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arXiv 2005.12406astro-ph.SR
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使用深度神经网络预测太阳活动周期25

Forecasting Solar Cycle 25 using Deep Neural Networks

B. Benson, W. D. Pan, A. Prasad, G. A. Gary, Q. Hu

摘要:

随着机器学习领域的最新进展,使用深度神经网络进行时间序列预测变得越来越普遍。太阳活动周期的准周期性质使其成为应用时间序列预测方法的良好候选者。我们使用WaveNet和LSTM神经网络的组合来预测1749年至2019年的太阳黑子数量,并使用1874年至2019年的时间序列数据来预测即将到来的太阳活动周期25的太阳黑子总面积。涉及使用LSTM和1D ConvNets的其他三个模型也与我们的最佳模型进行了比较。我们的分析表明,WaveNet和LSTM模型能够更好地捕捉整体趋势,并学习时间序列数据中固有的长期和短期依赖关系。利用这种方法,我们预测了11年的月平均数据的太阳活动周期25。我们的预测显示,即将到来的第25个太阳活动周期将有一个最大的太阳黑子数约106 $\pm$ 19.75和最大的太阳黑子总面积约1771 $\pm$ 381.17。这表明该周期将略弱于太阳活动周期24。

英文摘要:

With recent advances in the field of machine learning, the use of deep neural networks for time series forecasting has become more prevalent. The quasi-periodic nature of the solar cycle makes it a good candidate for applying time series forecasting methods. We employ a combination of WaveNet and LSTM neural networks to forecast the sunspot number using the years 1749 to 2019 and total sunspot area using the years 1874 to 2019 time series data for the upcoming Solar Cycle 25. Three other models involving the use of LSTMs and 1D ConvNets are also compared with our best model. Our analysis shows that the WaveNet and LSTM model is able to better capture the overall trend and learn the inherent long and short term dependencies in time series data. Using this method we forecast 11 years of monthly averaged data for Solar Cycle 25. Our forecasts show that the upcoming Solar Cycle 25 will have a maximum sunspot number around 106 $\pm$ 19.75 and maximum total sunspot area around 1771 $\pm$ 381.17. This indicates that the cycle would be slightly weaker than Solar Cycle 24.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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