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arXiv 2004.13199astro-ph.EPphysics.flu-dynphysics.space-ph
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通过观测数据模拟确定彗星表面发射分布的局限性--基于Rosetta观测的个例研究

Limitations in the determination of surface emission distributions on comets through modelling of observational data -- A case study based on Rosetta observations

Raphael Marschall, Ying Liao, Nicolas Thomas, Jong-Shinn Wu

摘要:

欧洲航天局(ESA)的罗塞塔任务已经返回了67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko彗星内部气体昏迷测量的大量数据集。这些测量结果已被不同的小组用来确定原子核表面的气体源分布。已经发现的解决方案彼此之间存在很大差异,并说明了这个问题的退化。这是这项工作的目的,探索目前的气体模型的局限性,在连接的彗发测量的表面。特别是,我们讨论了罗塞塔的ROSINA/COPS,VIRTIS和MIRO仪器的灵敏度,以区分巨大不同的空间分布的气体排放从表面。我们已经应用了最先进的3D DSMC气体动力学代码来模拟不同模型的内部气体彗发,这些模型在包含冰的表面的分数和不同大小的活动补丁中有所不同。这些不同的分布导致射流相互作用的动力学行为不同。我们发现ROSINA/COPS测量本身无法检测到我们模型中的差异。虽然ROSINA/COPS测量对限制气体排放的区域不均匀性很重要,但它们本身无法确定气体源的表面排放分布,空间精度超过几百米(400米)。因此,任何适合ROSINA/COPS测量的解都是从根本上退化的,无论是通过正向模型还是反向模型。只有其他具有互补测量的仪器才有可能提升这种简并性,正如我们在这里展示的VIRTIS和MIRO。最后,作为一个副产品,我们已经探讨了我们的活动分布在表面的横向流动,可能是负责一些观察到的风成特征的影响。

英文摘要:

The European Space Agency's (ESA) Rosetta mission has returned a vast data set of measurements of the inner gas coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. These measurements have been used by different groups to determine the distribution of the gas sources at the nucleus surface. The solutions that have been found differ from each other substantially and illustrate the degeneracy of this issue. It is the aim of this work to explore the limitations that current gas models have in linking the coma measurements to the surface. In particular, we discuss the sensitivity of Rosetta's ROSINA/COPS, VIRTIS, and MIRO instruments to differentiate between vastly different spatial distributions of the gas emission from the surface. We have applied a state of the art 3D DSMC gas dynamics code to simulate the inner gas coma of different models that vary in the fraction of the surface that contains ice and in different sizes of active patches. These different distributions result in jet interactions that differ in their dynamical behaviour. We have found that ROSINA/COPS measurements by themselves cannot detect the differences in our models. While ROSINA/COPS measurements are important to constrain the regional inhomogeneities of the gas emission, they can by themselves not determine the surface emission distribution of the gas sources to a spatial accuracy of better than a few hundred metres (400 m). Any solutions fitting the ROSINA/COPS measurements is hence fundamentally degenerate, be it through a forward or inverse model. Only other instruments with complementary measurements can potentially lift this degeneracy as we show here for VIRTIS and MIRO. Finally, as a by-product, we have explored the effect of our activity distributions on lateral flow at the surface that may be responsible for some of the observed aeolian features.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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