Noureddine Mohammedi
We solve the equations of motion of a complex $ϕ^4$ theory coupled to some given gauge field background. The solutions are given in both cylindrical and spherical coordinates and have finite energy.
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Absence of resonant decay for metastable vacua in gauge theories of scalar fields
本文证明了在标量场与规范场耦合的理论中，亚稳真空共振衰变是不可能的。我们的结果推广到标量场的规范理论，这是纯标量场理论中共振隧穿的一个最近的不可行定理。
Symmetry properties of massive gauge theories in nonlinear background gauges: Background dependence of Green functions
研究了Delbourgo和Jarvis非线性规范中具有一般背景场A_μ的非交换规范理论。利用Kluberg-Stern-Zuber恒等式和Lee恒等式得到的线性微分方程，完全确定了A_mu依赖性。它的积分导致在背景场A_mu中的单粒子不可约顶点泛函与对应的A_mu = 0的泛函之间的关系。一个类似的关系保持完整的格林函数的生成泛函，限制物理格林函数后，用于确认Rouet在线性背景规范的情况下得到的结果。
Scalar gauge fields
本文给出了一种变形的规范程序，它除了通常的矢量规范场$A_μ(x)$外，还采用了标量规范场$B (x)$。我们在具有U（1）对称性的复标量物质场$ϕ(x)$的背景下研究通常规范过程的这种变体。我们将主要关注当$ϕ$通过自发对称性破缺产生真空期望值时的情况。我们发现，在这些条件下的标量规范场混合的戈德斯通玻色子，产生的全球对称性的破缺。这个标量规范模型的其他一些有趣的特点是：（i）新的规范程序产生违反C和CP对称性的条款。这可能有应用在宇宙学或CP破坏粒子物理学;（ii）存在的质量条款的拉格朗日尊重新的扩展规范对称性。因此，即使在没有通常的希格斯机制的情况下，人们也可以有规范场质量项;（iii）标量规范场的正弦-戈登势的出现;（iv）标量规范玻色子的相互作用强度的自然的、轴子样的抑制。
Uniform Gauge for D1-brane in General Background
在一般背景下构造了一致规范D1-膜作用量。我们还讨论了这种作用如何在双芯旋转下变换，并确定了背景场的变换性质。
Background gauge invariance in the antifield formalism for theories with open gauge algebras
我们证明了任何具有开或闭规范代数的BRST不变量子作用量都具有相应的局域背景规范不变性。如果BRST对称性是反常的，但反常可以在反场形式中消除，则有效作用量具有局域背景规范不变性。反场（BRST源）的存在是必要的。作为一个例子，我们分析手征$W_3$引力。
Using Maccaferri's formula, we derive new wedge based solutions of open string field theory. The solutions are gauge equivalent to the Takahashi-Tanimoto scalar solutions. The classical action and the gauge invariant overlap are evaluated analytically. We find a perturbative vacuum solution whose gauge invariant observables vanish. We also identify a tachyon vacuum solution whose gauge invariant observables are identical to those of the Erler-Schnabl solution.
3-point off-shell vertex in scalar QED in arbitrary gauge and dimension
本文计算了任意规范和维数的标量量子电动力学中完全单圈离壳三点标量光子顶点。明确的结果，提出了3和4维的大规模和无质量标量的特殊情况下。然后，我们提出非微扰形式的这个顶点，符合微扰的答案，以$e^2$。
We show that the BRST identities can be used to control the renormalization of the background gauge in QCD, in spite of the fact that one-particle reducible graphs have to be omitted. We obtain the all orders renormalized affective action for the background field theory.
Employing methods introduced by Schwinger in quantum electrodynamics, we compute the propagator for a non-Abelian gauge field in a plane wave background field. In the long distance limit a mass-like term for the gauge field is induced by this interaction.
Further comments on the background field method and gauge invariant effective actions
本文的目的是在背景场框架下给出一个明确而有力的证明，证明任何规范理论都存在一个规范不变的有效作用量（{ \it背景规范等价}）。这里的有效作用指的是一个泛函，其勒让德变换仅限于物理壳，生成连通的$S$ -矩阵的矩阵元素。我们恢复和澄清以前的论点，由于雅培，Grisaru和Schaefer基于规范工件性质的背景字段和识别规范不变的有效行动与发电机的适当的，背景字段，顶点。
One-loop effective action for Einstein gravity in special background gauge
本文计算了一种特殊的单参数背景规范中爱因斯坦引力的单圈有效作用量，直到规范参数的一阶。结果表明，有效作用量不依赖于壳的规范参数。
It is shown how operator regularization can be used to obtain an expansion of the effective action in powers of derivatives of the background field. This is applied to massless scalar electrodynamics to find the one-loop corrections to the kinetic terms associated with both the scalar and vector fields in arbitrary gauge. This allows us to examine the radiatively induced masses arising in this model.
Local quartic interaction of higher-spin gauge field with a scalar field is considered. In this special case, the nontrivial task of construction of interacting Lagrangian for the higher spin field in physical gauge was solved using the full power of Noether's procedure. As a result, the linear on-field gauge transformation is obtained and the corresponding commutator of transformation is analyzed. To understand the closure of this algebra the right-hand side of this commutator is classified in respect to gauge transformations coming from cubic interactions with different higher spin symmetric…
We construct all possible Weyl invariant actions in $d=4$ for linearized spin three field in a general gravitational background. The first action is obtained as the square of the generalized Weyl tensor for a spin three gauge field in nonlinear gravitational background. It is, however, not invariant under spin three gauge transformations. We then construct two other nontrivial Weyl but not gauge invariant actions which are linear in the Weyl tensor of the background geometry. We then discuss existence and uniqueness of a possible linear combination of these three actions which is gauge invaria…
We introduce a background gauge akin to the Landau-DeWitt gauge but deformed by the presence of a gauge parameter for the quantization of Euclidean Yang-Mills theories. In the limit where the background field vanishes, standard linear covariant gauges are recovered. This gauge allows for an explicit investigation of the effects of infinitesimal Gribov copies and their impact to background and gauge parameter dependence of physical correlators. Similarly to linear covariant gauges, the introduction of gauge-invariant dressed fields is essential to restore BRST symmetry. Hence, we construct a BR…
Symmetry breaking and restoration for interacting scalar and gauge fields in Lifshitz type theories
我们考虑了具有临界指数$z=2$的各向异性时空标度场论中零温和有限温下的单圈有效势，包括标量场和规范场。依赖于规范和标量相互作用的耦合常数的相对强度，我们发现在零温度下的单圈诱导的对称性破缺项，我们发现在高温下通过一级相变对称性恢复。
For the Yang-Mills theory coupled to a single scalar field in the fundamental representation of the gauge group, we present a gauge-independent description of the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism by which massless gauge bosons acquire their mass. The new description should be compared with the conventional gauge-dependent description relying on the spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking due to a choice of the non-vanishing vacuum expectation value of the scalar field. In this paper we focus our consideration on the fundamental scalar field which extends the previous work done for the Yang-Mills theo…
It is shown that the gauge invariance and gauge dependence properties of effective action for Yang-Mills theories should be considered as two independent issues in the background field formalism. Application of this formalism to formulate the functional renormalization group approach is discussed. It is proven that there is a possibility to construct the corresponding average effective action invariant under the gauge transformations of background vector field. Nevertheless, being gauge invariant this action remains gauge dependent on-shell.
Massive $U(1)$ gauge field and their accompanying scalars in brane world
本文研究了膜世界中大规模 $U(1)$ 规范场及其伴随标量场的性质，通过引入特定项破坏完整规范冗余性，同时保留残余对称性，并发现标量模式质量依赖于背景几何。
We present a reformulation of the background field method for Yang-Mills type theories, based on using a superalgebra of generators of BRST and background field transformations. The new approach enables one to implement and consistently use non-linear gauges in a natural way, by using the requirement of invariance of the fermion gauge-fixing functional under the background field transformations.
Fermions in gravity and gauge backgrounds on a brane world
我们求解了具有扭曲几何的膜上引力和规范背景下的费米子零模，研究了自旋为1/2的费米子场在膜世界上的局域化。结果表明，存在无质量自旋1/2费米子，如果包含U（1）规范背景，它们可以定域在体材料上，且翘曲因子呈指数减小。讨论了额外维流形上规范背景的两种特殊情况。
UV/IR Mixing for Noncommutative Complex Scalar Field Theory, II (Interaction with Gauge Fields)
我们考虑标量电动力学和N=2 D=4 SUSY杨米尔斯理论的非对易类似物。我们证明了非对易标量电动力学的单圈可重整化性要求标量势是反对易子的平方。这种形式的标势不同于从非对易规范理论的观点所期望的标势，其中扩展超对称性包含一个交换子的平方。我们表明，费米子的贡献恢复换向器的标量势。这提供了非对易N=2超对称规范理论的单圈重整化。我们证明了一般耦合常数的非对易标量电动力学中存在不可积的红外奇异性。我们发现，对于一个特殊的比例的耦合常数，这些红外奇异消失。我们还证明了在非对易N=2超对称规范理论中不存在IR极点。
Gauge invariance and background field formalism in the exact renormalisation group
本文讨论了纯Yang-Mills理论中Wilson流的规范对称性和Ward-Takahashi恒等式。背景场的形式主义是用于建设的规范不变的有效作用量。分别计算了规范场和辅助背景场在规范变换下的有效作用量的对称性。我们研究如何恢复完整的理论的对称性在极限的截止被删除。
We show that dyon and magnetic monopole can be constructed in the gauge-independent way for the $SU(2)$ Yang--Mills theory even in the absence of the scalar field. This result is derived from the recent proposal for obtaining non-trivial topological configurations responsible for quark confinement in the Yang-Mills theory based on the Confinement-Higgs complementary relationship between the pure Yang-Mills theory and the gauge-scalar model with an adjoint scalar field of the fixed length. We discuss how such configurations have the implications for quark confinement.
Conformal Coupling of Higher Spin Gauge Fields to a Scalar Field in $AdS_{4}$ and Generalized Weyl Invariance
构造了$AdS_{4}$空间中对应于O（N）西格玛模型自由和相互作用临界点的规则和非规则边界条件下共形耦合标量的高自旋相互作用流.利用相应的自旋为2和4的线性化规范场和广义Weyl变换的Noether方法，得到了$AdS_{D}$空间中标量场和自旋为2和4的规范场的线性化相互作用的显式.
Scalar Field Corrections to AdS_4 Gravity from Higher Spin Gauge Theory
我们计算了在D=4的最小玻色子高自旋理论中，在标量场中是二次的应力-能量张量的全部贡献。我们发现任意高的导数项，并且应力-能量张量的总符号取决于标量场的宇称。
In recent years soft factorization theorems in scattering amplitudes have been reinterpreted as conservation laws of asymptotic charges. In gauge, gravity, and higher spin theories the asymptotic charges can be understood as canonical generators of large gauge symmetries. Such a symmetry interpretation has been so far missing for scalar soft theorems. We remedy this situation by treating the massless scalar field in terms of a dual two-form gauge field. We show that the asymptotic charges associated to the scalar soft theorem can be understood as generators of large gauge transformations of th…
Gauged Lifshitz scalar field theories in two dimensions
本文通过考虑源电流和Noether电流之间的对偶关系，提出了二维规范Lifshitz标量场理论。部分地要求对偶性，我们得到一个规范模型，恢复玻色化Schwinger模型的IR极限。然而，对于精确的对偶性，源电流是不守恒的，这意味着所得到的理论是反常的，因此自由度的数量增加了。第二个模型是一贯制定通过添加Wess-Zumino类型的作用量，以保持规范的不变性。
Using the background field method for the functional renormalization group approach in the case of a generic gauge theory, we study the background field symmetry and gauge dependence of the background average effective action, when the regulator action depends on external fields. The final result is that the symmetry of the average effective action can be maintained for a wide class of regulator functions, but in all cases the dependence of the gauge fixing remains on-shell. The Yang-Mills theory is considered as the main particular example.
Complementarity between Gauge-Boson Compositeness and Asymptotic Freedom -- with scalar matter
导出并求解了SU（N_c）规范玻色子与N_s标量场在次领先阶为1/N_s，领先阶为ln（Λ^2）（Λ为复合尺度）下耦合的复合性条件.结果表明，规范-玻色子复合性（具有大的Λ）的论证只有在N_s/N_c>22时才是成功的，在此情况下，渐近自由失效，就像以前研究的费米子物质的情况一样。
Scalar Quantum Electrodynamics via Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau Gauge Theory in the Heisenberg Picture:Vacuum Polarization
利用Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau规范理论研究了海森堡图中的标量量子电动力学。在此框架下，利用微扰方法计算了带电标量场和外加电磁场作用下的真空极化张量及其相应的感应电流.为了解释真空极化的结果，我们讨论了电荷重整化。
Background Independence, Gauge Invariance and Equations of Motion for Closed String Modes
在较早的论文[arXiv：1408.0484]中，闭弦模的规范不变和背景协变方程是从世界片理论的精确重整化群方程得到的。背景度量（但不是物理度量）必须是平坦的，因此该方法不是明显的背景独立的。本文放宽了对背景度量的限制。一个简单的处方的映射，从循环变量的时空场，从而为任意背景的方程一般是协变和规范不变。额外的条款涉及耦合的曲率张量（衍生物）的Stueckelberg领域已被添加。背景度量被选择为没有任何限制的物理度量。因此，这种方法给出了明显的背景无关的规范不变和一般的协变运动方程的开放和封闭的弦模式。
Gauge Symmetry Breakdown due to Dynamical Higgs Scalar
假设无标量场的无质量规范理论的手征对称性动力学自发破缺，给出了一种利用辅助场构造动力学南武-戈德斯通玻色子和元素费米子的有效作用量的方法.在这里，动力学粒子被假定为由基本费米子组成。包括衰减常数在内的各种量都是从这个有效作用中计算出来的。这种技术也被应用到规范对称性击穿，$SU(5)\to SU(4)$，以获得大量的规范场。
Unitary Background Gauges and Hamiltonian approach to Yang--Mills Theories
在背景场的微扰理论被认为是为了找到那些最适合的哈密顿处理系统的各种酉规范。我们选择了两种方便的规范，导出了沉浸在背景组态中的胶子量子涨落的传播子$D_{μν}$。第一种是QED中通常的库仑规范的幺正推广，它保持了两个传播极化与瞬时极化的解耦。第二种可能性是轴向光锥规，它在有背景的情况下也能保持无重影。简要讨论了该方法在量子色动力学中的应用，如在量子色动力学中的应用。
Fermionic Zero Modes in Gauge and Gravity Backgrounds on a Sphere
本文以二维紧致流形$S^2$为额外维，研究了规范和引力背景下的费米子零模。结果是，存在无质量的狄拉克费米子，它具有归一化零模在相当一般的假设下，这些背景上的体积。讨论了球上规范本底的几种特殊情况，得到了几种简单的费米子零模。
Fermionic zero modes in gauge and gravity backgrounds On $T^2$
本文以二维紧致流形$T^2$为额外维，研究了规范和引力背景下的费米子零模。结果是，存在无质量的狄拉克费米子，它具有归一化零模在相当一般的假设下，这些背景上的体积。讨论了环面上规范本底的几种特殊情况，得到了一些简单的费米子零模。
Cosmic string interactions induced by gauge and scalar fields
研究了由规范场和具有非最小曲率耦合的标量场诱导的两个平行宇宙弦之间的相互作用。对于小的亏损角，规范场的行为就像一个非最小耦合的特定值的非最小标量的集合。我们通过计算弦之间的相互作用能来检验这种等价性。这一结果为自旋为1的场引起的黑洞熵重整化中起重要作用的“接触项”提供了另一个物理背景。
One-Loop NMHV Amplitudes involving Gluinos and Scalars in N=4 Gauge Theory
我们使用超对称沃德恒等式和四重切割从纯胶子振幅产生包含胶子和伴随标量的n-pt NMHV振幅。我们提出了一组因素，可以用来产生一个循环的NMHV振幅涉及胶子或伴随标量在N=4超级杨米尔斯从相应的纯胶子振幅。
New relations between spinor and scalar one-loop effective Lagrangians in constant background fields
本文给出了常曲率电磁场和引力场背景场中旋量粒子和标量粒子的单圈有效拉格朗日量之间的简单新关系。这些关系超越了自对偶背景场的已知情形。
Superspace Formulation of Yang- Mills Theory II: Inclusion of Gauge Invariant Operators and Scalars
在杨米尔斯理论的超空间制定以前提出的，我们展示了如何规范不变的运营商和标量可以纳入保持完整的（破）$Osp(3,1|2)$对称性的超空间行动。我们表明，在这两种情况下，WT身份可以在一个简单的形式$\frac{\partial\bar{W}}{\partialθ}=0$铸造。
Refined Topological Vertex and Duality of Gauge Theories in Generic Omega Backgrounds
计算了精细拓扑弦（A模型）的配分函数，在一般的（不一定是自对偶的）Omega背景下，得到了圆紧化的五维超对称线性规范规范理论.基于精化拓扑弦配分函数的切片独立性猜想，明确地证明了即使在一般的Omega背景下，$SU(N)^{M-1}$和$SU(M)^{N-1}$超对称线性规范规范理论之间也存在对偶性.发现弦模量和规范模量之间的关系从自对偶的情况变形。然而，如果考虑保持Ω背景参数q和t之比的对偶映射，则规范模的对偶映射与自对偶情况相比没有改变。
Mass Generation for Gauge Fields without Scalars
我们提出了一种替代希格斯机制产生质量的非阿贝尔规范场在（3+1）维。初始拉格朗日量是由一个费米子与电流-电流和偶极-偶极型自相互作用最小耦合到非阿贝尔规范场。质量的产生发生在费米子功能集成。我们表明，通过微调耦合常数的有效理论包含大量的非阿贝尔规范场没有任何剩余标量或其他自由度。
Gauge Fields and Scalars in Rolling Tachyon Backgrounds
本文研究了具有滚动快子的不稳定D膜上规范场和标量场的动力学性质。假设膜上存在FRW度规，我们找到了快子运动运动方程的一个解，它对任意的快子势和标度因子都是有效的。在此背景下导出了U（1）规范场和标量场的运动方程。这些字段看到的是与原始FRW度量不同的有效度量。由于有效度规的曲率以及规范耦合的时间变化，场方程得到了较大的修正。这些场的状态方程类似于非相对论性物质的状态方程，而不是无质量粒子的状态方程。
We consider supersymmetric deformations of gauge theories in various dimensions obtained from a String Theory realisation of branes embedded in flux backgrounds. In particular we obtain deformations which take the form of Wilson line defects, where the R-symmetry is twisted into the gauge symmetry. Furthermore we construct higher-order generalisations, also expressed a twisting of the R-symmetry, that have symmetries associated to co-dimension two and three defects.
Quantum gravity and matter fields in a general background gauge
本文在一般背景规范下，通过一阶微扰计算得到有效作用量，验证了DeWitt-Kallosh定理，并揭示了理论在一般背景规范下的非重整化特性。
Holographic Gauge Theories in Background Fields and Surface Operators
在N=4 SYM中构造了一类新的超对称曲面算子，并找到了相应的对偶超引力解。我们表明，插入的表面运营商-这是由一个WZW模型支持的表面上-出现通过整合出局部自由度沿表面产生微观从D3/D 7膜相交。一致性要求在D 7超重力背景中而不是在平坦空间中构建N=4 SYM。这就把弦论背景下的全息规范理论的对偶类扩大到非平凡超引力背景下的规范理论。我们发现的对偶IIB型超引力解揭示了全息对偶规范理论确实存在于D 7膜背景中。
osp(1,2)-covariant Lagrangian quantization of irreducible massive gauge theories with generic background configurations
在不可约质量规范理论的osp（1，2）对称量子化框架下，研究了规范场线性分裂为背景位形和量子涨落的最简单情形的背景场方法。这种方法的对称性--包括三种背景相关的规范变换--用沃德恒等式表示。从这些身份连同运动方程的辅助领域的背景依赖性的顶点功能和格林函数的确定。证明了背景场的引入并不改变理论的紫外渐近性。
Large N limit of SO(N) scalar gauge theory
本文根据Rajeev的思想，研究了耦合到实标量场的SO（N_c）规范理论的大$N_c$极限.我们看到，这个经典理论的相空间是Sp_1（H）/U（H_+），它是无限维Siegel圆盘的类似物。线性化的运动方程给出了著名的二维QCD't Hooft方程的一个版本。
Light-cone gauge superstring field theory in linear dilaton background
光锥规范超弦场论的费曼振幅存在各种发散。为了正则化它们，我们在时空维数固定的背景$Φ=-iQX^1$上研究了线性双折射理论。我们表明，理论与费曼$i\varepsilon\,(\varepsilon>0)$和$Q^{2}>10$产生有限的结果。
In this work we investigate the effects of the Gribov prescription to get rid of zero-modes of the Faddeev-Popov operator, at one-loop order in perturbation theory, in the Landau-DeWitt gauge. Quantum fluctuations are taken around a transverse background gauge field. The one-loop effective action is explicitly computed, and the behavior of the gauge and ghost fields propagators are carefully investigated. At one-loop and for generic transverse background configurations the effective action is found to be \textit{not} background invariant, as expected, due to a non-vanishing background contribu…
Deformed supersymmetric gauge theories from the fluxtrap background
弦论的通量阱背景提供了一种透明的算法方法来构造具有不同维度的质量和Ω型变形的超对称规范理论。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了一些变形的超对称规范理论在二维和四维，可以得到通过从弦或M理论的磁通阱背景。这种理论，最著名的是Ω变形的超杨米尔斯理论在四维空间，已会见了很多的兴趣，在最近的文献。弦论处理提供了许多新的分析和应用途径，例如研究变形N=4规范理论的引力场。
Classical Soft Graviton Theorem due to Scalar Fields on 4-D Minkowski Background
本文针对4维闵可夫斯基背景上的无质量与有质量标量场，在不考虑背景扰动修正的前提下，给出了经典软引力子定理的简化证明。
$Λ$-symmetry and background independence of noncommutative gauge theory on $\mathbb R^n$
讨论了非对易Yang-Mills理论在$\mathbb R^n$上的背景无关性.发现$θ\hat F θ- θ$在次主导阶是背景相关的，只有当普通规范场强度$F$为常数时，它才成为背景无关的.证明了在小的$B$值下，如果$F$在无穷远处的阻尼足够快，则非对易Dirac-Born-Infeld作用量至少在$θ$的次前导级上具有$Λ$ -对称性.
Manifestly gauge-covariant representation of scalar and fermion propagators
提出了一种在弱规范场背景下写出质量标量和费米子传播子的新方法。它们被写成一种形式，这种形式明显是规范协变的，直到几个额外的项可以被写成动量空间中的边界项。这些附加项违反了Ward-Takahashi恒等式，如果完整的理论是规范协变的，则需要用适当的反项进行重整化。这种形式使得以明显的规范协变方式计算许多振幅成为可能（同时减少了费曼图的数量）。它还允许以独立于正则化方案的方式表达一些反项，并提供了一种简单的方法来推导影响手征电流守恒的反常项。
CP(n) supersymmetric mechanics in U(n) background gauge fields
我们构造了一个新的N=4超对称力学，描述了粒子在U（n）背景规范场中在$CP^n$流形上的运动.
Higher-Spin Gauge Fields Interacting with Scalars: The Lagrangian Cubic Vertex
我们应用最近提出的BRST方法构造了高自旋规范场三重态与大质量自由标量相互作用系统的Largangian立方顶点。在平坦空间中，自旋-s三重态传播一系列不可约自旋-s，s-2，.，0/1模式，独立地耦合到相应的守恒电流从标量构建。平面空间结果的简单协变在AdS中是不够的，因为新的相互作用顶点出现了。我们详细介绍的情况下，自旋-2和自旋-3三重态耦合标量。限制到一个单一的不可约的自旋S模式，我们发现以前获得的结果。我们还提出了一个替代推导的基础上的想法，即高自旋规范场产生的自由物质拉格朗日方程的高阶导数对称性的测量较低的自旋结果。我们的结果可以很容易地应用于高自旋规范理论的全息研究。
Using the background field method, we study in a general covariant gauge the renormalization of the 6-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. This requires background gauge invariant counterterms, some of which do not vanish on shell. Such counterterms occur, even off-shell, with gauge-independent coefficients. The analysis is done at one loop order and the extension to higher orders is discussed by means of the BRST identities. We examine the behaviour of the beta function, which implies that this theory is not asymptotically free.
In a series of recent works Ishihara and Ogawa have investigated non-topological solitons (Q-balls) in a spontaneously broken Abelian gauge theory coupled to two complex scalar fields. The present paper extends their investigations to the most general U(1)$\times$U(1) symmetric quartic potential. Also a new class of charged Q-ball solutions with vanishing self-interaction terms is investigated and some of their remarkable properties is exhibited.
We study the trace and chiral anomalies of Weyl fermions in a non-abelian gauge background in four dimensions. Using a Pauli-Villars regularization we identify the trace anomaly, proving that it can be cast in a gauge invariant form, even in the presence of the non-abelian chiral anomaly, that we rederive to check the consistency of our methods. In particular, we find that the trace anomaly does not contain any parity-odd topological contribution, whose presence has been debated in the recent literature.
Open superstring partition function in constant gauge field background at finite temperature
在有限温度下，在恒定阿贝尔规范场背景下，我们得到了环上开超弦配分函数的一般表达式。我们在光锥规范中使用基于Green-Schwarz弦路径积分的方法，并与NSR方法进行了比较。讨论了超Yang-Mills理论的极限，并给出了D-膜的一些应用。
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