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arXiv 2005.13264gr-qc
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均匀引力场中的相对论量子弹跳粒子

Relativistic quantum bouncing particles in a homogeneous gravitational field

Ar Rohim, Kazushige Ueda, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Shih-Yuin Lin

摘要:

本文研究了相对论效应对引力场中弹跳粒子波函数的影响。受等效原理的启发,我们研究了Rindler坐标系下的Klein-Gordon方程和Dirac方程,其边界条件模拟了Minkowski空间中的匀加速镜。在非相对论极限下,所有这些模型在共动框架下都归结为我们所熟悉的线性引力势中具有固定底的薛定谔方程的本征值问题。我们发现,跳跃狄拉克粒子的两个能级之间的跃迁频率大于Klein-Gordon粒子的对应物,而两者都大于它们的非相对论极限。不同性质的粒子对本征能量的不同修正与它们的波函数在镜边界附近的不同行为有关。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we study the relativistic effect on the wave functions for a bouncing particle in a gravitational field. Motivated by the equivalence principle, we investigate the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations in Rindler coordinates with the boundary conditions mimicking a uniformly accelerated mirror in Minkowski space. In the nonrelativistic limit, all these models in the comoving frame reduce to the familiar eigenvalue problem for the Schrödinger equation with a fixed floor in a linear gravitational potential, as expected. We find that the transition frequency between two energy levels of a bouncing Dirac particle is greater than the counterpart of a Klein-Gordon particle, while both are greater than their nonrelativistic limit. The different corrections to eigen-energies of particles of different nature are associated with the different behaviors of their wave functions around the mirror boundary.

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