引力Shock Waves的掠碰撞和重离子碰撞中的熵产生
Grazing Collisions of Gravitational Shock Waves and Entropy Production in Heavy Ion Collision
摘要：
AdS/CFT对应现在被广泛用于研究强耦合等离子体，例如在RHIC的超相对论重离子碰撞中产生的等离子体。虽然平衡等离子体的性质和从平衡的小偏差现在已经相当好地理解，但它的初始形成和热平衡是更具挑战性的问题，仍有待研究。在双引力理论中，这些问题与大体积黑洞的形成有关，而我们在这项工作中研究的捕获表面是一种估计这种黑洞性质（温度和熵）的方法。在Gubser等人工作的基础上，我们发现了不同能量冲击波非中心碰撞的数值捕获面。我们观察到一个关键的碰撞参量，超过此被困表面不存在：我们认为，有类似的关键碰撞参量在真正的碰撞实验迹象。我们还提出了一个简单的激波碰撞的可解的例子：壁对壁碰撞。讨论了这种方法在重离子碰撞中的适用性。
英文摘要：
AdS/CFT correspondence is now widely used for study of strongly coupled plasmas, such as produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. While properties of equilibrated plasma and small deviations from equilibrium are by now reasonably well understood, its initial formation and thermal equilibration is much more challenging issue which remains to be studied. In the dual gravity language, these problems are related to formation of bulk black holes, and trapped surfaces we study in this work is a way to estimate the properties (temperature and entropy) of such black hole. Extending the work by Gubser et al, we find numerically trapped surfaces for non-central collision of shock waves with different energies. We observe a critical impact parameter, beyond which the trapped surface does not exist: and we argue that there are experimental indications for similar critical impact parameter in real collisions. We also present a simple solvable example of shock wave collision: wall-on-wall collision. The applicability of this approach to heavy ion collision is critically discussed.
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