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arXiv 2005.06948cond-mat.softphysics.flu-dyn
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强制筒仓排放中的速度分布

Velocity profiles in forced silo discharges

Marcos A. Madrid, Luis A. Pugnaloni

摘要:

当颗粒状物料通过底部的孔口从筒仓中自由排出时,流量在整个排出过程中保持恒定。然而,最近已经表明,如果通过超重迫使排放,则流速在排放的最后阶段增加,这与粘性流体形成鲜明对比[Madrid等人,Europhys. Lett.(2018年)]。虽然已经讨论了驱动这种流速增加的一般机制,但是关于这种现象仍然存在许多悬而未决的问题。一个这样的问题是,除了与增加的流速一致的微不足道的总体增加之外,内部速度分布受影响的程度。本文采用离散元法模拟了筒仓强制泄流时的内部流速分布,并与自由泄流时的内部流速分布进行了比较。速度剖面的变化有些微妙。有趣的是,在自由放电,而速度分布是稳定的筒仓基地和以上的高度相当于一个筒仓直径,存在一个过渡区,其中的轮廓演变的时间,尽管恒定的流速。与此相反,强制放电目前稳定的配置文件在所有高度的颗粒柱在初始恒定流阶段,随后由整体增加的速度时,加速阶段的发展。

英文摘要:

When a granular material is freely discharged from a silo through an orifice at its base, the flow rate remains constant throughout the discharge. However, it has been recently shown that, if the discharge is forced by an overweight, the flow rate increases at the final stages of the discharge, in striking contrast to viscous fluids [Madrid et al. Europhys. Lett. (2018)]. {Although the general mechanism that drives this increase in the flow rate has been discussed, there exist yet a number of open questions regarding this phenomenon. One such questions is to what extent is the internal velocity profile affected, beyond the trivial overall increase consistent with the increasing flow rate.} We study via Discrete Element Method simulations the internal velocity profiles during forced silo discharges and compare them with those of free discharges. The changes in velocity profiles are somewhat subtle. Interestingly, during free discharges, while the velocity profiles are steady at the silo base and above a height equivalent to one silo diameter, there exists a transition region where the profile evolves in time, despite the constant flow rate. In contrast, forced discharges present steady profiles at all heights of the granular column during the initial constant flow phase, followed by an overall increase of the velocities when the acceleration phase develops.

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