We employ the perverse vanishing cycles to show that each reduced cohomology group of the Milnor fiber, except the top two, can be computed from the restriction of the vanishing cycle complex to only singular strata with a certain lower bound in dimension. Guided by geometric results, we alternately use the nearby and vanishing cycle functors to derive information about the Milnor fiber cohomology via iterated slicing by generic hyperplanes. These lead to the description of the reduced cohomology groups, except the top two, in terms of the vanishing cohomology of the nearby section. We use it to compute explicitly the lowest (possibly nontrivial) vanishing cohomology group of the Milnor fiber.
Under the generic situation, the cohomology with the coefficients in the local system on complements of hypersurfaces vanishes except in the highest dimension. Our problem is of when the local system cohomology does not vanish. In the case of arrangements of hyperplanes, many examples were founded. In this paper, we shall generalize their examples to hypersurfaces. We obtain that hypersurfaces given by some linear system have non-vanishing local system cohomologies.
In this paper, for any Milnor hypersurface we find the largest dimension of effective algebraic torus actions on it. The proof of the corresponding theorem is based on the computation of the automorphism group for any Milnor hypersurface. We find all generalised Buchstaber-Ray and Ray hypersurfaces that are toric varieties. We compute the Betti numbers of these hypersurfaces and describe their integral singular cohomology rings in terms of the cohomology of the corresponding ambient varieties.
We prove that the rational cohomology of the space of non-singular complex homogeneous polynomials of degree d in a fixed number of variables stabilizes to the cohomology of the general linear group for d sufficiently large.
We show that, in general, there exist non-vanishing triple Massey products in the cohomology with finite field coefficients of a complex hypersurface complement. In contrast, the Massey products, triple and higher, in the rational cohomology of such a space are all known to vanish.
We study the topology of the boundary manifold of a regular neighborhood of a complex projective hypersurface. We show that, under certain Hodge theoretic conditions, the cohomology ring of the complement of the hypersurface functorially determines that of the boundary. When the hypersurface defines a hyperplane arrangement, the cohomology of the boundary is completely determined by the combinatorics of the underlying arrangement and the ambient dimension. We also study the LS category and topological complexity of the boundary manifold, as well as the resonance varieties of its cohomology rin…
This paper is concerned with the primitive cohomology of a smooth projective hypersurface considered as a linear representation for its automorphism group. Using the Lefschetz-Riemann-Roch formula, the character of this representation is described on each piece of the Hodge decomposition. A consequence about the existence of smooth symmetric hypersurfaces that are stable under the standard irreducible permutation representation of the symmetric group on homogeneous coordinates is drawn.
We propose a construction of string cohomology spaces for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces that arise in Batyrev's mirror symmetry construction. The spaces are defined explicitly in terms of the corresponding reflexive polyhedra in a mirror-symmetric manner. We draw connections with other approaches to the string cohomology, in particular with the work of Chen and Ruan.
Using the semicontinuity of the Milnor number and the Łojasiewicz exponent, we give a simple proof of Yau's characterization of isolated homogenous hypersurface singularities.
In this paper the detailed classification of three-dimensional exceptional canonical hypersurface singularities which don't satisfy the condition of well-formedness is given. This result completes the classification of three-dimensional exceptional log canonical hypersurface singularities started in [4] (math.AG 0201025).
Using the path lattice cohomology we provide a conceptual topological characterization of the geometric genus for certain complex normal surface singularities with rational homology sphere links, which is uniformly valid for all superisolated and Newton non--degenerate hypersurface singularities.
The log canonical thresholds of irreducible quasi-ordinary hypersurface singularities are computed, using an explicit list of pole candidates for the motivic zeta function found by the last two authors.
We compute Hochschild cohomology of projective hypersurfaces starting from the Gerstenhaber-Schack complex of the (restricted) structure sheaf. We are particularly interested in the second cohomology group and its relation with deformations. We show that a projective hypersurface is smooth if and only if the classical HKR decomposition holds for this group. In general, the first Hodge component describing scheme deformations has an interesting inner structure corresponding to the various ways in which first order deformations can be realized: deforming local multiplications, deforming restrict…
We prove that a smooth surface, non of general type, in projective four-space, which lies on a quartic hypersurface with isolated singularities has degree at most 27 (in fact we prove a slightly more general result).
We prove a "strong" Durfee-type inequality for isolated hypersurface surface singularities, which implies Durfee's strong conjecture for such singularities with non-negative topological Euler number of the exceptional set of the minimal resolution.
C.T.C. Wall and the first author discovered an extension of Arnold's strange duality embracing on one hand series of bimodal hypersurface singularities and on the other, isolated complete intersection singularities. In this paper, we derive this duality from the mirror symmetry and the Berglund-Hübsch transposition of invertible polynomials.
This paper studies hypersurface exceptional singularities in $\mathbb C^n$ defined by non-degenerate function. For each canonical hypersurface singularity, there exists a weighted homogeneous singularity such that the former is exceptional if and only if the latter is exceptional. So we study the weighted homogeneous case and prove that the number of weights of weighted homogeneous exceptional singularities are finite. Then we determine all exceptional singularities of the Brieskorn type of dimension 3.
We consider a hypersurface in $\mathbb{C}^n$ with an isolated singular point at the origin, and study the mixed Hodge structure of the stalk of its intersection cohomology complex at the origin. In particular we express the dimension of each graded piece of the weight filtration of this mixed Hodge structure in terms of the numbers of the Jordan blocks in the Milnor monodromy.
This text is the write-up of a series of lectures on the asymptotic mixed Hodge theory of isolated hypersurface singularities, held at the Third Latin American school on Algebraic Geometry and its applications (ELGA 3) in Guanajuato, Mexico, in august 2017. Its focus is on the classical application of the semi-continuity of the spectrum due to Varchenko and Steenbrink to the problem of bounding the possible singularities on a projective hypersurface.
We prove a formula for the polar degree of projective hypersurfaces in terms of the Milnor data of the singularities, extending to 1-dimensional singularities the Dimca-Papadima result for isolated singularities. We discuss the semi-continuity of the polar degree in deformations, and we classify the homaloidal cubic surfaces with 1-dimensional singular locus. Some open questions are pointed out along the way.
In this paper we give a positive answer to a question of Nash concerning the arc space of a singularity, for the class of quasi-ordinary hypersurface singularities, extending to this case previous results and techniques of Shihoko Ishii.
To any Feynman graph (with 2n edges) we can associate a hypersurface X\subset\PP^{2n-1}. We study the middle cohomology H^{2n-2}(X) of such hypersurfaces. S. Bloch, H. Esnault, and D. Kreimer (Commun. Math. Phys. 267, 2006) have computed this cohomology for the first series of examples, the wheel with spokes graphs WS_n, n\geq 3. Using the same technique, we introduce the generalized zigzag graphs and prove that W_5(H^{2n-2}(X))=\QQ(-2) for all of them (with W_{*} the weight filtration). Next, we study primitively log divergent graphs with small number of edges and the behavior of graph hypers…
A Hodge structure V of weight k on which a CM field acts defines, under certain conditions, a Hodge structure of weight k-1, its half twist. In this paper we consider hypersurfaces in projective space with a cyclic automorphism which defines an action of a cyclotomic field on a Hodge substructure in the cohomology. We determine when the half twist exists and relate it to the geometry and moduli of the hypersurfaces. We use our results to prove the existence of a Kuga-Satake correspondance for certain cubic 4-folds.
We give a survey on some aspects of the topological investigation of isolated singularities of complex hypersurfaces by means of Picard-Lefschetz theory. We focus on the concept of distinguished bases of vanishing cycles and the concept of monodromy.
It is proved that a general Fano hypersurface of index 1 (in the projective space) with isolated singularities of general position is birationally rigid. Therefore it cannot be fibered into uniruled varieties of a smaller dimension by a rational map. The group of birational self-maps is either trivial or cyclic of order two.
Linearly projecting smooth projective varieties provides a method of obtaining hypersurfaces birational to the original varieties. We show that in low dimension, the resulting hypersurfaces only have Du Bois singularities. Moreover, we conclude that these Du Bois singularities are in fact semi log canonical. However, we demonstrate the existence of counterexamples in high dimension -- the generic linear projection of certain varieties of dimension 30 or higher is neither semi log canonical nor Du Bois.
We show the existence of ($1+\frac{w_2}{w_3}$)-fast loops on semi-weighted homogeneous hypersurface singularities with weights $w_1\geq w_2>w_3$. In particular we show that semi-weighted homogeneous hypersurface singularities have metrical conical structure only if its two low weights are equal.
We explore the existence of irreducible and reducible arc-sections in an irreducible hypersurface singularity germ along finite projections. In particular we provide examples of irreducible isolated hypersurface singularities for which no irreducible arc-sections exist, and show that reducible ones always exist. Moreover, we give an algorithm to check if a given projection allows irreducible arc-sections, and find them if they exist.
Soient $f,g\colon (\hbox{åC}^n,0) \to (\hbox{åC},0)$ des germes de fonctions holomorphes réduits. Nous montrons que $f$ et $g$ ont la même multiplicité en 0 si et seulement s'il existe des germes réduits $f'$ et $g'$ analytiquement équivalents à $f$ et $g$, respectivement, tels que $f'$ et $g'$ satisfassent une inégalité du type de Rouché par rapport à un `petit' cercle générique autour de~0. Comme application, nous donnons une reformulation de la question de Zariski sur la multiplicité et une réponse partielle positive à celle--ci.
We give an upper bound for the minimal discrepancies of hypersurface singularities. As an application, we show that Shokurov's conjecture is true for log-terminal threefolds.
We employ the formalism of vanishing cycles and perverse sheaves to introduce and study the vanishing cohomology of complex projective hypersurfaces. As a consequence, we give upper bounds for the Betti numbers of projective hypersurfaces, generalizing those obtained by different methods by Dimca in the isolated singularities case, and by Siersma-Tibăr in the case of hypersurfaces with a $1$-dimensional singular locus. We also prove a supplement to the Lefschetz hyperplane theorem for hypersurfaces, which takes the dimension of the singular locus into account, and we use it to give a new proof…
We introduce braid monodromy for the discriminant hypersurface in versal unfoldings of hypersurface singularities. Our objective is then to compute this invariant for singularities of Brieskorn Pham type: First we consider the unfolding by linear monomials in some detail and relate it to the versal unfolding. Next we present the A_n case in our framework. The two main chapters then provide the result in case of two variables and the inductive step to all higher dimensions. We finish with a presentation of the fundamental group of the discriminant complement.
In this note we provide a formula for the Tjurina number of a join of isolated hypersurface singularities in separated variables. From this we are able to provide a characterization of isolated hypersurface singularities whose difference between the Milnor and Tjurina numbers is less or equal than two arising as the join of isolated hypersurface singularities in separated variables. Also, we are able to provide new upper bounds for the quotient of Milnor and Tjurina numbers of certain join of isolated hypersurface singularities. Finally, we deduce an upper bound for the quotient of Milnor and …
Mather and Yau showed that an isolated complex hypersurface singularity is completely determined by its moduli algebra. It is shown, for the simple elliptic singularities, how to construct continuous invariants from the moduli algebras and, hence, associate invariants to the singularities themselves.
We give partial answers to a metric version of Zariski's multiplicity conjecture. In particular, we prove the multiplicity of complex analytic surface (not necessarily isolated) singularities in $\mathbb{C}^3$ is a bi-Lipschitz invariant.
For a weighted quasihomogeneous two dimensional hypersurface singularity, we define a smoothing with unipotent monodromy and an isolated graded normal singularity. We study the natural weighted blow up of both the smoothing and the surface. In particular, we describe our construction for the quasihomogeneous singularities of type I, the 14 unimodal exceptional singularities and we relate it to their stable replacement.
We study the Milnor monodromies of non-isolated hypersurface singularities and show that the reduced cohomology groups of the Milnor fibers are concentrated in the middle degree for some eigenvalues of the monodromies. As an application of this result, we give an explicit formula for some parts of their Jordan normal forms.
We establish birational superrigidity for a large class of singular projective Fano hypersurfaces of index one. In the special case of isolated singularities, our result applies for instance to: (1) hypersurfaces with semi-homogeneous singularities of multiplicity asymptotically bounded by twice the square root of the dimension of the hypersurface, (2) hypersurfaces with isolated singularities whose Tyurina numbers satisfy a similar bound, and (3) hypersurfaces with isolated singularities whose dual variety is a hypersurface of degree sufficiently close to the expected degree.
We prove an effective bound for the degrees of generators of the algebraic de Rham cohomology of smooth affine hypersurfaces. In particular, we show that the de Rham cohomology H_dR^p(X) of a smooth hypersurface X of degree d in C^n can be generated by differential forms of degree d^O(pn). This result is relevant for the algorithmic computation of the cohomology, but is also motivated by questions in the theory of ordinary differential equations related to the infinitesimal Hilbert 16th problem.
We study the geometry and cohomology of semiample hypersurfaces in toric varieties. Such hypersurfaces generalize the MPCP-desingularizations of Calabi-Yau ample hypersurfaces in the Batyrev mirror construction. We study the topological cup product on the middle cohomology of semiample hypersurfaces. In particular, we obtain a complete algebraic description of the middle cohomology of regular semiample hypersurfaces in 4-dimensional simplicial toric varieties what would be interesting for physics.
We introduce a Lie algebra of initial terms of logarithmic vector fields along a hypersurface singularity. Extending the formal structure theorem in [GS06, Thm. 5.4], we show that the completely reducible part of its linear projection lifts formally to a linear Lie algebra of logarithmic vector fields. For quasihomogeneous singularities, we prove convergence of this linearization. We relate our construction to the work of Hauser and M"uller [M"ul86, HM89] on Levi subgroups of automorphism groups of singularities, which proves convergence even for algebraic singularities. Based on the initial L…
Suppose that $f$ defines a singular, complex affine hypersurface. If the critical locus of $f$ is one-dimensional, we obtain new general bounds on the ranks of the homology groups of the Milnor fiber of $f$. This result has an interesting implication on the structure of the vanishing cycles in the category of perverse sheaves.
We study the representation of a finite group acting on the cohomology of a non-degenerate, invariant hypersurface of a projective toric variety. We deduce an explicit description of the representation when the toric variety has at worst quotient singularities. As an application, we conjecture a representation-theoretic version of Batyrev and Borisov's mirror symmetry between pairs of Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces, and prove it when the hypersurfaces are both smooth or have dimension at most 3. An interesting consequence is the existence of pairs of Calabi-Yau orbifolds whose Hodge diamonds are mir…
We introduce two generalizations of Newton-non-degenerate (Nnd) singularities of hypersurfaces. Roughly speaking, an isolated hypersurface singularity is called topologically Newton-non-degenerate (tNnd) if the local embedded topological singularity type can be restored from a collection of Newton diagrams (for some coordinate choices). A singularity that is not tNnd is called essentially Newton-degenerate. For plane curves we give an explicit characterization of tNnd singularities; for hypersurfaces we provide several examples. Next, we treat the question: whether Nnd or tNnd is a property of…
In this series of lectures, I will discuss results for complex hypersurfaces with non-isolated singularities. In Lecture 1, I will review basic definitions and results on complex hypersurfaces, and then present classical material on the Milnor fiber and fibration. In Lecture 2, I will present basic results from Morse theory, and use them to prove some results about complex hypersurfaces, including a proof of Lê's attaching result for Milnor fibers of non-isolated hypersurface singularities. This will include defining the relative polar curve. Lecture 3 will begin with a discussion of intersect…
From the degree zero part of logarithmic vector fields along an algebraic hypersurface singularity we indentify the maximal multihomogeneity of a defining equation in form of a maximal algebraic torus in the embedded automorphism group. We show that all such maximal tori are conjugate and in one-to-one correspondence to maxmimal tori in the degree zero jet of the embedded automorphism group. The result is motivated by Kyoji Saito's characterization of quasihomogeneity for isolated hypersurface singularities and extends its formal version and a result of Hauser and Mueller.
