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arXiv 1001.3010astro-ph.EP
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67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko彗星尘埃环境模拟

Dust Environment Modelling of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Jessica Agarwal, Michael Mueller, Eberhard Gruen

摘要:

尘埃是彗星彗发的一个重要组成部分;对尘埃的分析是欧空局罗塞塔67 P/丘留莫夫-格拉西缅科彗星(C-G)飞行任务的主要目标之一。罗塞塔号上的几台仪器致力于研究彗星昏迷中尘埃的各个方面,所有这些都需要一定程度的尘埃暴露才能实现目标。与此同时,尘埃颗粒的撞击可能对航天器构成危险。为了协调尘埃收集仪器和航天器安全的要求,甚至在罗塞塔到达之前,就需要评估昏迷中的尘埃环境。本文介绍了67 P/C-G尘埃彗发的模拟现状,并预测了彗发中尘埃的速度和通量,尘埃对航天器沿样品轨道的注量,以及彗发中的辐射环境。当观测揭示了更多的彗发细节时,模型将需要改进。本文概述了67 P/C-G的天文观测资料,并在可能的情况下,从这些资料中导出了模型参数。对于67 P/C-G尚未测量的量,我们使用其他彗星的测量值。最重要和最有争议的参数之一是尘埃质量分布。本文总结了1986年在1 P/Halley彗星上进行的现场测量所得到的质量分布函数。对于67 P/C-G,目前只能通过分析天文图像来限制质量分布。我们发现,从这样的分析结果是目前相当异构,我们确定需要找到一个模型,是调和与所有可用的观察。

英文摘要:

Dust is an important constituent in cometary comae; its analysis is one of the major objectives of ESA's Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (C-G). Several instruments aboard Rosetta are dedicated to studying various aspects of dust in the cometary coma, all of which require a certain level of exposure to dust to achieve their goals. At the same time, impacts of dust particles can constitute a hazard to the spacecraft. To conciliate the demands of dust collection instruments and spacecraft safety, it is desirable to assess the dust environment in the coma even before the arrival of Rosetta. We describe the present status of modelling the dust coma of 67P/C-G and predict the speed and flux of dust in the coma, the dust fluence on a spacecraft along sample trajectories, and the radiation environment in the coma. The model will need to be refined when more details of the coma are revealed by observations. An overview of astronomical observations of 67P/C-G is given and model parameters are derived from these data where possible. For quantities not yet measured for 67P/C-G, we use values obtained for other comets. One of the most important and most controversial parameters is the dust mass distribution. We summarise the mass distribution functions derived from the in-situ measurements at comet 1P/Halley in 1986. For 67P/C-G, constraining the mass distribution is currently only possible by the analysis of astronomical images. We find that the results from such analyses are at present rather heterogeneous, and we identify a need to find a model that is reconcilable with all available observations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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