颗粒流通过孔的压力无关性
Pressure independence of granular flow through an aperture
摘要：
我们的实验表明，颗粒材料通过孔的流速是由施加到颗粒的出口速度，而不是由在基地的压力控制，相反，通常是假设在以前的作品。这一结果是通过研究单一尺寸圆盘的密相填料通过孔口的排放过程而实现的。流动由传送带驱动。这种二维水平设置允许分离压力和速度，因此，独立地控制盘逃离水平筒仓的速度和孔附近的压力。发现流速与带速度成正比，与容器中的盘的量无关，因此与出口区域中的压力无关。此外，这种特定的实验配置使得可以从卸载后搁置在传送带上的盘的单个图像获得关于系统动态的信息。
英文摘要：
We experimentally demonstrate that the flow rate of granular material through an aperture is controlled by the exit velocity imposed to the particles and not by the pressure at the base, contrary to what is often assumed in previous works. This result is achieved by studying the discharge process of a dense packing of monosized disks through an orifice. The flow is driven by a conveyor belt. This two-dimensional horizontal setup allows to uncouple pressure and velocity and, therefore, to independently control the velocity at which the disks escape the horizontal silo and the pressure in the vicinity of the aperture. The flow rate is found to be directly proportional to the belt velocity, independent of the amount of disks in the container and, thus, independent of the pressure in the outlet region. In addition, this specific experimental configuration makes it possible to get information on the system dynamics from a single image of the disks that rest on the conveyor belt after the discharge.
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