Lisa Orloff Clark, Ellis Dawson, Iain Raeburn
We show the reduced $C^*$-algebra of a graded ample groupoid is a strongly graded $C^*$-algebra if and only if the corresponding Steinberg algebra is a strongly graded ring. We apply this result to get a theorem about the Leavitt path algebra and $C^*$-algebra of an arbitrary graph.
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In this paper, we investigate primeness of groupoid graded rings. We provide a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for primeness of a nearly-epsilon strongly groupoid graded ring. Furthermore, we apply our main result to get a characterization of prime partial skew groupoid rings, and in particular of prime groupoid rings, thereby generalizing a classical result by Connell and partially generalizing recent results by Steinberg.
We study strongly graded groupoids, which are topological groupoids $\mathcal G$ equipped with a continuous, surjective functor $κ: \mathcal G \to Γ$, to a discrete group $Γ$, such that $κ^{-1}(γ)κ^{-1}(δ) = κ^{-1}(γδ)$, for all $γ, δ\in Γ$. We introduce the category of graded $\mathcal G$-sheaves, and prove an analogue of Dade's Theorem: $\mathcal G$ is strongly graded if and only if every graded $\mathcal G$-sheaf is induced by a $\mathcal G_ε$-sheaf. The Steinberg algebra of a graded ample groupoid is graded, and we prove that the algebra is strongly graded if and only if the groupoid is. A…
We show how to reconstruct a graded ample Hausdorff groupoid with topologically principal neutrally graded component from the ring structure of its graded Steinberg algebra over any commutative integral domain with 1, together with the embedding of the canonical abelian subring of functions supported on the unit space. We deduce that diagonal-preserving ring isomorphism of Leavitt path algebras implies $C^*$-isomorphism of $C^*$-algebras for graphs $E$ and $F$ in which every cycle has an exit.
We introduce a graded homology theory for graded étale groupoids. For $\mathbb Z$-graded groupoids, we establish an exact sequence relating the graded zeroth-homology to non-graded one. Specialising to the arbitrary graph groupoids, we prove that the graded zeroth homology group with constant coefficients $\mathbb Z$ is isomorphic to the graded Grothendieck group of the associated Leavitt path algebra. To do this, we consider the diagonal algebra of the Leavitt path algebra of the covering graph of the original graph and construct the group isomorphism directly. Considering the trivial grading…
Given an ample, Hausdorff groupoid $\mathcal{G}$, and a unital commutative ring $R$, we consider the Steinberg algebra $A_R(\mathcal {G})$. First we prove a uniqueness theorem for this algebra and then, when $\mathcal{G}$ is graded by a cocycle, we study graded ideals in $A_R(\mathcal {G})$. Applications are given for two classes of ample groupoids, namely those coming from actions of groups on graphs, and also to groupoids defined in terms of Boolean dynamical systems.
We study Steinberg algebras constructed from ample Hausdorff groupoids over commutative integral domains with identity. We reconstruct (graded) groupoids from (graded) Steinberg algebras and use this to characterise when there is a diagonal-preserving (graded) isomorphism between two (graded) Steinberg algebras. We apply this characterisation to groupoids of directed graphs in order to study diagonal-preserving (graded) isomorphisms of Leavitt path algebras and graph $C^*$-algebras.
On von Neumann regularity of ample groupoid algebras
本文完全刻画了充足群胚代数及其分次版本的冯·诺依曼正则性，解决了逆半群代数正则性这一自1970年悬而未决的问题，并推广了Leavitt路代数等相关结果。
On groupoid-graded C*-algebras and equivalent subcategories linked via monads and comonads
本文提出利用monads和comonads建立群oid分级C*-代数子分类等价性的新方法。
In this work we realize Leavitt path algebras as partial skew groupoid rings. This yields a free path groupoid grading on Leavitt path algebras. Using this grading we characterize free path groupoid graded isomorphisms of Leavitt path algebras that preserves generators.
Let $C^*$-algebra that is acted upon by a compact abelian group. We show that if the fixed-point algebra of the action contains a Cartan subalgebra $D$ satisfying an appropriate regularity condition, then $A$ is the reduced $C^*$-algebra of a groupoid twist. We further show that the embedding $D \hookrightarrow A$ is uniquely determined by the twist. These results generalize Renault's results on Cartan subalgebras of $C^*$-algebras.
We show how to construct a graded locally compact Hausdorff étale groupoid from a C*-algebra carrying a coaction of a discrete group, together with a suitable abelian subalgebra. We call this groupoid the extended Weyl groupoid. When the coaction is trivial and the subalgebra is Cartan, our groupoid agrees with Renault's Weyl groupoid. We prove that if G is a second-countable locally compact étale groupoid carrying a grading of a discrete group, and if the interior of the trivially graded isotropy is abelian and torsion free, then the extended Weyl groupoid of its reduced C*-algebra is isomorp…
We define a group $RBr(\mathcal{G})$ containing, in a sense, the graded complex and orthogonal Brauer groups of a locally compact groupoid $\mathcal{G}$ equipped with an involution. When the involution is trivial, we show that the new group naturally provides a generalization of Donovan-Karoubi's graded orthogonal Brauer group $GBrO$. More generally, it is shown to be a direct summand of the well-known graded complex Brauer goup. In addition, we prove that $RBr(\mathcal{G})$ identifies with a direct sum of a Real cohomology group and the abelian group $RExt(\mathcal{G},U(1))$ of Real graded $U…
Inclusions of C*-algebras of graded groupoids
本文研究离散群分次的局部紧 Hausdorff 广群，证明单位纤维子广群的全与约化 C*-代数等距嵌入整体代数，并推出 Exel 意义下的拓扑分次性。
B-fields over a groupoid with involution are defined as Real graded Dixmier-Douady bundles. We use these to introduce the Real graded Brauer group which constitutes the set of twistings for Atiyah's KR-functor in the category of locally compact groupoids with involutions. We interpret this group in terms of groupoid extensions and elements of some equivariant Cech cohomology theory. The construction of the twisted KR-functor is outlined.
Given a partial action $α$ of a groupoid $G$ on a ring $R$, we study the associated partial skew groupoid ring $R \rtimes_α G$, which carries a natural $G$-grading. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the $G$-invariant ideals of $R$ and the graded ideals of the $G$-graded ring $R \rtimes_αG.$ We provide sufficient conditions for primeness, and necessary and sufficient conditions for simplicity of $R \rtimes_αG.$ We show that every ideal of $R \rtimes_αG$ is graded if, and only if, $α$ has the residual intersection property. Furthermore, if $α$ is induced by a topological …
In this article, we realize ultragraph Leavitt path algebras as Steinberg algebras. This realization allows us to use the groupoid approach to obtain structural results about these algebras. Using skew product groupoid, we show that ultragraph Leavitt path algebras are graded von Neumann regular rings. We characterize strongly graded ultragraph Leavitt path algebras and show that every ultragraph Leavitt path algebra is semiprimitive. Moreover, we characterize irreducible representations of ultragraph Leavitt path algebras. We also show that ultragraph Leavitt path algebras can be realized as …
Baer-Type Ring Characterizations of Steinberg Algebras, with Applications to Leavitt Path Algebras
本文推广Baer、Rickart及其局部、分次和$*$-类似物理论到Steinberg代数，证明局部Baer行为迫使群胚离散，并利用轨道分解给出完整刻画，进而应用于Leavitt路代数获得相应环性质刻画。
Nuclear dimension of groupoid C*-algebras with large abelian isotropy, with applications to C*-algebras of directed graphs and twists
本文研究了群积 C*-代数的核维度，提出在具有大同态的情况下，通过拓扑维度和谱的条件来确定核维度的上界，并应用于图 C*-代数和扭的 C*-代数。
Let G be a locally compact, Hausdorff groupoid in which s is a local homeomorphism and the unit space is totally disconnected. Assume there is a continuous cocycle c from G into a discrete group $Γ$. We show that the collection A(G) of locally-constant, compactly supported functions on G is a dense *-subalgebra of C_c(G) and that it is universal for algebraic representations of the collection of compact open bisections of G. We also show that if G is the groupoid associated to a row-finite graph or k-graph with no sources, then A(G) is isomorphic to the associated Leavitt path algebra or Kumji…
We show that the groupoids of two directed graphs are isomorphic if and only if the two graphs are orbit equivalent by an orbit equivalence that preserves isolated eventually periodic points. We also give a complete description of the (topological) isolated points of the boundary path space of a graph. As a result, we are able to show that the groupoids of two directed graphs with finitely many vertices and no sinks are isomorphic if and only if the two graphs are orbit equivalent, and that the groupoids of the stabilisations of two such graphs are isomorphic if and only if the stabilisations …
Let $G$ and $H$ be Hausdorff ample groupoids and let $R$ be a commutative unital ring. We show that if $G$ and $H$ are equivalent in the sense of Muhly-Renault-Williams, then the associated Steinberg algebras of locally constant $R$-valued functions with compact support are Morita equivalent. We deduce that collapsing a ``collapsible subgraph" of a directed graph in the sense of Crisp and Gow does not change the Morita-equivalence class of the associated Leavitt path $R$-algebra, and therefore a number of graphical constructions which yield Morita equivalent $C^*$-algebras also yield Morita eq…
When the theory of Leavitt path algebras was already quite advanced, it was discovered that some of the more difficult questions were susceptible to a new approach using topological groupoids. The main result that makes this possible is that the Leavitt path algebra of a graph is graded isomorphic to the Steinberg algebra of the graph's boundary path groupoid. This expository paper has three parts: Part 1 is on the Steinberg algebra of a groupoid, Part 2 is on the path space and boundary path groupoid of a graph, and Part 3 is on the Leavitt path algebra of a graph. It is a self-contained refe…
A homological characterization of AF groupoids
本文通过同调维数零的特征，研究了AF群体的结构，证明了其与同调维数零的等价性，并推广到单位环上的群体。
The graph groupoid of a quantum sphere
本文证明Hong和Szymański的图的路径群oid与Sheu发现的群oid同构，揭示了量子球C*-代数的结构本质。
This dissertation concerns the classification of groupoid and higher-rank graph C*-algebras and has two main components. Firstly, for a groupoid it is shown that the notions of strength of convergence in the orbit space and measure-theoretic accumulation along the orbits are equivalent ways of realising multiplicity numbers associated to a sequence of induced representations of the groupoid C*-algebra. Examples of directed graphs are given, showing how to determine the multiplicity numbers associated to various sequences of induced representations of the directed graph C*-algebras. The second …
Groupoids of finitely aligned higher-rank graphs via filters and graph morphisms
本文推广图态射方法至有限对齐P-图，证明滤子与图态射方法产生同构的路径和边界路径群胚，并综述多种同构表示。
Description of the structure of DG--algebras via characters on a groupoid
本文研究群代数上的 DG 代数结构，通过刻画分次导子，并借助类似内作用群胚上的特征标，给出任意分次下所有可能结构的统一描述及示例。
k-graphs are higher-rank analogues of directed graphs which were first developed to provide combinatorial models for operator algebras of Cuntz-Krieger type. Here we develop a theory of the fundamental groupoid of a k-graph, and relate it to the fundamental groupoid of an associated graph called the 1-skeleton. We also explore the failure, in general, of k-graphs to faithfully embed into their fundamental groupoids.
Inspired by the work of Paterson on $C^{\ast}$-algebras of directed graphs, we show how to associate a groupoid $\mathfrak{G}_{\mathcal{G}}$ to an ultragraph $\mathcal{G}$ in such a way that the $C^*$-algebra of $\mathfrak{G}_{\mathcal{G}}$ is canonically isomorphic to Tomforde's $C^*$-algebra $C^*(\mathcal{G})$. The groupoid $\mathfrak{G}_{\mathcal{G}}$ is built from an inverse semigroup $S_{\mathcal{G}}$ naturally associated to $\mathcal{G}$.
On Diagonal bimodules of étale groupoid $C^*$-algebras
本文研究了微分群体 $C^*$-代数的对角双模的谱性，证明其在不同群作用下的不变性，并应用该框架分析了理想和子代数的谱性。
Isotropy fibers of ideals in groupoid C$^{*}$-algebras
该研究探讨局部紧平展群胚的群胚C$^*$-代数中理想与其迷向群的群C$^*$-代数理想族的决定关系，并应用该结论得到真理想与本原理想的包含关系、极大理想描述及一类分次群胚本原理想的分类结果。
Let $R$ be a unital ring, let $E$ be a directed graph and recall that the Leavitt path algebra $L_R(E)$ carries a natural $\mathbb{Z}$-gradation. We show that $L_R(E)$ is strongly $\mathbb{Z}$-graded if and only if $E$ is row-finite, has no sink, and satisfies Condition (Y). Our result generalizes a recent result by Clark, Hazrat and Rigby, and the proof is short and self-contained.
Shubin calculi for actions of graded Lie groups
本文用群胚方法为分次李群在分次向量空间上的作用建立渐近完备的 Shubin 型伪微分算子演算，刻画椭圆性、Rockland 条件、映射性质与谱。
Suppose that $R$ is an associative unital ring and that $E=(E^0,E^1,r,s)$ is a directed graph. Utilizing results from graded ring theory we show, that the associated Leavitt path algebra $L_R(E)$ is simple if and only if $R$ is simple, $E^0$ has no nontrivial hereditary and saturated subset, and every cycle in $E$ has an exit. We also give a complete description of the center of a simple Leavitt path algebra.
We study deformation of tube algebra under twisting of graded monoidal categories. When a tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ is graded over a group $Γ$, a torus-valued 3-cocycle on $Γ$ can be used to deform the associator of $\mathcal{C}$. Based on a natural Fell bundle structure of the tube algebra over the action groupoid of the adjoint action of $Γ$, we show that the tube algebra of the twisted category is a 2-cocycle twisting of the original one.
We consider the amenability of groupoids $G$ equipped with a group valued cocycle $c:G\to Q$ with amenable kernel $c^{-1}(e)$. We prove a general result which implies, in particular, that $G$ is amenable whenever $Q$ is amenable and if there is countable set $D\subset G$ such that $c(G^{u})D=Q$ for all $u\in G^{(0)}$. We show that our result is applicable to groupoids arising from partial semigroup actions. We explore these actions in detail and show that these groupoids include those arising from directed graphs, higher rank graphs and even topological higher rank graphs. We believe our metho…
Given a continuous open surjective morphism $π:G\to H$ of étale groupoids with amenable kernel, we construct a Fell bundle $E$ over $H$ and prove that its C*-algebra $C^*_r(E)$ is isomorphic to $C^*_r(G)$. This is related to results of Fell concerning C*-algebraic bundles over groups. The case $H=X$, a locally compact space, was treated earlier by Ramazan. We conclude that $C^*_r(G)$ is strongly Morita equivalent to a crossed product, the C*-algebra of a Fell bundle arising from an action of the groupoid $H$ on a C*-bundle over $H^0$. We apply the theory to groupoid morphisms obtained from ext…
(Non)exotic completions of the group algebras of isotropy groups
本文研究étale群胚约化C$^*$-代数上的范数，证明其诱导迷向群群代数上的C$^*$-范数，并指出该范数在变换群胚中为约化范数，但在某些芽群胚中可为奇异范数，同时给出保持约化范数的分次群胚类。
Let $\mathcal G$ be an ultragraph and let $K$ be a field. We describe prime and primitive ideals in the ultragraph Leavitt path algebra $L_K(\mathcal G)$. We identify the graded prime ideals in terms of downward directed sets and then we characterize the non-graded prime ideals. We show that the non-graded prime ideals of $L_K(\mathcal G)$ are always primitive.
Roe algebras and coarse index maps for spaces with proper actions of {é}tale groupoids. I
本文为étale群胚真作用空间建立等变Roe代数与K-理论框架，构造粗指标映射的接收函子，并证明满足条件的群胚单纯复形存在通用模。
An introduction to separated graphs and their type semigroups
本文介绍与有向图相关的C*代数及其两种推广，探讨类型半群的计算方法及不同动力系统中类型半群的结构。
Cup and cap products for cohomology and homology groups of ample groupoids
本文研究丰富群胚上同调与同调中的杯积和帽积，给出清晰定义，并应用帽积分析群胚C*-代数自同构的渐近内性，首次显式计算平铺空间上同调中的杯积。
Let E be a second-countable, locally compact, Hausdorff groupoid equipped with an action of T such that G:=E/T is a principal groupoid with Haar system λ. The twisted groupoid C*-algebra C*(E;G,λ) is a quotient of the C*-algebra of E obtained by completing the space of T-equivariant functions on E. We show that C*(E;G,λ) is postliminal if and only if the orbit space of G is T_0 and that C*(E;G, λ) is liminal if and only if the orbit space is T_1. We also show that C*(E;G, λ) has bounded trace if and only if G is integrable and that C*(E;G, λ) is a Fell algebra if and only if G is Cartan. Let \…
The graph groupoids of directed graphs are topologically isomorphic if and only if there is a diagonal-preserving ring *-isomorphism between the Leavitt path algebras.
We introduce twisted Steinberg algebras over a commutative unital ring $R$. These generalise Steinberg algebras and are a purely algebraic analogue of Renault's twisted groupoid C*-algebras. In particular, for each ample Hausdorff groupoid $G$ and each locally constant $2$-cocycle $σ$ on $G$ taking values in the units $R^\times$, we study the algebra $A_R(G,σ)$ consisting of locally constant compactly supported $R$-valued functions on $G$, with convolution and involution "twisted" by $σ$. We also introduce a "discretised" analogue of a twist $Σ$ over a Hausdorff étale groupoid $G$, and we show…
Pseudo-differential extension for graded nilpotent Lie groups
本文研究分级幂零李群上零阶经典伪微分算子的 $C^*$-闭包，利用切群oid中理想的伸缩作用广义不动点代数，证明其为主符号非交换代数的紧算子扩张，并据此计算符号代数的 $K$-理论。
Conjugacy of local homeomorphisms via groupoids and C*-algebras
本文利用群胚与 C*-代数的同构刻画局部紧豪斯多夫空间上部分定义局部同胚系统的拓扑共轭性，推广了 Matsumoto 等人的近期结果。
In this paper we describe a new method of defining C*-algebras from oriented combinatorial data, thereby generalizing the constructions of algebras from directed graphs, higher-rank graphs, and ordered groups. We show that only the most elementary notions of concatenation and cancellation of paths are required to define versions of Cuntz-Krieger and Toeplitz-Cuntz-Krieger algebras, and the presentation by generators and relations follows naturally. We give sufficient conditions for the existence of an AF core, hence of the nuclearity of the C*-algebras, and for aperiodicity, which is used to p…
We establish exact sequences in $KK$-theory for graded relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras associated to nondegenerate $C^*$-correspondences. We use this to calculate the graded $K$-theory and $K$-homology of relative Cuntz-Krieger algebras of directed graphs for gradings induced by $\{0,1\}$-valued labellings of their edge sets.
The ideal structure of Exel-Pardo algebras and their higher rank analogues
研究可数群在可数有向图上的伪自由自相似作用，给出顶点稳定子不贡献于Exel-Pardo代数理想结构的条件，并完全描述其本原理想空间。
We consider self-similar actions of groupoids on the path spaces of finite directed graphs, and construct examples of such self-similar actions using a suitable notion of graph automaton. Self-similar groupoid actions have a Cuntz-Pimsner algebra and a Toeplitz algebra, both of which carry natural dynamics lifted from the gauge actions. We study the equilibrium states (the KMS states) on the resulting dynamical systems. Above a critical inverse temperature, the KMS states on the Toeplitz algebra are parametrised by the traces on the full $C^*$-algebra of the groupoid, and we describe a program…
KK-duality for self-similar groupoid actions on graphs
本文将Nekrashevych的KK-对偶从自相似群作用推广到图上自相似群胚作用，去除递归条件并将有限字母表推广为有限图，证明相关C*-代数与Smale空间的Ruelle代数强Morita等价，从而得到Spanier-Whitehead对偶。
Orbit-breaking in Deaconu-Renault groupoids and models for UCT Kirchberg algebras
本文将轨道破缺推广到满射局部同胚，构造出开子群胚，其C*-代数为UCT Kirchberg代数，并给出到O_2的嵌入，实现所有稳定UCT Kirchberg代数及K-群同态诱导的*-同态。
A characterization is given for directed graphs that yield graph $C^*$-algebras with continuous trace. This is established for row-finite graphs with no sources first using a groupoid approach, and extended to the general case via the Drinen-Tomforde desingularization. Partial results are given to characterize higher-rank graphs that yield $C^*$-algebras with continuous trace.
We give conditions for when continuous orbit equivalence of one-sided shift spaces implies flow equivalence of the associated two-sided shift spaces. Using groupoid techniques, we prove that this is always the case for shifts of finite type. This generalises a result of Matsumoto and Matui from the irreducible to the general case. We also prove that a pair of one-sided shift spaces of finite type are continuously orbit equivalent if and only if their groupoids are isomorphic, and that the corresponding two-sided shifts are flow equivalent if and only if the groupoids are stably isomorphic. As …
The paper deals with $C^*$-algebras generated by a net of Hilbert spaces over a partially ordered set. The family of those algebras constitutes a net of $C^*$-algebras over the same set. It is shown that every such an algebra is graded by the first homotopy group of the partially ordered set. We consider inductive systems of $C^*$-algebras and their limits over maximal directed subsets. We also study properties of morphisms for nets of Hilbert spaces as well as nets of $C^*$-algebras.
The universal property of graded $KK^G$-theory
本文通过观察' $KK$-公理'，确立了对于 $\mathbb{Z}_2$-带权 $C^*$-代数的群状等变 $KK^G$-理论的普遍范畴特征，扩展了Higson对非带权 $C^*$-代数 $KK $-理论的刻画。
Twisted operator algebras of self-similar groupoid actions on arbitrary graphs
本文研究自相似群体作用在任意图上的扭曲运算代数，推广了经典唯一性定理，并探讨了代数的简单性和理想消失条件。
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