Given a bounded open subset $Ω$ of $\mathbb R^n$, we establish the weak closure of the affine ball $B^{\mathcal A}_p(Ω) = \{f \in W^{1,p}_0(Ω):\ \mathcal E_p f \leq 1\}$ with respect to the affine functional $\mathcal E_pf$ introduced by Lutwak, Yang and Zhang in [43] as well as its compactness in $L^p(Ω)$ for any $p \geq 1$. These points use strongly the celebrated Blaschke-Santaló inequality. As counterpart, we develop the basic theory of $p$-Rayleigh quotients in bounded domains, in the affine case, for $p\geq 1$. More specifically, we establish $p$-affine versions of the Poincaré inequality and some of their consequences. We introduce the affine invariant $p$-Laplace operator $Δ_p^{\mathcal A} f$ defining the Euler-Lagrange equation of the minimization problem of the $p$-affine Rayleigh quotient. We also study its first eigenvalue $λ^{\mathcal A}_{1,p}(Ω)$ which satisfies the corresponding affine Faber-Krahn inequality, this is that $λ^{\mathcal A}_{1,p}(Ω)$ is minimized (among sets of equal volume) only when $Ω$ is an ellipsoid. This point depends fundamentally on PDEs regularity analysis aimed at the operator $Δ_p^{\mathcal A} f$. We also present some comparisons between affine and classical eigenvalues, including a result of rigidity through the characterization of equality cases for $p \geq 1$. All affine inequalities obtained are stronger and directly imply the classical ones.
The aim of this note is to show that Poincaré inequalities imply corresponding weighted versions in a quite general setting. Fractional Poincaré inequalities are considered, too. The proof is short and does not involve covering arguments.
We show that a class of Poincaré-Wirtinger inequalities on bounded convex sets can be obtained by means of the dynamical formulation of Optimal Transport. This is a consequence of a more general result valid for convex sets, possibly unbounded.
We study Hardy-type inequalities on infinite homogeneous trees. More precisely, we derive optimal Hardy weights for the combinatorial Laplacian in this setting and we obtain, as a consequence, optimal improvements for the Poincaré inequality.
In this paper we study Hardy and Poincaré inequalities and their weak versions for quadratic forms satisfying the first Beurling-Deny criterion. We employ these inequalities to establish a criticality theory for such forms.
In this note, we establish a $L^p-$version of the Poincaré--Sobolev inequalities in the hyperbolic spaces $\mathbb H^n$. The interest of this result is that it relates both the Poincaré (or Hardy) inequality and the Sobolev inequality with the sharp constant in $\mathbb H^n$. Our approach is based on the comparison of the $L^p-$norm of gradient of the symmetric decreasing rearrangement of a function in both the hyperbolic space and the Euclidean space, and the sharp Sobolev inequalities in Euclidean spaces. This approach also gives the proof of the Poincaré--Gagliardo--Nirenberg and Poincaré--…
We prove second and fourth order improved Poincaré type inequalities on the hyperbolic space involving Hardy-type remainder terms. Since theirs l.h.s. only involve the radial part of the gradient or of the laplacian, they can be seen as stronger versions of the classical Poincaré inequality. We show that such inequalities hold true on model manifolds as well, under suitable curvature assumptions and sharpness of some constants is also discussed.
We provide sufficient conditions for boundary Hardy inequality to hold in bounded Lipschitz domains, complement of a point (the so-called point Hardy inequality), domain above the graph of a Lipschitz function, the complement of a bounded Lipschitz domain in fractional Orlicz-Sobolev setting. As a consequence, we get sufficient conditions for regional fractional Orlicz Poincaré inequality in bounded Lipschitz domains. Necessary conditions for fractional Orlicz Hardy and regional fractional Orlicz Poincaré inequalities are also given for bounded Lipschitz domains. Various sufficient conditions …
By using quasi-Banach techniques as key ingredient we prove Poincaré- and Sobolev- type inequalities for $m$-subharmonic functions with finite $(p,m)$-energy. A consequence of the Sobolev type inequality is a partial confirmation of Błocki's integrability conjecture for $m$-subharmonic functions.
We prove a family of improved multipolar Poincaré-Hardy inequalities on Cartan-Hadamard manifolds. For suitable configurations of poles, these inequalities yield an improved multipolar Hardy inequality and an improved multipolar Poincaré inequality such that the critical unipolar singular mass is reached at any pole.
We introduce a simple criterion to check coercivity of bilinear forms on subspaces of Hilbert-spaces and Banach-spaces. The presented criterion allows to derive many standard and non-standard variants of Poincaré- and Friedrichs-type inequalities with very little effort.
We extend the results of [5], where we proved an equivalence between weighted Poincaré inequalities and the existence of weak solutions to a family of Neumann problems related to a degenerate $p$-Laplacian. Here we prove a similar equivalence between Poincaré inequalities in variable exponent spaces and solutions to a degenerate $p(x)$-Laplacian, a non-linear elliptic equation with nonstandard growth conditions.
We prove fractional Sobolev-Poincaré inequalities, capacitary versions of fractional Poincaré inequalities, and pointwise and localized fractional Hardy inequalities in a metric space equipped with a doubling measure. Our results generalize and extend earlier work where such inequalities have been considered in the Euclidean spaces or in the non-fractional setting in metric spaces. The results concerning pointwise and localized variants of fractional Hardy inequalities are new even in the Euclidean case.
We prove a local $L^p$-Poincaré inequality, $1\leq p < \infty$, on noncompact Lie groups endowed with a sub-Riemannian structure. We show that the constant involved grows at most exponentially with respect to the radius of the ball, and that if the group is nondoubling, then its growth is indeed, in general, exponential. We also prove a nonlocal $L^2$-Poincaré inequality with respect to suitable finite measures on the group.
We investigate the character of the linear constraints which are needed for Poincaré and Korn type inequalities to hold. We especially analyze constraints which depend on restriction on subsets of positive measure and on the trace on a portion of the boundary.
We derive weighted Sobolev-Poincaré type inequalities in function spaces concerned with parabolic partial differential equations. We consider general weights depending on both space and time variables belonging to a Muckenhoupt class, so-called the parabolic $A_p$-class, where only the parabolic cubes are involved in the definition.
The notions of higher-order weighted multilinear Poincaré and Sobolev inequalities in Carnot groups are introduced. As an application, weighted Leibnitz-type rules in Campanato-Morrey spaces are established.
In this paper we will establish different weighted Poincaré inequalities with variable exponents on Carnot-Carathéodory spaces or Carnot groups. We will use different techniques to obtain these inequalities. For vector fields satisfying Hörmander's condition in variable non-isotropic Sobolev spaces, we consider a weight in the variable Muckenhoupt class $% A_{p(\cdot ),p^{\ast }(\cdot )}$, where the exponent $p(\cdot )$ satisfies appropriate hypotheses, and in this case we obtain the first order weighted Poincaré inequalities with variable exponents. In the case of Carnot groups we also set up…
Let $Ø$ be a bounded domain in $\R^N$ with $0\in\deØ$ and $N\ge 2$. In this paper we study the Hardy-Poincaré inequality for maps in $H^1_0(Ω)$. In particular we give sufficient and some necessary conditions so that the best constant is achieved.
Our main result is an estimate for a sharp maximal function, which implies a Keith-Zhong type self-improvement property of Poincaré inequalities related to differentiable structures on metric measure spaces. As an application, we give structure independent representation for Sobolev norms and universality results for Sobolev spaces.
Although the Hardy inequality corresponding to one quadratic singularity, with optimal constant, does not admit any extremal function, it is well known that such a potential can be improved, in the sense that a positive term can be added to the quadratic singularity without violating the inequality, and even a whole asymptotic expansion can be build, with optimal constants for each term. This phenomenon has not been much studied for other inequalities. Our purpose is to prove that it also holds for the gaussian Poincaré inequality. The method is based on a recursion formula, which allows to id…
We study Hardy-type inequalities associated to the quadratic form of the shifted Laplacian $-Δ_{\mathbb H^N}-(N-1)^2/4$ on the hyperbolic space ${\mathbb H}^N$, $(N-1)^2/4$ being, as it is well-known, the bottom of the $L^2$-spectrum of $-Δ_{\mathbb H^N}$. We find the optimal constant in the resulting Poincaré-Hardy inequality, which includes a further remainder term which makes it sharp also locally. A related inequality under suitable curvature assumption on more general manifolds is also shown. Similarly, we prove Rellich-type inequalities associated with the shifted Laplacian, in which at …
We prove Poincaré and Sobolev inequalities in matrix A${}_p$ weighted spaces. We then use these Poincaré inequalities to prove existence and regularity results for degenerate systems of elliptic equations whose degeneracy is governed by a matrix A${}_p$ weight. Such results parallel earlier results by Fabes, Kenig, and Serapioni for a single degenerate equation governed by a scalar A${}_p$ weight. In addition, we prove Cacciopoli and reverse Hölder inequalities for weak solutions of the degenerate systems. As a means to prove the Poincaré inequalities we prove that the Riesz potential and frac…
We present a unified strategy to derive Hardy-Poincaré inequalities on bounded and unbounded domains. The approach allows proving a general Hardy-Poincaré inequality from which the classical Poincaré and Hardy inequalities immediately follow. The idea also applies to the more general context of variable exponent Sobolev spaces. The argument, concise and constructive, does not require a priori knowledge of compactness results and retrieves geometric information on the best constants.
This paper extends the self-improvement result of Keith and Zhong in [16] to the two-measure case. Our main result shows that a two-measure $(p,p)$-Poincaré inequality for $1<p<\infty$ improves to a $(p,p-\varepsilon)$-Poincaré inequality for some $\varepsilon>0$ under a balance condition on the measures. The corresponding result for a maximal Poincaré inequality is also considered. In this case the left-hand side in the Poincaré inequality is replaced with an integral of a sharp maximal function and the results hold without a balance condition. Moreover, validity of maximal Poincaré inequalit…
As the classical $(p,q)$-Poincaré inequality is known to fail for $0 < p < 1$, we introduce the notion of weighted multilinear Poincaré inequality as a natural alternative when $m$-fold products and $1/m < p$ are considered. We prove such weighted multilinear Poincaré inequalities in the subelliptic context associated to vector fields of Hörmader type. We do so by establishing multilinear representation formulas and weighted estimates for multilinear potential operators in spaces of homogeneous type.
The celebrated Poincaré and Friedrichs inequalities estimate the $\mathbb{L}_p$-norm of a function by the $\mathbb{L}_p$-norm of the gradient. We prove the Poincaré inequality for a domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ and for a hypersurface $\mathcal{C}\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ based on open mapping theorem of Banach only. For a cylinder which has a hypersurface as a base, is prove stronger inequality, involving only the surface derivatives. Similar inequalities for the uniform $C$-norm are proved as well. We also estimate $\mathbb{H}^m_p$-norm of functions prove inequalities for some generalizations of…
We prove functional inequalities on vector fields on the Euclidean space when it is equipped with a bounded measure that satisfies a Poincaré inequality, and study associated self-adjoint operators. The weighted Korn inequality compares the differential matrix, once projected orthogonally to certain finite-dimensional spaces, with its symmetric part and, in an improved form of the inequality, an additional term. We also consider Poincaré-Korn inequalities for estimating a projection of the vector field by the symmetric part of the differential matrix and zeroth-order versions of these inequali…
We prove a Payne-Weinberger type inequality for the $p$-Laplacian Neumann eigenvalues ($p\ge 2$). The inequality provides the sharp upper bound on convex domains, in terms of the diameter alone, of the best constants in Poincaré inequality. The key point is the implementation of a refinement of the classical Pólya-Szegö inequality for the symmetric decreasing rearrangement which yields an optimal weighted Wirtinger inequality.
We prove an improved version of Poincaré-Hardy inequality in suitable subspaces of the Sobolev space on the hyperbolic space via Bessel pairs. As a consequence, we obtain a new Hardy type inequality with an improved constant (than the usual Hardy constant). Furthermore, we derive a new kind of improved Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality on the hyperbolic space.
We study the validity of (q,p)-Poincaré inequalities, q<p, on domains in R^n which satisfy a quasihyperbolic boundary condition, i.e. domains whose quasihyperbolic metric satisfies a logarithmic growth condition. In the present paper, we show that the quasihyperbolic boundary condition domains support a (q,p)-Poincaré inequality whenever p>p_0, where p_0 is an explicit constant depending on q, on the logarithmic growth condition, and on the boundary of the domain.
We prove an optimal reverse Poincaré inequality for the heat semigroup generated by the sub-Laplacian on a Carnot group of any step. As an application we give new proofs of the isoperimetric inequality and of the boundedness of the Riesz transform in Carnot groups.
We study first order differential operators with constant coefficients. The main question is under what conditions a generalized Poincaré inequality holds. We show that the constant rank condition is sufficient. The concept of the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse of a matrix comes into play.
We prove here some dimension free Poincaré-type inequalities on Hamming cube for functions with different spectral properties and for fractional Laplacians. In this note the main attention is paid to estimates in $L^1$ norm on Hamming cube. We build the examples showing that our assumptions on spectral properties of functions cannot be dropped in general.
Let $Ω$ be an arbitrary bounded domain of $\R^n$. We study the right invertibility of the divergence on $Ω$ in weighted Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces on $Ω$, and rely this invertibility to a geometric characterization of $Ω$ and to weighted Poincaré inequalities on $Ω$. We recover, in particular, well-known results on the right invertibility of the divergence in Sobolev spaces when $Ω$ is Lipschitz or, more generally, when $Ω$ is a John domain, and focus on the case of $s$-John domains.
In this paper we study the existence and non-existence of minimizers for a type of (critical) Poincaré-Sobolev inequalities. We show that minimizers do exist for smooth domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$, an also for some polyhedral domains. On the other hand, we prove the non-existence of minimizers in the rectangular isosceles triangle in $\mathbb{R}^2$.
We use the distances introduced in a previous joint paper to exhibit the gradient flow structure of some drift-diffusion equations for a wide class of entropy functionals. Functional inequalities obtained by the comparison of the entropy with the entropy production functional reflect the contraction properties of the flow. Our approach provides a unified framework for the study of the Kolmogorov-Fokker-Planck (KFP) equation.
We consider several local versions of the doubling condition and Poincaré inequalities on metric spaces. Our first result is that in proper connected spaces, the weakest local assumptions self-improve to semilocal ones, i.e. holding within every ball. We then study various geometrical and analytical consequences of such local assumptions, such as local quasiconvexity, self-improvement of Poincaré inequalities, existence of Lebesgue points, density of Lipschitz functions and quasicontinuity of Sobolev functions. It turns out that local versions of these properties hold under local assumptions, …
The paper provides two versions of nonlocal Poincaré-type inequalities for integral operators with a convolution-type structure and functions satisfying a zero-Dirichlet like condition. The inequalities extend existing results to a large class of nonhomogeneous kernels with supports that can vary discontinuously and need not contain a common set throughout the domain. The measure of the supports may even vanish allowing the zero-Dirichlet condition to be imposed on only a lower-dimensional manifold, with or without boundary. The conditions may be imposed on sets with co-dimension larger than o…
The central aim of this paper is to study (regional) fractional Poincaré type inequalities on unbounded domains satisfying the finite ball condition. Both existence and non existence type results are established depending on various conditions on domains and on the range of $s \in (0,1)$. The best constant in both regional fractional and fractional Poincaré inequality is characterized for strip like domains $(ω\times \mathbb{R}^{n-1})$, and the results obtained in this direction are analogous to those of the local case. This settles one of the natural questions raised by K. Yeressian in [\text…
Let $X$ be a noncomplete metric space satisfying the usual (local) assumptions of a doubling property and a Poincaré inequality. We study extensions of Newtonian Sobolev functions to the completion $\widehat{X}$ of $X$ and use them to obtain several results on $X$ itself, in particular concerning minimal weak upper gradients, Lebesgue points, quasicontinuity, regularity properties of the capacity and better Poincaré inequalities. We also provide a discussion about possible applications of the completions and extension results to $p$-harmonic functions on noncomplete spaces and show by examples…
