We give an algorithm that takes a smooth hypersurface over a number field and computes a $p$-adic approximation of the obstruction map on the Tate classes of a finite reduction. This gives an upper bound on the "middle Picard number" of the hypersurface. The improvement over existing methods is that our method relies only on a single prime reduction and gives the possibility of cutting down on the dimension of Tate classes by two or more. The obstruction map comes from $p$-adic variational Hodge conjecture and we rely on the recent advancement by Bloch-Esnault-Kerz to interpret our bounds.
We give applications of integral canonical models of orthogonal Shimura varieties and the Kuga-Satake morphism to the arithmetic of K3 surfaces over finite fields. We prove every K3 surface of finite height over a finite field admits a characteristic 0 lifting whose generic fiber is a K3 surface with complex multiplication. Combined with the results of Mukai and Buskin, we prove the Tate conjecture for the square of a K3 surface over a finite field. To obtain these results, we construct an analogue of Kisin's algebraic group for a K3 surface of finite height, and construct characteristic 0 lif…
We introduce a new obstruction to lifting smooth proper varieties in characteristic $p>0$ to characteristic $0$. It is based on Grothendieck's specialization homomorphism and the resulting discrete finiteness properties of étale fundamental groups.
We show that certain Tate--Shafarevich groups are unramified which enables us to give an obstruction to the Hasse principle for torsors under tori over p-adic function fields.
Classical Serre-Tate theory describes deformations of ordinary abelian varieties. It implies that every such variety has a canonical lift to characteristic zero and equips its local moduli space with a Frobenius lifting and canonical multiplicative coordinates. A variant of this theory has been obtained for ordinary K3 surfaces by Nygaard and Ogus. In this paper, we construct canonical liftings modulo $p^2$ of varieties with trivial canonical class which are ordinary in the weak sense that the Frobenius acts bijectively on the top cohomology of the structure sheaf. Consequently, we obtain a Fr…
Building upon our arithmetic duality theorems for 1-motives, we prove that the Manin obstruction related to a finite subquotient $\Be (X)$ of the Brauer group is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle for rational points on torsors under semiabelian varieties over a number field, assuming the finiteness of the Tate-Shaferevich group of the abelian quotient. This theorem answers a question by Skorobogatov in the semiabelian case and is a key ingredient of recent work on the elementary obstruction for homogeneous spaces over number fields. We also establish a Cassels-Tate type dual exact se…
In this paper, we study deformations of pairs (C,G) where G is a height 2 BT(or BT_n) group over a complete curve on algebraically closed field k of characteristic p. We prove that, if the curve C is a versal deformation of G, then there exists a unique lifting of the pair to the Witt ring W. We apply this result in the case of Shimura curves to obtain a lifting criterion.
We wish to give a short elementary proof of S. Saito's result that the Brauer-Manin obstruction for zero-cycles of degree 1 is the only one for curves, supposing the finiteness of the Tate-Shafarevich-group $\sha^1(A)$ of the Jacobian variety. In fact we show that we only need a conjecturally finite part of the Brauer-group for this obstruction to be the only one. We also comment on the situation in higher dimensions
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p > 0$. We study obstructions to lifting to characteristic 0 the faithful continuous action $ϕ$ of a finite group $G$ on $k[[t]]$. To each such $ϕ$ a theorem of Katz and Gabber associates an action of $G$ on a smooth projective curve $Y$ over $k$. We say that the KGB obstruction of $ϕ$ vanishes if $G$ acts on a smooth projective curve $X$ in characteristic 0 in such a way that $X/H$ and $Y/H$ have the same genus for all subgroups $H \subset G$. We determine for which $G$ the KGB obstruction of every $ϕ$ vanishes. We also consider anal…
Tropicalization is a procedure that takes subvarieties of an algebraic torus to balanced weighted rational complexes in space. In this paper, we study the tropicalizations of curves in surfaces in 3-space. These are balanced rational weighted graphs in tropical surfaces. Specifically, we study the `lifting' problem: given a graph in a tropical surface, can one find a corresponding algebraic curve in a surface? We develop specific combinatorial obstructions to lifting a graph by reducing the problem to the question of whether or not one can factor a polynomial with particular support in the cha…
We give an explicit formula for the arithmetic intersection number of CM cycles on Lubin-Tate spaces for all levels. We prove our formula by formulating the intersection number on the infinite level. Our CM cycles are constructed by choosing two separable quadratic extensions $K_1,K_2/F$ of non-Archimedean local fields $F$. Our formula works for all cases, $K_1$ and $K_2$ can be either the same or different, ramify or unramified. As applications, this formula translate the linear Arithmetic Fundamental Lemma (linear AFL) into a comparison of integrals. This formula can also be used to recover …
Let X be a smooth variety over a number field k embedded as a degree d subvariety of $\mathbb{P}^n$ and suppose that X is a counterexample to the Hasse principle explained by the Brauer-Manin obstruction. We consider the question of whether the obstruction is given by the d-primary subgroup of the Brauer group, which would have both theoretic and algorithmic implications. We prove that this question has a positive answer in the case of torsors under abelian varieties, Kummer surfaces and (conditional on finiteness of Tate-Shafarevich groups) bielliptic surfaces. For Kummer varieties we show th…
The lifting problem for curves with automorphisms asks whether we can lift a smooth projective characteristic p curve with a group G of automorphisms to characteristic zero. This was solved by Grothendieck when G acts with prime-to-p stabilizers, and there has been much progress over the last few decades in the wild case. We survey the techniques and obstructions for this lifting problem, aiming at a reader whose background is limited to scheme theory at the level of Hartshorne's book. Throughout, we include numerous examples and clarifying remarks. We also provide a list of open questions.
We show that on an Abelian variety over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, the obstruction to lifting an automorphism to an Abelian variety over a field of characteristic zero as a morphism vanishes if and only if it vanishes for lifting it as an autoequivalence. We also compare the deformation space of these two types of deformations.
We conjecture that if C is a curve of genus >1 over a number field k such that C(k) is empty, then a method of Scharaschkin (equivalent to the Brauer-Manin obstruction in the context of curves) supplies a proof that C(k) is empty. As evidence, we prove a corresponding statement in which C(F_v) is replaced by a random subset of the same size in J(F_v) for each residue field F_v at a place v of good reduction for C, and the orders of Jacobians over finite fields are assumed to be smooth (in the sense of having only small prime divisors) as often as random integers of the same size. If our conjec…
Let $X$ be a smooth scheme over a perfect field $k$ of positive characteristic. M.V.~Nori and V.~Srinivas studied infinitesimal liftings of Frobenius morphism $F:X\to X$. Namely, given a Frobenius lifting $F_Y: Y\to Y$ over $W_{n-1}(k)$ the obstruction of lifting $F_Y$ over $W_n(k)$ is a class in $H^1(X, T_X\tensor B_1Ω^1_{X/k})$. We give a modified version of their theory and applications, in which we consider lifting $(n-1)$th iterated Frobenius $F^{n-1}:X\to X$ directly over $W_n(k)$.
Universiteit van Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）
In this article we prove a semistable version of the variational Tate conjecture for divisors in crystalline cohomology, stating that a rational (logarithmic) line bundle on the special fibre of a semistable scheme over $k [\![ t ]\!]$ lifts to the total space if and only if its first Chern class does. The proof is elementary, using standard properties of the logarithmic de Rham-Witt complex. As a corollary, we deduce similar algebraicity lifting results for cohomology classes on varieties over global function fields. Finally, we give a counter example to show that the variational Tate conject…
We study arithmetic of the algebraic varieties defined over number fields by applying Lagrange interpolation to fibrations. Assuming the finiteness of the Tate-Shafarevich group of a certain elliptic curve, we show, for Châtelet surface bundles over curves, that the violation of Hasse principle being accounted for by the Brauer-Manin obstruction is not invariant under an arbitrary finite extension of the ground field.
We consider the Brauer-Manin obstruction to the existence of integral points on affine surfaces defined by $x^2 - ay^2 = P(t)$ over a number field. We enumerate the possibilities for the Brauer groups of certain families of such surfaces, and show that in contrast to their smooth compactifications, the Brauer groups of these affine varieties need not be generated by cyclic (e.g. quaternion) algebras. Concrete examples are given of such surfaces over $\mathbb{Q}$ which have solutions in $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ for all $p$ and solutions in $\mathbb{Q}$, but for which the failure of the integral Hasse p…
We give an asymptotic expansion for the density of del Pezzo surfaces of degree four in a certain Birch Swinnerton-Dyer family violating the Hasse principle due to a Brauer-Manin obstruction. Under the assumption of Schinzel's hypothesis and the finiteness of Tate-Shafarevich groups for elliptic curves, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of all del Pezzo surfaces in the family, which violate the Hasse principle.
As an application of our previous work on CM liftings of K3 surfaces and the Tate conjecture, we prove the Hodge standard conjecture for squares of K3 surfaces. We also deduce the Hodge standard conjecture for all the powers of certain K3 surfaces.
The moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties $A_g$ of genus g is defined over the integers and admits a minimal compactification $A_g^*$, also defined over the integers. The Hodge bundle over $A_g$ has its Chern classes in the Chow ring of $A_g$ with rational coefficients. We show that over the prime field $F_p$, these Chern classes naturally lift to $A_g^*$ and do so in the best possible way: despite the highly singular nature of $A_g^*$ they are represented by algebraic cycles on $A_g^*\otimes F_p$ which define elements in its bivariant Chow ring. This is in contrast to the si…
Arithmetic of K3 surfaces defined over finite fields is investigated. In particular, we show that any K3 surface of finite height over a finite field k of characteristic p > 3 has a quasi-canonical lifting to characteristic 0, and that for any such lifting, the endormorphism algebra of the transcendental cycles, as a Hodge module, is a CM field. The Tate conjecture for the product of certain two K3 surfaces is also proved. We illustrate by examples how to determine explicitly the formal Brauer group associated to a K3 surface over k. Examples discussed here are all of hypergeometric type.
Using Quillen-Lurie deformation theory formalism we develop an obstruction theory for studying the stable $\infty$-category of modules over a given geometric $\infty$-stack. The obstruction theory studies the problem of lifting compact objects to the stable $\infty$-category of quasi-coherent modules over a derived geometric stack from the category of modules over its underlying classical stack. The obstructions live in Andre-Quillen cohomology. An explicit description of the space of realizations of a given module over X as a colimit of perfect modules can be given in terms of the k-invariant…
On the classicality theorem and its applications to the automorphy lifting theorem and the Breuil-M$\mathrm{\acute{e}}$zard conjecture in some $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{Q}_{p^2})$ cases
We consider the general problem of deforming a surjective map of modules $f : E \to F$ over a coproduct sheaf of rings $B=B_1 \otimes_A B_2$ when the domain module $E = B_1 \otimes_A E_2$ is obtained via extension of scalars from a $B_2$-module $E_2$. Assuming $B_1$ is flat over $A$, we show that the Atiyah class morphism $F \to \LL_{B/B_2} \otimes^{\bL} F[1]$ in the derived category $D(B)$ factors naturally through (the shift of) a morphism $β: \Ker f \to \LL_{B/B_2} \otimes^{\bL} F$. We describe the obstruction to lifting $f$ over a (square zero) extension $B_1' \to B_1$ in terms of $β$ and …
Motivated by the Chern-Weil theory, we prove that for a given vector bundle $E$ on a smooth scheme $X$ over a field $k$ of any characteristic, the Chern classes of $E$ in the Hodge cohomology can be recovered from the Atiyah class. Although this problem was solved by Illusie in \cite{i}, we present another proof by means of derived algebraic geometry. Also, for a scheme $X$ over a field $k$ of characteristic $p$ with a vector bundle $E$ we construct elements $c^{cris}_n (E, α(E)) \in H_{dR}^{2n} (X) $ using an obstruction $α(E)$ to a lifting of $F^* E$ to a crystal modulo $p^2$ and prove that …
