Probing the core of the strong nuclear interaction
A. Schmidt, J. R. Pybus, R. Weiss, E. P. Segarra, A. Hrnjic, A. Denniston, O. Hen, E. Piasetzky, L. B. Weinstein, N. Barnea, M. Strikman, A. Larionov, D. Higinb… 展开作者
A. Schmidt, J. R. Pybus, R. Weiss, E. P. Segarra, A. Hrnjic, A. Denniston, O. Hen, E. Piasetzky, L. B. Weinstein, N. Barnea, M. Strikman, A. Larionov, D. Higinbotham, S. Adhikari, M. Amaryan, G. Angelini, G. Asryan, H. Atac, H. Avakian, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, L. Baashen, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, A. Beck, I. Bedlinskiy, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, F. Bossu, S. Biarinov, W. J. Briscoe, W. Brooks, V. D. Burkert, F. Cao, D. S. Carman, J. C. Carvajal, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, E. Cohen, P. L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, R. Cruz-Torres, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, M. Defurne, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, M. Duer, M. Dugger, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, A. Filippi, T. A. Forest, G. Gavalian, S. Gilad, G. P. Gilfoyle, K. L. Giovanetti, F. X. Girod, C. Giuseppe, D. I. Glazier, E. Golovatch, R. W. Gothe, K. A. Griffioen, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, T. B. Hayward, K. Hicks, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, I. Illari, D. Ireland, B. S. Ishkanov, E. L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. S. Jo, K. Joo, D. Keller, M. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, M. Khandaker, C. W. Kim, W. Kim, F. J. Klein, I. Korover, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, M. Leali, P. Lenisa, I. J. D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, N. Markov, L. Marsicano, V. Mascagna, S. May-Tal Beck, B. McKinnon, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, C. Munoz Camacho, B. Mustapha, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Nanda, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A. I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, L. L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, M. Patsyuk, W. Phelps, O. Pogorelko, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, M. Ripani, D. Riser, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Rossi, F. Sabatie, C. Salgado, B. Schmookler, R. A. Schumacher, Y. G. Sharabian, U. Shrestha, Iu. Skorodumina, D. Sokhan, O. Soto, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, J. A. Tan, N. Tyler, M. Ungaro, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, R. Wang, D. P. Watts, X. Wei, M. H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, Z. W. Zhao, X. Zheng
The strong nuclear interaction between nucleons (protons and neutrons) is the effective force that holds the atomic nucleus together. This force stems from fundamental interactions between quarks and gluons (the constituents of nucleons) that are described by the equations of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). However, as these equations cannot be solved directly, physicists resort to describing nuclear interactions using effective models that are well constrained at typical inter-nucleon distances in nuclei but not at shorter distances. This limits our ability to describe high-density nuclear matter such as in the cores of neutron stars. Here we use high-energy electron scattering measurements that isolate nucleon pairs in short-distance, high-momentum configurations thereby accessing a kinematical regime that has not been previously explored by experiments, corresponding to relative momenta above 400 MeV/c. As the relative momentum between two nucleons increases and their separation thereby decreases, we observe a transition from a spin-dependent tensor-force to a predominantly spin-independent scalar-force. These results demonstrate the power of using such measurements to study the nuclear interaction at short-distances and also support the use of point-like nucleons with two- and three-body effective interactions to describe nuclear systems up to densities several times higher than the central density of atomic nuclei.
Probing pre-formed alpha particles in the ground state of nuclei
在这封信中，我们报告的α粒子发射通过核分裂反应40Ca在40Ca靶在50 A MeV。据观察，与核子类似，α粒子在反应过程中可以以非常特定的角分布发射到连续谱中。α粒子的性质可以理解为子核中的α团簇受到碰撞伙伴的短程核吸引力的扰动而发射。描述α粒子波函数演化的含时理论能够定性地再现所观察到的角分布。这一机制为研究α粒子在核介质中的性质提供了新的可能性。
Probing Nuclear Structure with Kaonic Atoms through E2 Resonance Mixing
Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN（弗拉斯卡蒂国家实验室）；University of Palermo（巴勒莫大学）；University of Zagreb（萨格勒布大学）；Czech Technical University in Prague（捷克理工大学）；Jagiellonian University（雅盖隆大学）；Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）；Tohoku University（东北大学）
Probing Ultralight Dark Matter at the Mega-Planck Scale with the Thorium Nuclear Clock
University of Delaware（特拉华大学）；High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构）；JILA, NIST and University of Colorado（JILA、美国国家标准与技术研究院和科罗拉多大学）；University of Colorado（科罗拉多大学）；Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY（德国电子同步辐射研究所）；Leibniz Universität Hannover（汉诺威莱布尼茨大学）；Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）；Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt（德国物理技术联邦研究院）
Probing the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy through isospin transport in heavy-ion reactions
Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre（可变能量回旋加速器中心）；Homi Bhabha National Institute（霍米·巴巴国立研究所）；Université de Caen Normandie（诺曼底卡昂大学）；ENSICAEN（恩西曹昂高等师范学院）；CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen（法国国家科学研究中心/法国原子能和替代能源委员会，卡昂低能物理实验室）；Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)（法兰西学院）；Grand Accelerateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL)（重离子大加速器（GANIL））；CEA/DRF - CNRS/IN2P3（法国原子能和替代能源委员会/法国国家科学研究中心-法国原子能和替代能源委员会）
Probing the electroweak structure of nuclei with rare atoms and molecules
Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）；TRIUMF（特利昂夫）；McGill University（麦吉尔大学）；Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）
