23 pages. Comments welcome! Portions of this work previously appeared in arXiv:1911.00349v2; that previous work has been split into multiple papers (including this one) to better explicate the ingredients
We prove that, for nice classes of infinite-dimensional smooth groups G, natural constructions in smooth topology and symplectic topology yield homotopically coherent group actions of G. This yields a bridge between infinite-dimensional smooth groups and homotopy theory.
The result relies on two computations: One showing that the diffeological homotopy groups of the Milnor classifying space BG are naturally equivalent to the (continuous) homotopy groups, and a second showing that a particular strict category localizes to yield the homotopy type of BG.
We then prove a result in symplectic geometry: These methods are applicable to the group of Liouville automorphisms of a Liouville sector. The present work is written with an eye toward [OT19], where our constructions show that higher homotopy groups of symplectic automorphism groups map to Fukaya-categorical invariants, and where we prove a conjecture of Teleman from the 2014 ICM in the Liouville and monotone settings.
Naturally occurring diagrams in algebraic topology are commutative up to homotopy, but not on the nose. It was quickly realized that very little can be done with this information. Homotopy coherent category theory arose out of a desire to catalog the higher homotopical information required to restore constructibility (or more precisely, functoriality) in such "up to homotopy" settings. These notes provide a three-part introduction to homotopy coherent category theory. The first part surveys the classical theory of homotopy coherent diagrams of topological spaces. The second part introduces the…
Homotopy coherence has a considerable history, albeit also by other names. We provide a brief semi-historical survey providing some links that may not be common knowledge.
We give a direct proof that middle mapping spaces in coherent nerves of Kan enriched categories have the same homotopy type as the original mapping spaces.
Let p be a fibration over a finite simplicial complex, whose fibers have the homotopy type of finite simplicial complexes. Then p is equivalent to an approximate fibration whose total space is a compact ENR. The proof uses homotopy coherent diagrams and their homotopy colimits. We also comment on the simple homotopy type of the total space and give an application to the fibering of Hilbert cube manifolds.
Centers of categories capture the natural operations on their objects. Homotopy coherent centers are introduced here as an extension of this notion to categories with an associated homotopy theory. These centers can also be interpreted as Hochschild cohomology type invariants in contexts that are not necessarily linear or stable, and we argue that they are more appropriate to higher categorical contexts than the centers of their homotopy or derived categories. Among many other things, we present an obstruction theory for realizing elements in the centers of homotopy categories, and a Bousfield…
Homotopy coherence has a considerable history, albeit also by other names. For this volume highlighting symmetries, the appropriate use is: Homotopy coherence of representations, at one time known as strong homotopy representations. We provide a brief semi-historical survey providing some links that may not be common knowledge.
In this paper we present the notion of smooth CW complexes given by attaching cubes on the category of diffeological spaces, and we study their smooth homotopy structures related to the homotopy extension property.
If P is a dg-operad acting on a dg-algebra A via algebra homomorphisms, then P acts on the Hochschild complex of A. In the more general case when P is a dg-prop, we show that P still acts on the Hochschild complex, but only up to coherent homotopy. We moreover give a functorial dg-replacement of P that strictifies the action. As an application, we obtain an explicit strictification of the homotopy coherent commutative Hopf algebra structure on the Hochschild complex of a commutative Hopf algebra.
Algebraic quantum field theory and prefactorization algebra are two mathematical approaches to quantum field theory. In this monograph, using a new coend definition of the Boardman-Vogt construction of a colored operad, we define homotopy algebraic quantum field theories and homotopy prefactorization algebras and investigate their homotopy coherent structures. Homotopy coherent diagrams, homotopy inverses, A-infinity-algebras, E-infinity-algebras, and E-infinity-modules arise naturally in this context. In particular, each homotopy algebraic quantum field theory has the structure of a homotopy …
In this paper, we introduce a cofibrant simplicial category that we call the free homotopy coherent adjunction and characterize its n-arrows using a graphical calculus that we develop here. The hom-spaces are appropriately fibrant, indeed are nerves of categories, which indicates that all of the expected coherence equations in each dimension are present. To justify our terminology, we prove that any adjunction of quasi-categories extends to a homotopy coherent adjunction and furthermore that these extensions are homotopically unique in the sense that the relevant spaces of extensions are contr…
We establish a large class of homotopy coherent Morita-equivalences of Dold-Kan type relating diagrams with values in any weakly idempotent complete additive $\infty$-category; the guiding example is an $\infty$-categorical Dold-Kan correspondence between the $\infty$-categories of simplicial objects and connective coherent chain complexes. Our results generalize many known 1-categorical equivalences such as the classical Dold-Kan correspondence, Pirashvili's Dold-Kan type theorem for abelian $Γ$-groups and, more generally, the combinatorial categorical equivalences of Lack and Street.
In this short note we show that the homotopy category of smooth compactifications of smooth algebraic varieties is equivalent to the homotopy category of smooth varieties over a field of characteristic zero. As an application we show that the functor sending a variety to the p-th step of the Hodge filtration of its complex cohomology is representable in the homotopy category of simplicial presheaves on smooth complex varieties. The main motivation are recent applications of homotopy theory to Deligne-Beilinson cohomology theories.
We prove in this paper that for a quasi-compact and semi-separated (non necessarily noetherian) scheme X, the derived category of quasi-coherent sheaves over X, D(A_qc(X)), is a stable homotopy category in the sense of Hovey, Palmieri and Strickland, answering a question posed by Strickland. Moreover we show that it is unital and algebraic. We also prove that for a noetherian semi-separated formal scheme X, its derived category of sheaves of modules with quasi-coherent torsion homologies D_qct(X) is a stable homotopy category. It is algebraic but if the formal scheme is not a usual scheme, it …
In this paper we prove that various quasi-categories whose objects are $\infty$-categories in a very general sense are complete: admitting limits indexed by all simplicial sets. This result and others of a similar flavor follow from a general theorem in which we characterize the data that is required to define a limit cone in a quasi-category constructed as a homotopy coherent nerve. Since all quasi-categories arise this way up to equivalence, this analysis covers the general case. Namely, we show that quasi-categorical limit cones may be modeled at the point-set level by pseudo homotopy limit…
Let $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a Morse function on $2$-torus $T^2$ such that its Kronrod-Reeb graph $Γ(f)$ has exactly one cycle, i.e. it is homotopy equivalent to $S^1$. Under some additional conditions we describe a homotopy type of the orbit of $f$ with respect to the action of the group of diffeomorphism of $T^2$. This result holds for a larger class of smooth functions $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ having the following property: for every critical point $z$ of $f$ the germ of $f$ at $z$ is smoothly equivalent to a homogeneous polynomial $\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ without multiple factors.
We introduce the notion of smooth cell complexes and its subclass consisting of gathered cell complexes within the category of diffeological spaces (cf. Definitions 1 and 3). It is shown that the following hold. (1) With respect to the D-topology, every smooth cell complex is a topological cell complex (cf. Proposition 2). It is paracompact and Hausdorff if it is countable (cf. Proposition 8). (2) Every continuous map between gathered cell complexes is continuously homotopic to a smooth map (cf. Theorem 5). (3) Any topological cell complex is continuously homotopy equivalent to a gathered (hen…
In this paper we study $\mathcal M(X)$, the set of diffeomorphism classes of smooth manifolds with the simple homotopy type of $X$, via a map $Ψ$ from $\mathcal M(X)$ into the quotient of $K(X)=[X,BSO]$ by the action of the group of homotopy classes of simple self equivalences of $X$. The map $Ψ$ describes which bundles over $X$ can occur as normal bundles of manifolds in $\mathcal M(X)$. We determine the image of $Ψ$ when $X$ belongs to a certain class of homology spheres. In particular, we find conditions on elements of $K(X)$ that guarantee they are pullbacks of normal bundles of manifolds …
In the paper of Montgomery, D. and Yang, C.T. [5], they discuss the de-suspension of smooth free actions of S1 on (2n+1)-dimensional homotopy spheres. In this paper we discuss the de-suspension of smooth free actions of S3 on (4n + 3)-dimensional homotopy spheres.
We provide a cohomological interpretation of the zeroth stable $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy group of a smooth curve over an infinite perfect field. We show that this group is isomorphic to the first Nisnevich (or Zariski) cohomology group of a certain sheaf closely related to the first Milnor--Witt $\mathrm{K}$-theory sheaf. This cohomology group can be computed using an explicit Gersten-type complex. We show that if the base field is algebraically closed then the zeroth stable $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy group of a smooth curve coincides with the zeroth Suslin homology group that was identified by Sus…
We give a homotopy theoretic characterization of sheaves on a stack and, more generally, a presheaf of groupoids on an arbitary small site C. We use this to prove homotopy invariance and generalized descent statements for categories of sheaves and quasi-coherent sheaves. As a corollary we obtain an alternate proof of a generalized change of rings theorem of Hovey.
Diffeological spaces are generalizations of smooth manifolds. In this paper, we study the homotopy theory of diffeological spaces. We begin by proving basic properties of the smooth homotopy groups that we will need later. Then we introduce the smooth singular simplicial set $S^D(X)$ associated to a diffeological space $X$, and show that when $S^D(X)$ is fibrant, it captures smooth homotopical properties of $X$. Motivated by this, we define $X$ to be fibrant when $S^D(X)$ is, and more generally define cofibrations, fibrations and weak equivalences in the category of diffeological spaces using …
In this paper, we use homotopical algebra (or abstract homotopical methods) to study smooth homotopical problems of infinite-dimensional $C^\infty$-manifolds in convenient calculus. More precisely, we discuss the smoothing of maps, sections, principal bundles, and gauge transformations. We first introduce the notion of hereditary $C^\infty$-paracompactness along with the semiclassicality condition on a $C^\infty$-manifold, which enables us to use local convexity in local arguments. Then, we prove that for $C^\infty$-manifolds $M$ and $N$, the smooth singular complex of $C^\infty(M,N)$ is weakl…
We start to study the problem of classifying smooth proper varieties over a field k from the standpoint of A^1-homotopy theory. Motivated by the topological theory of surgery, we discuss the problem of classifying up to isomorphism all smooth proper varieties having a specified A^1-homotopy type. Arithmetic considerations involving the sheaf of A^1-connected components lead us to introduce several different notions of connectedness in A^1-homotopy theory. We provide concrete links between these notions, connectedness of points by chains of affine lines, and various rationality properties of al…
Stockholm University（斯德哥尔摩大学）；Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IMJ-PRG（巴黎西岱大学和索邦大学，法国国家科学研究中心，IMJ-PRG）；Université d’Angers, LAREMA（昂热大学，LAREMA）
In this paper, we develop the theory of equivariant motivic homotopy theory, both unstable and stable. While our original interest was in the case of profinite group actions on smooth schemes, we discuss our results in as broad a setting as possible so as to be applicable in a variety of contexts, for example to the case of smooth group scheme actions on schemes that are not necessarily smooth. We also discuss how ${\mathbb A}^1$-localization behaves with respect to mod-$\ell$-completion, where $\ell$ is a fixed prime.
We study some properties of A^1-homotopy groups: geometric interpretations of connectivity, excision results, and a re-interpretation of quotients by free actions of connected solvable groups in terms of covering spaces in the sense of A^1-homotopy theory. These concepts and results are well-suited to the study of certain quotients via geometric invariant theory. As a case study in the geometry of solvable group quotients, we investigate A^1-homotopy groups of smooth toric varieties. We give simple combinatorial conditions (in terms of fans) guaranteeing vanishing of low degree A^1-homotopy gr…
Simplicial presheaves on cartesian spaces provide a general notion of smooth spaces. There is a corresponding smooth version of the singular complex functor, which maps smooth spaces to simplicial sets. We consider the localisation of the (projective or injective) model category of smooth spaces at the morphisms which become weak equivalences under the singular complex functor. We prove that this localisation agrees with a motivic-style $\mathbb{R}$-localisation of the model category of smooth spaces. Further, we exhibit the singular complex functor for smooth spaces as one of several Quillen …
We describe various equivalent ways of associating to an orbifold, or more generally a higher étale differentiable stack, a weak homotopy type. Some of these ways extend to arbitrary higher stacks on the site of smooth manifolds, and we show that for a differentiable stack X arising from a Lie groupoid G, the weak homotopy type of X agrees with that of BG. Using this machinery, we are able to find new presentations for the weak homotopy type of certain classifying spaces. In particular, we give a new presentation for the Borel construction of an almost free action of a Lie group G on a smooth …
We show that the existence of rational points on smooth varieties over a field can be detected using homotopy fixed points of etale topological types under the Galois action. As our main example we show that the surjectivity statement in Grothendieck's Section Conjecture would follow from the surjectivity of the map from fixed points to continuous homotopy fixed points on the level of connected components. Along the way we define a new model for the continuous etale homotopy fixed point space of a smooth variety over a field under the Galois action.
In this note we study the functoriality of the coniveau filtration in motivic homotopy theory via a moving lemma over a base scheme, extending previous works of Levine and Bachmann-Yakerson. The main result is that the motivic stable homotopy category can be modeled on a smaller site, the "smooth-smooth site". The proof is based on a new approach to the purity theorem of Morel-Voevodsky using specialization maps, which turns out to hold even in absence of the $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy invariance property. Applications to the homotopy coniveau tower and to higher Chow-Witt groups are given.
Spaces of holomorphic maps from the Riemann sphere to various complex manifolds (holomorphic curves ) have played an important role in several area of mathematics. In a seminal paper G. Segal investigated the homotopy type of holomorphic curves on complex projective spaces and M. Guest on compact smooth toric varieties.. Recently Mostovoy and Villanueva, obtained a far reaching generalisation of these results, and in particular (for holomorphic curves) improved the stability dimension obtained by Guest. In this paper, we generalize their result to holomorphic curves, on certain non-compact smo…
Let p be an odd regular prime, and assume that the Lichtenbaum-Quillen conjecture holds for K(Z[1/p]) at p. Then the p-primary homotopy type of the smooth Whitehead spectrum Wh(*) is described. A suspended copy of the cokernel-of-J spectrum splits off, and the torsion homotopy of the remainder equals the torsion homotopy of the fiber of the restricted S^1-transfer map t: SigmaCP^infty--> S. The homotopy groups of Wh(*) are determined in a range of degrees, and the cohomology of Wh(*) is expressed as an A-module in all degrees, up to an extension. These results have geometric topological interp…
Given any modular category $\mathcal{C}$ over an algebraically closed field $k$, we extract a sequence $(M_g)_{g\geq 0}$ of $\mathcal{C}$-bimodules. We show that the Hochschild chain complex $CH(\mathcal{C};M_g)$ of $\mathcal{C}$ with coefficients in $M_g$ carries a canonical homotopy coherent projective action of the mapping class group of the surface of genus $g+1$. The ordinary Hochschild complex of $\mathcal{C}$ corresponds to $CH(\mathcal{C};M_0)$. This result is obtained as part of the following more comprehensive topological structure: We construct a symmetric monoidal functor $\mathfra…
We construct models for the motivic homotopy category based on simplicial functors from smooth schemes over a field to simplicial sets. These spaces are homotopy invariant and therefore one does not have to invert the affine line in order to get a model for the motivic homotopy category.
We prove a nilpotency theorem for the Bauer-Furuta stable homotopy Seiberg-Witten invariants for smooth closed 4-manifolds with trivial first Betti number.
Let $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a Morse function on a 2-torus, $\mathcal{S}(f)$ and $\mathcal{O}(f)$ be its stabilizer and orbit with respect to the right action of the group $\mathcal{D}(T^2)$ of diffeomorphisms of $T^2$, $\mathcal{D}_{\mathrm{id}}(T^2)$ be the identity path component of $\mathcal{D}(T^2)$, and $\mathcal{S}'(f) = \mathcal{S}(f) \cap \mathcal{D}_{\mathrm{id}}(T^2)$. We give sufficient conditions under which $$ π_1\mathcal{O}_f(f) \ \cong \ π_1\mathcal{D}(T^2) \times π_0 \mathcal{S}'(f) \ \equiv \ \mathbb{Z}^2 \times π_0 \mathcal{S}'(f).$$ In fact this result holds for a larger cla…
We study the 0-th stable A^1-homotopy sheaf of a smooth proper variety over a field k assumed to be infinite, perfect and to have characteristic unequal to 2. We provide an explicit description of this sheaf in terms of the theory of (twisted) Chow-Witt groups as defined by Barge-Morel and developed by Fasel. We study the notion of rational point up to stable A^1-homotopy, defined in terms of the stable A^1-homotopy sheaf of groups mentioned above. We show that, for a smooth proper k-variety X, existence of a rational point up to stable A^1-homotopy is equivalent to existence of a 0-cycle of d…
The subject of this paper is a nerve construction for bicategories introduced by Leinster, which defines a fully faithful functor from the category of bicategories and normal pseudofunctors to the category of presheaves over Joyal's category $Θ_2$. We prove that the nerve of a bicategory is a $2$-quasi-category (a model for $(\infty,2)$-categories due to Ara), and moreover that the nerve functor restricts to the right part of a Quillen equivalence between Lack's model structure for bicategories and a Bousfield localisation of Ara's model structure for $2$-quasi-categories. We deduce that Lack'…
This is a companion paper to math.AT/0609762. For a filtered colimit of commutative rings k=colim k_i, we prove that the homotopy theory of smooth and proper dg-algebras over k is the colimit of the homotopy theories of smooth and proper dg-algebras over k_i. As a consequence, we deduce that any smooth and proper dg-algebra can be defined over a commutative Z-algebra of finite type.
We show that conically smooth stratified spaces embed fully faithfully into $\infty$-categories. This articulates a stratified generalization of the homotopy hypothesis proposed by Grothendieck. As such, each $\infty$-category defines a stack on conically smooth stratified spaces, and we identify the descent conditions it satisfies. These include $\mathbb{R}^1$-invariance and descent for open covers and blow-ups, analogous to sheaves for the h-topology in $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy theory. In this way, we identify $\infty$-categories as striation sheaves, which are those sheaves on conically smoo…
Let X be a smooth scheme, Z a smooth closed subscheme, and U the open complement. Given any localizing and A1-homotopy invariant of dg categories E, we construct an associated Gysin triangle relating the value of E at the dg categories of perfect complexes of X, Z, and U. In the particular case where E is homotopy K-theory, this Gysin triangle yields a new proof of Quillen's localization theorem, which avoids the use of devissage. As a first application, we prove that the value of E at a smooth scheme belongs to the smallest (thick) triangulated subcategory generated by the values of E at the …
We prove an equivalence of categories from formal complex structures with formal holomorphic maps to homotopy algebras over a simple operad with its associated homotopy morphisms. We extend this equivalence to complex manifolds. A complex structure on a smooth manifold corresponds in this way to a family of algebras indexed by the points of the manifold.
The aim of this paper is three-fold: (i) we construct a naturally occurring highly homotopy coherent operad structure on the derivatives of the identity functor on structured ring spectra which can be described as algebras over an operad $\mathcal{O}$ in spectra, (ii) we prove that every connected $\mathcal{O}$-algebra has a naturally occurring left action of the derivatives of the identity, and (iii) we show that there is a naturally occurring weak equivalence of highly homotopy coherent operads between the derivatives of the identity on $\mathcal{O}$-algebras and the operad $\mathcal{O}$. Al…
We prove that Mann-Robalo's construction of the brane action extends to general coherent $\infty$-operads, with possibly multiple colors and non-contractible spaces of unary operations. This requires to establish two results regarding spaces of extensions that were left unproven in the aforementioned construction. First, we show that Lurie's and Mann-Robalo's models for such spaces are equivalent. Second, we prove that the space of extensions in the sense of Lurie is not in general equivalent to the homotopy fiber of the associated forgetful morphism, but rather to its homotopy quotient by the…
To any graph and smooth algebraic curve $C$ one may associate a "hypercurve" arrangement and one can study the rational homotopy theory of the complement $X$. In the rational case ($C=\mathbb{C}$), there is considerable literature on the rational homotopy theory of $X$, and the trigonometric case ($C = \mathbb{C}^\times$) is similar in flavor. The case of when $C$ is a smooth projective curve of positive genus is more complicated due to the lack of formality of the complement. When the graph is chordal, we use quadratic-linear duality to compute the Malcev Lie algebra and the minimal model of …
We show that all homotopy $\mathbb{C}P^n$s, smooth closed manifolds with the oriented homotopy type of $\mathbb{C}P^n$, admit almost complex structures for $3 \leq n \leq 6$, and classify these structures by their Chern classes. Our methods provide a new proof of a result of Libgober and Wood on the classification of almost complex structures on homotopy $\mathbb{C}P^4$s.
Many homotopy-coherent algebraic structures can be described by Segal-type limit conditions determined by an "algebraic pattern", bywhich we mean an $\infty$-category equipped with a factorization system and a collection of "elementary" objects. Examples of structures that occur as such "Segal $\mathcal{O}$-spaces" for an algebraic pattern $\mathcal{O}$ include $\infty$-categories, $(\infty,n)$-categories, $\infty$-operads, $\infty$-properads, and algebras for an $\infty$-operad in spaces. In the first part of this paper we set up a general frameworkn for algebraic patterns and their Segal obj…
