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arXiv 2005.08391cs.DS
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在线多商品设施选址问题

The Online Multi-Commodity Facility Location Problem

Jannik Castenow, Björn Feldkord, Till Knollmann, Manuel Malatyali, Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide

摘要:

我们认为一个自然的扩展度量无容量限制的设施选址问题(FLP)中,要求不同的商品出一个有限的商品集$S$。Ravi和Sinha(SODA'04)将该模型称为多商品设施选址问题(MFLP),并将其视为离线优化问题。模型本身类似于FLP:即,请求位于有限度量空间的点处,并且算法的任务是构造设施并将请求分配给设施,同时最小化构造成本和所有分配距离上的总和。此外,请求和设施是异构的;它们从$S$中请求或提供多种商品。一个请求必须连接到一组共同提供其所需商品的设施。与FLP相比,算法不仅要决定是否和在哪里放置设施,而且还要决定在每个设施处提供哪些商品。据我们所知,我们是第一个研究这个问题的在线变体,其中请求,他们的位置和他们的商品是事先不知道的,但随着时间的推移而显示。我们目前的竞争比的结果。一方面,我们表明,异质性影响的竞争比,通过开发一个下界的竞争比任何随机在线算法的$Ω(\sqrt{|S|}+\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$,已经持有简单的线度量。这里,$n$是请求数。另一方面,我们建立了一个确定性的$O(\sqrt{|S|}\cdot\log n)$竞争算法和一个随机的$O(\sqrt{|S|}\cdot\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$竞争算法.此外,我们表明,当考虑一个更特殊的一类成本函数的设施的建设成本,我们的确定性算法取决于功能的竞争比下降。

英文摘要:

We consider a natural extension to the metric uncapacitated Facility Location Problem (FLP) in which requests ask for different commodities out of a finite set $S$ of commodities. Ravi and Sinha (SODA'04) introduced the model as the Multi-Commodity Facility Location Problem (MFLP) and considered it an offline optimization problem. The model itself is similar to the FLP: i.e., requests are located at points of a finite metric space and the task of an algorithm is to construct facilities and assign requests to facilities while minimizing the construction cost and the sum over all assignment distances. In addition, requests and facilities are heterogeneous; they request or offer multiple commodities out of $S$. A request has to be connected to a set of facilities jointly offering the commodities demanded by it. In comparison to the FLP, an algorithm has to decide not only if and where to place facilities, but also which commodities to offer at each. To the best of our knowledge we are the first to study the problem in its online variant in which requests, their positions and their commodities are not known beforehand but revealed over time. We present results regarding the competitive ratio. On the one hand, we show that heterogeneity influences the competitive ratio by developing a lower bound on the competitive ratio for any randomized online algorithm of $Ω(\sqrt{|S|}+\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$ that already holds for simple line metrics. Here, $n$ is the number of requests. On the other side, we establish a deterministic $O(\sqrt{|S|}\cdot\log n)$-competitive algorithm and a randomized $O(\sqrt{|S|}\cdot\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$-competitive algorithm. Further, we show that when considering a more special class of cost functions for the construction cost of a facility, the competitive ratio decreases given by our deterministic algorithm depending on the function.

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