用于空间天气预报的地基太阳观测
Ground-based Solar Observations for Space Weather Forecasting
摘要：
考虑了为提供空间天气预报而组织太阳活动观测服务的可能性。现阶段最有希望的是建立一个地面观测网络。这一网络应包括观测太阳大规模磁场的太阳磁象仪，以及用于探测日冕物质抛射和太阳耀斑的巡天光学望远镜。地磁观测数据提供了对周期性太阳风的评估。以连续模式运行的巡逻望远镜可以探测喷发时刻，并确定加速初始阶段的日冕物质抛射参数。网络服务可以补充无线电和光学波段的其他类型的观测。该文件考虑了观测工具的组成，以及预测方法和模型。
英文摘要：
The possibilities of organizing an observation service for solar activity in order to provide space weather forecasting are considered. The most promising at this stage is the creation of a ground-based observation network. Such a network should include solar magnetographs that provide observation of large-scale magnetic fields of the Sun, and patrol optical telescopes designed to detect coronal mass ejections and solar flares. The data of magnetographic observations provide an assessment of recurrent solar winds. Patrol telescopes operating in continuous mode allow detecting the moments of eruption and determining the parameters of coronal mass ejections at the initial stage of acceleration. The network service can be supplemented with other types of observations in the radio and optical bands. The paper considers the composition of observational tools, as well as methods and models for forecasting.
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