Toric 3-folds defined by quadratic binomials

Toric Fano 3-folds with terminal singularities

This paper classifies all toric Fano 3-folds with terminal singularities. This is achieved by solving the equivalent combinatoric problem; that of finding, up to the action of GL(3,Z), all convex polytopes in Z^3 which contain the origin as the only non-vertex lattice point.

Projective normality of toric 3-folds with non-big adjoint hyperplane sections, II

Let $(X, A)$ be a nonsingular polarized toric 3-fold. We show that if the adjoint bundle of $A$ has no glabal section, then all ample line bundles on $X$ are normally generated. Even if the adjoint bundle is effective, if it is not big, then it is shown the normal generation. In particular, we show that all ample line bundles on a nonsingular toric Fano 3-fold are normally generated.

Arithmetical rank of toric ideals associated to graphs

Let $I_{G} \subset K[x_{1},...,x_{m}]$ be the toric ideal associated to a finite graph $G$. In this paper we study the binomial arithmetical rank and the $G$-homogeneous arithmetical rank of $I_G$ in 2 cases: $G$ is bipartite, $I_G$ is generated by quadratic binomials. In both cases we prove that the binomial arithmetical rank and the $G$-arithmetical rank coincide with the minimal number of generators of $I_G$.

定义非奇异环三维簇的理想的二次生成

Quadratic generation of ideals defining nonsigular toric 3-folds

针对两类非奇异环三维簇上的丰富线丛，证明其射影正规嵌入对应的理想可由二次元素生成。

The classification of smooth toric weakened Fano 3-folds

We completely classify toric weakened Fano 3-folds, that is, smooth toric weak Fano 3-folds which are not Fano but are deformed to smooth Fano 3-folds. There exist exactly 15 toric weakened Fano 3-folds up to isomorphisms.

Smooth toric Fano five-folds of index two

In this paper, we classify smooth toric Fano 5-folds of index 2. There exist exactly 10 smooth toric Fano 5-folds of index 2 up to isomorphisms.

Projective normality of nonsingular toric varieties of dimension three

We show that if an ample line bundle L on a nonsingular toric 3-fold satisfies h^0(L+2K)=0, then L is normally generated. As an application, we show that the anti-canonical divisor on a nonsingular toric Fano 4-fold is normally generated.

Remarks on abelian surfaces in nonsingular toric Fano 4-folds

In this paper, we investigate whether the 124 nonsingular toric Fano 4-folds admit totally nondegenerate embeddings from abelian surfaces or not. As a result, we determine the possibilities for such embeddings except for the remaining 21 nonsingular toric Fano 4-folds.

Classification of Toric 2-Fano 4-folds

In this notes we classify toric Fano 4-folds having positive second Chern Character.

Conifold degenerations of Fano 3-folds as hypersurfaces in toric varieties

There exist exactly 166 4-dimensional reflexive polytopes such that the corresponding 4-dimensional Gorenstein toric Fano varieties have at worst terminal singularities in codimension 3 and their anticanonical divisor is divisible by 2. For every such a polytope, one naturally obtains a family of Fano hypersurfaces X with at worst conifold singularities. A generic 3-dimensional Fano hypersurface X can be interpreted as a flat conifold degeneration of some smooth Fano 3-folds Y whose classification up to deformation was obtained by Iskovskikh, Mori and Mukai. In this case, both Fano varieties X…

Classification of toric Fano 5-folds

We obtain 866 isomorphism classes of five-dimensional nonsingular toric Fano varieties using a computer program and the database of four-dimensional reflexive polytopes. The algorithm is based on the existence of facets of Fano polytopes having small integral distance from any vertex.

Numerical obstructions to abelian surfaces in toric Fano 4-fold

This paper is withdrawn because it is superseded by arXiv:0710.4284

On the Equations Defining Toric L.C.I. Singularities

Based on Nakajima's Classification Theorem we describe the precise form of the binomial equations which determine toric locally complete intersection ("l.c.i'') singularities.

Nef and big divisors on toric weak Fano 3-folds

We show that a nef and big line bundle whose adjoint bundle has non-zero global sections on a nonsingular toric weak Fano 3-fold is normally generated. As a consequence, we see that all ample line bundles on a nonsingular toric weak Fano 3-fold are normally generated. We also show that an ample line bundle whose adjoint bundle has non-zero global sections on a Gorensein toric Fano 3-fold is normally generated. In our proof we do not use full classifications of Fano polytopes.

Numerical obstructions to abelian surfaces in toric Fano 4-folds

Some of the 124 toric Fano 4-folds contain abelian surfaces but most do not: in a few cases it is not known whether they do or not. By elementary methods, with a little computer help, we exclude some more possibilities.

Derived Categories of Toric Fano 3-Folds via the Frobenius Morphism

In a work of Costa and Miró-Roig state the following conjecture: Every smooth complete toric Fano variety has a full strongly exceptional collection of line bundles. The goal of this article is to prove it for toric Fano 3-folds.

Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for toric 3-folds

We prove the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory of a nonsingular toric 3-fold X with primary insertions is equivalent to the equivariant Donaldson-Thomas theory of X. As a corollary, the topological vertex calculations by Agangic, Klemm, Marino, and Vafa of the Gromov-Witten theory of local Calabi-Yau toric 3-folds are proven to be correct in the full 3-leg setting.

Abelian surfaces in toric 4-folds

We investigate the possibility of embedding minimal abelian surfaces in smooth toric 4-folds with Picard number 2. The existence of such an embedding imposes conditions on the 4-fold, which we partly describe. On the other hand, we exhibit such embeddings in a special case, using a simple description of morphisms into smooth toric varieties.

Terminal toric Fano three-folds with certain numerical conditions

We completely classify the Q-factorial terminal toric Fano three-folds such that the sum of the squared torus invariant prime divisors is non-negative.

Descendent theory for stable pairs on toric 3-folds

We prove the rationality of the descendent partition function for stable pairs on nonsingular toric 3-folds. The method uses a geometric reduction of the 2- and 3-leg descendent vertices to the 1-leg case. As a consequence, we prove the rationality of the relative stable pairs partition functions for all log Calabi-Yau geometries of the form (X,K3) where X is a nonsingular toric 3-fold.

Classifying toric 3-fold codes of dimensions 4 and 5

A toric code is an error-correcting code determined by a toric variety or its associated integral convex polytope. We investigate $4$- and $5$-dimensional toric $3$-fold codes, which are codes arising from polytopes in $\mathbf{R}^3$ with four and five lattice points, respectively. By computing the minimum distances of each code, we fully classify the $4$-dimensional codes. We further present progress toward the same goal for dimension $5$ codes. In particular, we classify the $5$-dimensional toric $3$-fold codes arising from polytopes of width 1.

A sufficient condition for a toric weak Fano 4-fold to be deformed to a Fano manifold

In this paper, we introduce the notion of toric special weak Fano manifolds, which have only special primitive crepant contractions. We study the structure of them, and in particular completely classify smooth toric special weak Fano 4-folds. As a result, we can confirm that almost every smooth toric special weak Fano 4-fold is a weakened Fano manifold, that is, a weak Fano manifold which can be deformed to a Fano manifold.

Virasoro constraints for stable pairs on toric 3-folds

Using new explicit formulas for the stationary GW/PT descendent correspondence for nonsingular projective toric 3-folds, we show that the correspondence intertwines the Virasoro constraints in Gromov-Witten theory for stable maps with the Virasoro constraints for stable pairs. Since the Virasoro constraints in Gromov-Witten theory are known to hold in the toric case, we establish the stationary Virasoro constraints for the theory of stable pairs on toric 3-folds. As a consequence, new Virasoro constraints for tautological integrals over Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces are also obtained.

Kanev and Todorov surfaces in toric 3-folds

In the first part of this article we show for some examples of surfaces of general type in toric 3-folds how to construct minimal and canonical models by toric methods explicitly. The examples we study turn out to be surfaces of general type, namely so called Kanev surfaces and Todorov surfaces. We show how properties of our examples of surfaces could be derived directly from properties of some polytopes and we compute the singularities of their canonical models.

某些环面纤维化3维流形上的丰富线丛

Ample line bundles on certain toric fibered 3-folds

本文研究具有到射影直线的满射环面等变态射的射影非奇异环面3维流形，证明了其上的丰富线丛总是正规生成。

On Equivariant Elliptic Genera of Toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds

We show that equivariant elliptic genera of toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds are generalized weak Jacobi forms. We also introduce a notion of averaged equivariant elliptic genera of toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds, and show that they are ordinary weak Jacobi forms given by an explicit formula predicted by Eguchi and Sugawara.

On the birational geometry of toric Fano 4-folds

We announce a factorization result for equivariant birational morphisms between toric 4-folds whose source is Fano: such a morphism is always a composite of blow-ups along smooth invariant centers. Moreover, we show with a counterexample that, differently from the 3-dimensional case, even if both source and target are Fano, the intermediate varieties can not be chosen Fano.

Hadamard Products and Binomial Ideals

We study the Hadamard product of two varieties $V$ and $W$, with particular attention to the situation when one or both of $V$ and $W$ is a binomial variety. The main result of this paper shows that when $V$ and $W$ are both binomial varieties, and the binomials that define $V$ and $W$ have the same binomial exponents, then the defining equations of $V \star W$ can be computed explicitly and directly from the defining equations of $V$ and $W$. This result recovers known results about Hadamard products of binomial hypersurfaces and toric varieties. Moreover, as an application of our main result…

On toric geometry and K-stability of Fano varieties

We present some applications of the deformation theory of toric Fano varieties to K-(semi/poly)stability of Fano varieties. First, we present two examples of K-polystable toric Fano 3-fold with obstructed deformations. In one case, the K-moduli spaces and stacks are reducible near the closed point associated to the toric Fano 3-fold, while in the other they are non-reduced near the closed point associated to the toric Fano 3-fold. Second, we study K-stability of the general members of two deformation families of smooth Fano 3-folds by building degenerations to K-polystable toric Fano 3-folds.

Picard group of hypersurfaces in toric 3-folds

We show that the usual sufficient criterion for a generic hypersurface in a smooth projective manifold to have the same Picard number as the ambient variety can be generalized to hypersurfaces in complete simplicial toric varieties. This sufficient condition is always satisfied by generic K3 surfaces embedded in Fano toric 3-folds.

Toric Cubes

A toric cube is a subset of the standard cube defined by binomial inequalities. These basic semialgebraic sets are precisely the images of standard cubes under monomial maps. We study toric cubes from the perspective of topological combinatorics. Explicit decompositions as CW-complexes are constructed. Their open cells are interiors of toric cubes and their boundaries are subcomplexes. The motivating example of a toric cube is the edge-product space in phylogenetics, and our work generalizes results known for that space.

Mirror Symmetry and smoothing Gorenstein toric affine 3-folds

We state two conjectures that together allow one to describe the set of smoothing components of a Gorenstein toric affine 3-fold in terms of a combinatorially defined and easily studied set of Laurent polynomials called 0-mutable polynomials. We explain the origin of the conjectures in mirror symmetry and present some of the evidence.

On binomial set-theoretic complete intersections in characteristic p

Using aritmethic conditions on affine semigroups we prove that for a simplicial toric variety of codimension 2 the property of being a set-theoretic complete intersection on binomials in characteristic $p$ holds either for all primes $p$, or for no prime $p$, or for exactly one prime $p$.

光滑化Gorenstein环面Fano 3-簇

Smoothing Gorenstein toric Fano 3-folds

该研究针对三维自反多面体提出可容许闵可夫斯基分解数据的组合概念，证明其可确定对应Gorenstein环面Fano 3-簇的光滑化，并给出计算该光滑化贝蒂数的有效方法。

Canonical vertex formalism in DT theory of toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds

Motivated by previous computations of Y. Cao, M. Kool and the author, we propose square roots and sign rules for the vertex and edge terms that compute Donaldson-Thomas invariants of a toric Calabi-Yau 4-fold, and prove that they are canonical, exploiting the combinatorics of plane and solid partitions.

环面簇的像与弱Fano三维流形的放大自同态

Images of toric variety and amplified endomorphism of weak Fano threefolds

证明Picard秩为2的弱Fano三维流形若为射影环面簇的像则是环面的，并证明具有放大自同态的此类流形也是环面的。

四维晶体熔化、环面 Calabi-Yau 4-流形与 Brane Brick 模型

4d Crystal Melting, Toric Calabi-Yau 4-Folds and Brane Brick Models

本文提出四维晶体熔化模型，利用 brane brick 模型与周期箭图计数环面 CY 4-流形上的 BPS 束缚态，并以 C4 上 D0-D8 系统验证。

D-critical loci for local toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds

The notion of a d-critical locus is an ingredient in the definition of motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants by [BJM19]. There is a canonical d-critical locus structure on the Hilbert scheme of dimension zero subschemes on local toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds. This is obtained by truncating the $-1$-shifted symplectic structure on the derived moduli stack [BBBBJ15]. In this paper we show the canonical d-critical locus structure has critical charts consistent with the description of Hilbert scheme as a degeneracy locus [BBS13]. In particular, the canonical d-critical locus structure is isomorphic to th…

Gromov-Witten/Pairs descendent correspondence for toric 3-folds

We construct a fully equivariant correspondence between Gromov-Witten and stable pairs descendent theories for toric 3-folds X. Our method uses geometric constraints on descendents, A_n surfaces, and the topological vertex. The rationality of the stable pairs descendent theory plays a crucial role in the definition of the correspondence. We prove our correspondence has a non-equivariant limit. As a result of the construction, we prove an explicit non-equivariant stationary descendent correspondence for X (conjectured previously by MNOP). Using descendent methods, we establish the relative GW/P…

Minimal set of binomial generators for certain Veronese 3-fold projections

The goal of this paper is to explicitly describe a minimal binomial generating set of a class of lattice ideals, namely the ideal of certain Veronese $3$-fold projections. More precisely, for any integer $d\ge 4$ and any $d$-th root $e$ of 1 we denote by $X_d$ the toric variety defined as the image of the morphism $φ_{T_d}:\mathbb{P}^3 \longrightarrow \mathbb{P}^{μ(T_d)-1}$ where $T_d$ are all monomials of degree $d$ in $k[x,y,z,t]$ invariant under the action of the diagonal matrix $M(1,e,e^2,e^3).$ In this work, we describe a $\mathbb{Z}$-basis of the lattice $L_{η}$ associated to $I(X_d)$ as…

正常环面3- fold及某些其他概形上的向量丛

Vector bundles on proper toric 3-folds and certain other schemes

本研究证明满足特定修改条件的n维正常代数概形（含非射影情形）存在秩为n且顶陈数任意大的非平凡向量丛，应用于环面簇得出三维正常环面簇均有秩3的这类向量丛，并刻画了适用该结果的高维环面簇类。

Brane Brick Models, Toric Calabi-Yau 4-Folds and 2d (0,2) Quivers

We introduce brane brick models, a novel type of Type IIA brane configurations consisting of D4-branes ending on an NS5-brane. Brane brick models are T-dual to D1-branes over singular toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. They fully encode the infinite class of 2d (generically) N=(0,2) gauge theories on the worldvolume of the D1-branes and streamline their connection to the probed geometries. For this purpose, we also introduce new combinatorial procedures for deriving the Calabi-Yau associated to a given gauge theory and vice versa.

On derived categories of arithmetic toric varieties

We begin a systematic investigation of derived categories of smooth projective toric varieties defined over an arbitrary base field. We show that, in many cases, toric varieties admit full exceptional collections. Examples include all toric surfaces, all toric Fano 3-folds, some toric Fano 4-folds, the generalized del Pezzo varieties of Voskresenskii and Klyachko, and toric varieties associated to Weyl fans of type $A$. Our main technical tool is a completely general Galois descent result for exceptional collections of objects on (possibly non-toric) varieties over non-closed fields.

Derived categories of small toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds and counting invariants

We first construct a derived equivalence between a small crepant resolution of an affine toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold and a certain quiver with a superpotential. Under this derived equivalence we establish a wall-crossing formula for the generating function of the counting invariants of perverse coherent systems. As an application we provide certain equations on Donaldson-Thomas, Pandeharipande-Thomas and Szendroi's invariants. Finally, we show that moduli spaces associated with a quiver given by successive mutations are realized as the moduli spaces associated the original quiver by changing the s…

Exceptional collections on toric Fano threefolds and birational geometry

Bernardi and Tirabassi show the existence of full strong exceptional collections consisting of line bundles on smooth toric Fano $3$-folds under assuming Bondal's conjecture, which states that the Frobenius push-forward of the structure sheaf $\mc O_X$ generates the derived category $D^b(X)$ for smooth projective toric varieties $X$. In this article, we show Bondal's conjecture for smooth toric Fano $3$-folds and also improve their result, using birational geometry.

On homological mirror symmetry of toric Calabi-Yau three-folds

We use Lagrangian torus fibrations on the mirror $X$ of a toric Calabi-Yau threefold $\check X$ to construct Lagrangian sections and various Lagrangian spheres on $X$. We then propose an explicit correspondence between the sections and line bundles on $\check X$ and between spheres and sheaves supported on the toric divisors of $\check X$. We conjecture that these correspondences induce an embedding of the relevant derived Fukaya category of $X$ inside the derived category of coherent sheaves on $\check X$.

$K$-theoretic DT/PT correspondence for toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds

Recently, Nekrasov discovered a new "genus" for Hilbert schemes of points on $\mathbb{C}^4$. We conjecture a DT/PT correspondence for Nekrasov genera for toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. We verify our conjecture in several cases using a vertex formalism. Taking a certain limit of the equivariant parameters, we recover the cohomological DT/PT correspondence for toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds recently conjectured by the first two authors. Another limit gives a dimensional reduction to the $K$-theoretic DT/PT correspondence for toric 3-folds conjectured by Nekrasov-Okounkov. As an application of our technique…

Open WDVV方程与环面Calabi-Yau 3-fold的Frobenius结构

Open WDVV Equations and Frobenius Structures for Toric Calabi-Yau 3-Folds

本文证明环面Calabi-Yau 3-fold上开Gromov-Witten理论的两种open WDVV方程，分别构造半单Frobenius流形与平坦$F$-流形。

Zero-dimensional Donaldson-Thomas invariants of Calabi-Yau 4-folds

We study Hilbert schemes of points on a smooth projective Calabi-Yau 4-fold $X$. We define $\mathrm{DT}_4$ invariants by integrating the Euler class of a tautological vector bundle $L^{[n]}$ against the virtual class. We conjecture a formula for their generating series, which we prove in certain cases when $L$ corresponds to a smooth divisor on $X$. A parallel equivariant conjecture for toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds is proposed. This conjecture is proved for smooth toric divisors and verified for more general toric divisors in many examples. Combining the equivariant conjecture with a vertex calcul…

Open Gromov-Witten Invariants of Toric Calabi-Yau 3-Folds

We present a proof of the mirror conjecture of Aganagic-Vafa [arXiv:hep-th/0012041] and Aganagic-Klemm-Vafa [arXiv:hep-th/0105045] on disk enumeration in toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds for all smooth semi-projective toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds. We consider both inner and outer branes, at arbitrary framing. In particular, we recover previous results on the conjecture for (i) an inner brane at zero framing in the total space of the canonical line bundle of the projective plane (Graber-Zaslow [arXiv:hep-th/0109075]), (ii) an outer brane at arbitrary framing in the resolved conifold (Zhou [arXiv:1001.0447]…

Three-dimensional toric morphisms with anti-nef canonical divisors

In this paper, we classify projective toric birational morphisms from Gorenstein toric 3-folds onto the 3-dimensional affine space with relatively ample anti-canonical divisors.

$\mathbb{F}_q$-zeros of sparse trivariate polynomials and toric 3-fold codes

For a given lattice polytope $P$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$, consider the space $\mathcal{L}_P$ of trivariate polynomials over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$, whose Newton polytopes are contained in $P$. We give an upper bound for the maximum number of $\mathbb{F}_q$-zeros of polynomials in $\mathcal{L}_P$ in terms of the Minkowski length of $P$ and $q$, the size of the field. Consequently, this produces lower bounds for the minimum distance of toric codes defined by evaluating elements of $\mathcal{L}_P$ at the points of the algebraic torus $(\mathbb{F}_q^*)^3$. Our approach is based on understanding f…

Calabi-Yau 4-folds and toric fibrations

We present a general scheme for identifying fibrations in the framework of toric geometry and provide a large list of weights for Calabi--Yau 4-folds. We find 914,164 weights with degree $d\le150$ whose maximal Newton polyhedra are reflexive and 525,572 weights with degree $d\le4000$ that give rise to weighted projective spaces such that the polynomial defining a hypersurface of trivial canonical class is transversal. We compute all Hodge numbers, using Batyrev's formulas (derived by toric methods) for the first and Vafa's fomulas (obtained by counting of Ramond ground states in N=2 LG models)…

Crepant Resolutions of C^n/A_1(n) and Flops of n-Folds for n = 4,5

In this article, we determine the explicit toric variety structure of $\hl^{A_1(n)}(\CZ^n)$ for $n=4,5$, where $A_1(n)$ is the special diagonal group of all order 2 elements. Through the toric data of $\hl^{A_1(n)}(\CZ^n)$, we obtain certain toric crepant resolutions of $\CZ^n/A_1(n)$, and the different crepant resolutions are connected by flops of $n$-folds for $n=4,5$.