Nicholas M. Katz, Pham Huu Tiep
A certain "condition (S)" on reductive algebraic groups was introduced in [GT2], in which a slightly stronger condition (S+) was shown to have very strong consequences. We show that a wide class of Kloosterman and hypergeometric sheaves satisfy (S+). For this class of sheaves, we determine possible structure of their monodromy groups.
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In this paper we establish certain identities connecting $p$-adic hypergeometric functions with 4-th twisted Kloosterman sheaf sum. To prove these identities we express certain character sum over finite field in terms of special values of $p$-adic hypergeometric functions. One conjecture of Evans behaves as a bridge to connect $p$-adic hypergeometric functions with Kloosterman sheaf sum. We also connect $p$-adic hypergeometric functions with Fourier coefficients of certain modular forms.
We show that integral monodromy groups of Kloosterman $\ell$-adic sheaves of rank $n\ge 2$ on $\mathbb{G}_m/\mathbb{F}_q$ are as large as possible when the characteristic $\ell$ is large enough, depending only on the rank. This variant of Katz's results over $\mathbb{C}$ was known by works of Gabber, Larsen, Nori and Hall under restrictions such as $\ell$ large enough depending on $\operatorname{char}(\mathbb{F}_q)$ with an ineffective constant, which is unsuitable for applications. We use the theory of finite groups of Lie type to extend Katz's ideas, in particular the classification of maxim…
Deligne constructed a remarkable local system on $\bP^1-\{0,\infty\}$ attached to a family of Kloosterman sums. Katz calculated its monodromy and asked whether there are Kloosterman sheaves for general reductive groups and which automorphic forms should be attached to these local systems under the Langlands correspondence. Motivated by work of Gross and Frenkel-Gross we find an explicit family of such automorphic forms and even a simple family of automorphic sheaves in the framework of the geometric Langlands program. We use these automorphic sheaves to construct l-adic Kloosterman sheaves for…
Moments and Large Geometric Monodromy for Linearly Constrained Kloosterman Families
本文确定了线性约束 Kloosterman 族的顶权层的连通几何幺正群，通过四阶矩恒等式和射影射线论证，在无需有限群分类的情况下证明其为特殊线性群 SL_r(n)。
Euler characteristics of the generalized Kloosterman sheaves for symplectic and orthogonal groups
本文研究了 Yun 构造的广义 Kloosterman 层相关局部系统的单值性，计算了其在辛群与正交群标准表示下的欧拉示性数，为 Reeder-Yu 关于 epipelagic 表示 Langlands 参数预测的 Swan 导子猜想提供了证据。
Hypergeometric sheaves with tannakian monodromy group $G_2$
本文通过超几何和的傅里叶变换统一性结果，确定其单子群为 $G_2$。
We compute invariants of quadratic forms associated to orthogonal hypergeometric groups of degree five. This allows us to determine some commensurabilities between these groups, as well as to say when some thin groups cannot be conjugate to each other.
We give conditions under which the monodromy group of an $A$-hypergeometric system is invariant under modifications of the collection of characters $A$. The key ingredient is a Zariski--Lefschetz type theorem for principal $A$-determinants.
Hypergeometric sheaves and extraspecial groups in even characteristic
本文精确刻画了特征2下具有超特殊正规化子的不可约超几何层，解决了有限几何单值群情形下局部单值性判定的最后一例。
Cohomology of Linearly Constrained Kloosterman Families: Newton Polytopes, Weights, and Boundary Monodromy
本文研究线性约束 Kloosterman 指数和族的同调，通过 Newton 多面体分析确定权滤过与顶权秩，并借助中值卷积和四阶矩计算证明几何单群为特殊线性群。
We give a criterion which ensures that a group generated by Cartan involutions in the automorph group of a rational quadratic form of signature (n-1,1) is "thin", namely it is of infinite index in the latter. It is based on a graph defined on the integral Cartan root vectors, as well as Vinberg's theory of hyperbolic reflection groups. The criterion is shown to be robust for showing that many hyperbolic hypergeometric groups for n_F_(n-1) are thin.
We use hypergeometric sheaves on $G_m/F_q$, which are particular sorts of rigid local systems, to construct explicit local systems whose arithmetic and geometric monodromy groups are the finite general linear groups $GL_n(q)$ for any $n \ge 2$ and and any prime power $q$, so long as $q > 3$ when $n=2$. This paper continues a program of finding simple (in the sense of simple to remember) families of exponential sums whose monodromy groups are certain finite groups of Lie type, cf. [Gr], [KT1], [KT2], [KT3] for (certain) finite symplectic and unitary groups, or certain sporadic groups, cf. [KRL]…
We give a sufficient condition on a pair of (primitive) integral polynomials that the associated hypergeometric group (monodromy group of the corresponding hypergeometric differential equation) is an arithmetic subgroup of the integral symplectic group.
We construct explicit local systems on the affine line in characteristic $p>2$, whose geometric monodromy groups are the finite symplectic groups $Sp_{2n}(q)$ for all $n \ge 2$, and others whose geometric monodromy groups are the special unitary groups $SU_n(q)$ for all odd $n \ge 3$, and $q$ any power of $p$, in their total Weil representations. One principal merit of these local systems is that their associated trace functions are one-parameter families of exponential sums of a very simple, i.e., easy to remember, form. We also exhibit hypergeometric sheaves on $G_m$, whose geometric monodro…
Sketch of proof of a theorem relating the two subjects of the title. It can be thought as an extension of results of Landau for the classical hypergeometric function. It relies on the characterization of algebraic hypergeometric functions of Beukers and Heckman. In the process we also show that a variant of a classical construction of Bezout (producing a quadratic form, the Bezoutian, out of two polynomials in one variable) gives the Hermitian form fixed by the monodromy group, up to scaling.
We construct the Frobenius structure on a rigid connection $\mathrm{Be}_{\check{G}}$ on $\mathbb{G}_m$ for a split reductive group $\check{G}$ introduced by Frenkel-Gross. These data form a $\check{G}$-valued overconvergent $F$-isocrystal $\mathrm{Be}_{\check{G}}^{\dagger}$ on $\mathbb{G}_{m,\mathbb{F}_p}$, which is the $p$-adic companion of the Kloosterman $\check{G}$-local system $\mathrm{Kl}_{\check{G}}$ constructed by Heinloth-Ngô-Yun. By exploring the structure of the underlying differential equation, we calculate the monodromy group of $\mathrm{Be}_{\check{G}}^{\dagger}$ when $\check{G}$…
Finite hypergeometric functions are complex valued functions on finite fields which are the analogue of the classical analytic hypergeometric functions. From the work of N.M.Katz it follows that their values are traces of Frobenius on certain l-adic sheafs. More concretely, in many instances their values can be used to give formulas for pointcounts of F_q-rational points on certain varieties. In this paper we work out the case of one-variable functions whose monodromy in the analytic case can be defined over the rational integers.
We show that some hypergeometric monodromy groups in Sp(4,Z) split as free or amalgamated products and hence by cohomological considerations give examples of Zariski dense, non-arithmetic monodromy groups of real rank 2. In particular, we show that the monodromy of the natural quotient of the Dwork family of quintic threefolds in P^{4} splits as Z*Z/5. As a consequence, for a smooth quintic threefold X we show that a certain group of autoequivalences of the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves is an Artin group of dihedral type.
We first develop some basic facts about hypergeometric sheaves on the multiplicative group ${\mathbb G}_m$ in characteristic $p >0$. Certain of their Kummer pullbacks extend to irreducible local systems on the affine line in characteristic $p>0$. One of these, of rank $23$ in characteristic $p=3$, turns out to have the Conway group $\mathrm{Co}_2$, in its irreducible orthogonal representation of degree $23$, as its arithmetic and geometric monodromy groups.
We give a complete classification of a certain family of step functions related to the Nyman--Beurling approach to the Riemann hypothesis and previously studied by V. I. Vasyunin. Equivalently, we completely describe when certain sequences of ratios of factorial products are always integral. Essentially, once certain observations are made, this comes down to an application of Beukers and Heckman's classification of the monodromy of the hypergeometric function nF_{n-1}. We also note applications to the classification of cyclic quotient singularities.
We show that under certain general conditions, short sums of $\ell$-adic trace functions over finite fields follow a normal distribution asymptotically when the origin varies, generalizing results of Erdős-Davenport, Mak-Zaharescu and Lamzouri. In particular, this applies to exponential sums arising from Fourier transforms such as Kloosterman sums or Birch sums, as we can deduce from the works of Katz. By approximating the moments of traces of random matrices in monodromy groups, a quantitative version can be given as in Lamzouri's article, exhibiting a different phenomenon than the averaging …
Exceptional Sets for Certain ${}_2F_1$ Hypergeometric Functions
研究针对单值群为竹内I类算术三角群的\({}_2F_1(a,b,c;z)\)，利用超几何 - 模恒等式、Wüstholz关于阿贝尔簇周期的超越性结果及Schneider关于椭圆曲线\(j\)不变量代数值的经典结果，明确确定其例外集\(E(a,b,c)\)。
In the first three sections, we develop some basic facts about hypergeometric sheaves on the multiplicative group ${\mathbb G}_m$ in characteristic $p >0$. In the fourth and fifth sections, we specialize to quite special classses of hypergeomtric sheaves. We give relatively "simple" formulas for their trace functions, and a criterion for them to have finite monodromy. In the next section, we prove that three of them have finite monodromy groups.We then give some results on finite complex linear groups. We next use these group theoretic results to show that one of our local systems, of rank $24…
On Siegel's problem and Dwork's conjecture for $G$-functions
本文否定回答了G-函数的西格尔问题，构造出无穷多个非超几何代数拉回的几何秩二局部系统，为德沃克猜想提供新反例并回答了Krammer的问题。
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