arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2004.06491cond-mat.stat-mechmath-phmath.MP
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结构形成系统热力学

Thermodynamics of structure-forming systems

Jan Korbel, Simon David Lindner, Rudolf Hanel, Stefan Thurner

摘要:

结构形成系统在自然界中是普遍存在的,从原子构建分子到胶体两亲粒子的自组装。对这些系统的基本热力学的理解仍然是一个重要的问题。在这里,我们推导出的熵的结构形成系统,不同于玻尔兹曼-吉布斯熵的一个术语,明确捕捉集群状态。对于大系统和低浓度,该方法是等效的巨正则系综,对于小系统,我们发现显着的偏差。我们导出了结构形成系统的详细涨落定理和Crooks功涨落定理。粒子自组装理论的连接进行了讨论。我们将结果应用于几个物理系统。本文给出了用Kern-Frenkel势描述的片状粒子的相图。我们证明了具有分子结构的Curie-Weiss模型存在一级相变。

英文摘要:

Structure-forming systems are ubiquitous in nature, ranging from atoms building molecules to self-assembly of colloidal amphibolic particles. The understanding of the underlying thermodynamics of such systems remains an important problem. Here we derive the entropy for structure-forming systems that differs from Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy by a term that explicitly captures clustered states. For large systems and low concentrations, the approach is equivalent to the grand-canonical ensemble; for small systems, we find significant deviations. We derive the detailed fluctuation theorem and Crooks' work fluctuation theorem for structure-forming systems. The connection to the theory of particle self-assembly is discussed. We apply the results to several physical systems. We present the phase diagram for patchy particles described by the Kern-Frenkel potential. We show that the Curie-Weiss model with molecule structures exhibits a first-order phase transition.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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