利用稀有原子和分子探测原子核的电弱结构
Probing the electroweak structure of nuclei with rare atoms and molecules
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文综述利用稀有原子、分子的精密实验探测原子核电弱结构及超出标准模型新物理的方法，结合技术进展开辟新前沿，指出理论解读精度瓶颈并提出协同进步的机遇。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
原子与分子的精密实验已成为探测原子核电弱结构及超出标准模型新物理的有力手段。本文综述如何利用原子核与其周围束缚电子的相互作用，精确测量原子核及其基本组分的电磁性质、宇称破坏性质和电荷共轭宇称破坏性质；重点关注稀有不稳定同位素，梳理近年来为将这些测量拓展至核素图最奇特区域所开发的实验技术与设施。近期，对单分子的精密操控与 interrogation（注：此处保留专业术语，可译为“探测”）技术的进步，结合核跃迁的直接激光激发，正在开辟核物理与粒子物理的新前沿。与此同时，核理论、机器学习和高性能计算的进展，正强化我们对自然的微观描述与实验室可观测量之间的联系。在许多情况下，提取核与粒子物理性质的精度如今不再受实验限制，而是受用于解读测量结果的分子、原子或核理论的限制。这一挑战为理论与实验的协同进步提供了重大机遇，将助力未来的发现。
英文摘要
Precision experiments of atoms and molecules have become a powerful probe of the electroweak structure of atomic nuclei and of physics beyond the Standard Model. We review how the interaction between a nucleus and its surrounding bound electrons can be exploited to precisely measure the electromagnetic, parity-violating, and CP-violating properties of nuclei and their fundamental constituents. We focus on rare, unstable isotopes, surveying the experimental techniques and facilities developed in recent years that have extended these measurements to the most exotic regions of the nuclear chart. Recent advances in the precision control and interrogation of single molecules, together with direct laser excitation of nuclear transitions, are opening new frontiers in nuclear and particle physics. At the same time, progress in nuclear theory, machine learning, and high-performance computing is strengthening the connection between our microscopic description of nature and laboratory observables. In many cases, the precision with which nuclear and particle physics properties can be extracted is now limited not by experiment, but by the molecular, atomic, or nuclear theory required to interpret the measurements. This challenge presents a major opportunity for combined theoretical and experimental advances that will enable future discoveries.
发表机构
- Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）
- Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）
- TRIUMF（特利昂夫）
- McGill University（麦吉尔大学）
- Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
