软球通过窄孔的间歇流动和瞬态湍流
Intermittent flow and transient congestions of soft spheres passing narrow orifices
摘要：
软，低摩擦颗粒在筒仓中显示出独特的功能，在其排放。出料速度和堵塞概率均取决于瞬时料仓填充高度，与填充硬颗粒的料仓形成鲜明对比。原因是节流孔处的压力依赖于填充高度。我们研究了软水凝胶球的筒仓排放的统计。流出被发现变得越来越波动，甚至间歇性与减小孔口尺寸，并与降低填充高度。在小于两个颗粒直径的孔中，流出可以完全停止，但与刚性颗粒形成的堵塞相反，这些堵塞物可以自发溶解。我们分析了这种非永久性收缩，并将其归因于容器中的缓慢重组过程，这是由材料的粘弹性引起的。
英文摘要：
Soft, low-friction particles in silos show peculiar features during their discharge. The outflow velocity and the clogging probability both depend upon the momentary silo fill height, in sharp contrast to silos filled with hard particles. The reason is the fill-height dependence of the pressure at the orifice. We study the statistics of silo discharge of soft hydrogel spheres. The outflow is found to become increasingly fluctuating and even intermittent with decreasing orifice size, and with decreasing fill height. In orifices narrower than two particle diameters, outflow can stop completely, but in contrast to clogs formed by rigid particles, these congestions may dissolve spontaneously. We analyze such non-permanent congestions and attribute them to slow reorganization processes in the container, caused by viscoelasticity of the material.
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