Any-Body Guard: 通过动作掩蔽实现操作策略的通用安全保障
X-Safe: Embodiment-Agnostic Safeguarding for Robot Arm Manipulation Policies via Action Masking
AI总结:
提出X-Safe方法,在机器人配置空间中直接推理,提供碰撞避免的形式化概率保证,无需额外数据或工程适配即可跨实体迁移。
摘要:
确保基于学习的机器人操作在不同实体和任务中的安全性仍然需要大量手动工程。现有方法通常依赖于启发式设计的回退控制器或复杂的前向不变性评估。这些方法往往对任务成功过于保守,对实时执行计算成本过高,过于启发式而无法提供有用的安全保证,或者过于工程化而难以在不同设置之间转移。在本文中,我们提出了一种通用安全保障方法X-Safe,它直接在机器人的配置空间中推理,为碰撞避免提供形式化的概率保证。通过在配置空间中操作,我们的方法在依赖基于对象的准静态场景表示和机械臂的正向运动学模型的同时,可以跨实体迁移。因此,X-Safe提供了有用的形式化安全保证,而无需额外数据或针对不同实体或场景的工程努力。我们在仿真和硬件上针对不同的实体和策略展示了X-Safe。与最先进的安全保障相比,我们观察到任务性能下降更少,硬件实验中没有碰撞,并经验证了我们的形式化保证。
英文摘要:
Ensuring safety of learning-enabled robotic manipulation across diverse embodiments and tasks still requires significant manual engineering. For collision avoidance, existing approaches typically rely on embodiment-specific learned safety approximations or simplified robot models together with stopping-based fallback controllers that compromise performance. In this paper, we propose an embodiment-agnostic safeguarding approach, X-Safe, which provides formal probabilistic guarantees for collision avoidance without model simplifications or learned safety functions. By operating in the configuration space, our safeguarding method works with different types of robot policies. X-Safe reasons locally around the current configuration to establish safe regions and uses action masking to restrict the policy's support to these safe regions. We demonstrate X-Safe on two embodiments and three policies, both in simulation and on hardware. We observe less than half of the performance degradation compared to state-of-the-art safeguarding, and empirically corroborate our formal collision avoidance guarantees.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。