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arXiv 2006.13422hep-latnucl-th
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背景磁场中三种风味QCD的手性相结构

Chiral phase structure of three flavor QCD in a background magnetic field

Heng-Tong Ding, Christian Schmidt, Akio Tomiya, Xiao-Dan Wang

备注：
23 pages, 9 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. D 102, 054505 (2020)
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摘要：

利用标准交错作用量和Wilson格元规范作用量研究了背景$U(1)$磁场中三味QCD的手征相结构。我们进行模拟的时间范围的$N_τ=4$和四个空间范围的$N_σ= 8,16, 20$和24格。我们选择一个比物理夸克质量更小的晶格间距作为$am = 0.030$，使得在磁场消失时存在交叉跃迁，并采用两个晶格间距磁场强度值$a \sqrt{ e{B}}\simeq 1.5$和2。我们发现，在背景磁场的存在下，这种跃迁变得更强，并且从序参量磁化率的体积标度以及手征凝聚体的亚稳态的时间历程中可以看出，这种跃迁转变为一级跃迁.另一方面，手性缩合物和转变温度总是增加与$B$，即使在一级相变的制度。这表明，在早期的晶格研究中，使用大于物理π介子质量的标准交错费米子和使用物理π介子的改进交错费米子之间，手性凝聚体和转变温度作为$B$的函数的行为的差异主要是由于晶格截止效应。

英文摘要：

We investigate the chiral phase structure of three flavor QCD in a background $U(1)$ magnetic field using the standard staggered action and the Wilson plaquette gauge action. We perform simulations on lattices with a temporal extent of $N_τ=4$ and four spatial extents of $N_σ= 8,16, 20$ and 24. We choose a smaller-than-physical quark mass in lattice spacing as $am = 0.030$ such that there exists a crossover transition at vanishing magnetic fields, and adopt two values of magnetic field strength in lattice spacing $a \sqrt{ e{B}}\simeq 1.5$ and 2. We find that the transition becomes stronger in the presence of a background magnetic field, and turns into a first order as seen from the volume scaling of the order parameter susceptibility as well as the metastable states in the time history of the chiral condensate. On the other hand, the chiral condensate and transition temperature always increase with $B$ even within the regime of a first order phase transition. This suggests that the discrepancy in the behavior of chiral condensates and transition temperature as a function of $B$ between earlier lattice studies using larger-than-physical pion masses with standard staggered fermions and those using physical pions with improved staggered fermions is mainly due to lattice cutoff effects.

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