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arXiv 2006.08283hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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引力shock waves和散射振幅

Gravitational shock waves and scattering amplitudes

Andrea Cristofoli

摘要:

我们用散射振幅技术研究了引力激波。首先回顾推导广义相对论作为一个超相对论的史瓦西解决方案的推动后,我们提供了一个替代的推导,利用散射振幅和爱因斯坦场方程的解决方案之间的新关系。我们证明了引力激波是由两个无质量标量和一个引力子组成的三点函数的经典部分产生的。辐射局部化的区域具有分布轮廓,并且现在以自然的方式恢复,从而绕过了引入广义相对论中使用的奇异坐标变换。计算很容易推广到任意尺寸,我们展示了如何从古典贡献的情况下,在更高的循环古典解决方案的精确性如下。一个经典的引力和电磁冲击波之间的双副本也提供了一个旋转的源,使用三点振幅的指数形式,我们推断引力冲击波和旋转的,也被称为回转子之间的显着关系。利用这一性质,我们推导出一族描述具有自旋的引力激波的精确解。然后,我们计算一个粒子的相移在背景中的冲击波发现协议与较早的计算由Amati,Ciafaloni和Veneziano的粒子在高能量极限。应用于回旋子,它提供了一个结果的散射角的所有订单的自旋。

英文摘要:

We study gravitational shock waves using scattering amplitude techniques. After first reviewing the derivation in General Relativity as an ultrarelativistic boost of a Schwarzschild solution, we provide an alternative derivation by exploiting a novel relation between scattering amplitudes and solutions to Einstein's field equations. We prove that gravitational shock waves arise from the classical part of a three point function with two massless scalars and a graviton. The region where radiation is localized has a distributional profile and it is now recovered in a natural way, thus bypassing the introduction of singular coordinate transformations as used in General Relativity. The computation is easily generalized to arbitrary dimensions and we show how the exactness of the classical solution follows from the absence of classical contributions at higher loops. A classical double copy between gravitational and electromagnetic shock waves is also provided and for a spinning source, using the exponential form of three point amplitudes, we infer a remarkable relation between gravitational shock waves and spinning ones, also known as gyratons. Using this property, we infer a family of exact solutions describing gravitational shock waves with spin. We then compute the phase shift of a particle in a background of shock waves finding agreement with an earlier computation by Amati, Ciafaloni and Veneziano for particles in the high energy limit. Applied to a gyraton, it provides a result for the scattering angle to all orders in spin.

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