In this work, we study the thermodynamic properties of a photon gas in a heat bath within the context of higher-derivative electrodynamics. Specifically, we analyze Podolsky's theory and its extension involving the Lorentz symmetry violation recently proposed in the literature. First, we use the concept of the number of available states of the system in order to construct the partition function. Next, we calculate the main thermodynamic functions: Helmholtz free energy, mean energy, entropy, and heat capacity. In particular, we verify that there exist significant changes in heat capacity and mean energy due to Lorentz violation. Additionally, the modification of the black body radiation and the correction to the Stefan-Boltzmann law in the context of the primordial inflationary universe are provided for both theories as well.
In this paper we investigate how electromagnetic duality survives derivative corrections to classical non-linear electrodynamics. In particular, we establish that electromagnetic selfduality is satisfied to all orders in $α'$ for the four-point function sector of the four dimensional open string effective action.
Three-loop quantum corrections to the effective action are calculated for N=1 supersymmetric electrodynamics, regularized by higher derivatives. Using the obtained results we investigate the anomaly puzzle in the considered model.
For the massless N=1supersymmetric electrodynamics, regularized by higher derivatives, the Feynman diagrams, which define the divergent part of the two-point Green function and can not be found from Schwinger-Dyson equations and Ward identities, are partially summed. The result can be written as a special identity for Green functions.
It is shown how operator regularization can be used to obtain an expansion of the effective action in powers of derivatives of the background field. This is applied to massless scalar electrodynamics to find the one-loop corrections to the kinetic terms associated with both the scalar and vector fields in arbitrary gauge. This allows us to examine the radiatively induced masses arising in this model.
Two-loop $β$-function and anomalous dimension are calculated for N=1 supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics, regularized by higher derivatives in the minimal subtraction scheme. The result for two-loop contribution to the $β$-function appears to be equal to 0, does not depend on the form of regularizing term and does not lead to anomaly puzzle. Two-loop anomalous dimension can be also made independent on parameters of higher derivative regularization by a special choice of subtraction scheme.
In this work we apply the Matsubara-Fradkin formalism and the Nakanishi's auxiliary field method to the quantization of the Podolsky electrodynamics in thermodynamic equilibrium. This approach allows us to write consistently the path integral representation for the partition function of gauge theories in a simple manner. Furthermore, we find the Dyson-Schwinger-Fradkin equations and the Ward-Fradkin-Takahashi identities for the Podolsky theory. We also write the most general form for the polarization tensor in thermodynamic equilibrium.
We study the thermodynamical properties of electrically charged black hole solutions of a nonlinear electrodynamics theory defined by a power p of the Maxwell invariant, which is coupled to Einstein gravity in four and higher spacetime dimensions. Depending on the range of the parameter p, these solutions present different asymptotic behaviors. We compute the Euclidean action with the appropriate boundary term in the grand canonical ensemble. The thermodynamical quantities are identified and in particular, the mass and the charge are shown to be finite for all classes of solutions. Interesting…
In this paper, we investigate an electrodynamics in which the physical modes are coupled to a Lorentz-violating (LV) background by means of a higher-derivative term. We analyze the modes associated with the dispersion relations (DRs) obtained from the poles of the propagator. More specifically, we study Maxwell's electrodynamics modified by a LV operator of mass dimension 6. The modification has the form ${D_{βα}}\partial_σF^{σβ}\partial_λ F^{λα}$, i.e., it possesses two additional derivatives coupled to a \textit{CPT}-even tensor $D_{βα}$ that plays the role of the fixed background. We first …
In this paper, we construct a new class of topological black hole Lifshitz solutions in the presence of nonlinear exponential electrodynamics for Einstein-dilaton gravity. We show that the reality of Lifshitz supporting Maxwell matter fields exclude the negative horizon curvature solutions except for the asymptotic AdS case. Calculating the conserved and thermodynamical quantities, we obtain a Smarr type formula for the mass and confirm that thermodynamics first law is satisfied on the black hole horizon. Afterward, we study the thermal stability of our solutions and figure out the effects of …
We investigate black hole solutions in the Einstein-Born-Infeld system. We clarify the role played by derivative corrections to the Born-Infeld (BI) action. The qulitative differences from the case without derivative corrections are: (i) there is no particlelike solution. (ii) the existence of the inner horizon is restricted to the near extreme solutions. (iii) contribution of the BI parameter $b$ to the gravitational mass and the Hawking temperature works in the opposite direction.
In this paper, we obtain topological black hole solutions of third order Lovelock gravity couple with two classes of Born-Infeld type nonlinear electrodynamics with anti-de Sitter asymptotic structure. We investigate geometric and thermodynamics properties of the solutions and obtain conserved quantities of the black holes. We examine the first law of thermodynamics and find that the conserved and thermodynamic quantities of the black hole solutions satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. Finally, we calculate the heat capacity and determinant of Hessian matrix to evaluate thermal stability i…
In this work we study thermodynamics of 2+1-dimensional static black holes with a nonlinear electric field. Besides employing the standard thermodynamic approach, we investigate the black hole thermodynamics by studying its thermodynamic geometry. We compute the Weinhold and Ruppeiner metrics and compare the thermodynamic geometry with the standard description on the black hole thermodynamics. We further consider the cosmological constant as an additional extensive thermodynamic variable. In the thermodynamic equilibrium three dimensional space, we compute the efficiency of the heat engine and…
In this work the generation of generalized Chern-Simons terms in three dimensional quantum electrodynamics with high spatial derivatives is studied. We analyze the self-energy corrections to the gauge field propagator by considering an expansion of the amplitude up to third order in the external momenta. The divergences of the corrections are determined and explicit forms for the Chern-Simons terms with high derivatives are obtained. Some unusual aspects of the calculation are stressed and the existence of a smooth isotropic limit is proved. The transversality of the anisotropic gauge propagat…
We study the conductivity from higher derivative electrodynamics in a holographic quantum critical phase (QCP). Two key features of this model are observed. First, a rescaling for the Euclidean frequency by a constant is needed when fitting the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) data for the $O(2)$ QCP. We conclude that it is a common characteristic of the higher derivative electrodynamics. Second, both the Drude-like peak at low frequency and the pronounced peak can simultaneously emerge. They are more evident for the relevant operators than for the irrelevant operators. In addition, our result also f…
We construct an exact black hole solution for the Einstein gravity coupled with the nonlinear electrodynamics (which corresponds to the Maxwell electrodynamics in the weak field limit) in the presence of a cloud of strings as the source. We study the thermodynamical properties of the black hole solutions and derive the corrected first-law of thermodynamics. The presence of a cloud of strings does not affect the stability of the present black hole. However, a second-order phase transition exists for this system at a critical horizon radius. Furthermore, we study the quasinormal modes and their …
In this paper we demonstrate the arising of higher-derivative contributions to the effective action of electrodynamics on the base of generalized Julia-Toulouse mechanism and explicitly show that the complete effective action generated within this methodology is nonlocal.
Some calculations in supersymmetric theories, made with the higher derivative regularization, show that the beta-function is given by integrals of total derivatives. This is qualitatively explained for the N=1 supersymmetric electrodynamics in all orders.
We study inflation for a quantum scalar electrodynamics model in curved space-time and for higher-derivative quantum gravity (QG) coupled with scalar electrodynamics. The corresponding renormalization-group (RG) improved potential is evaluated for both theories in Jordan frame where non-minimal scalar-gravitational coupling sector is explicitly kept. The role of one-loop quantum corrections is investigated by showing how these corrections enter in the expressions for the slow-roll parameters, the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio and how they influence the bound of the Hubble param…
For the the quintic quasitopological action which has no well-defined variational principle, we introduced a surface term that for a spacetime with flat boundaries make the action well-defined. Moreover, we investigated the numerical solutions of the above-mentioned gravity coupled to the nonlinear logarithmic and exponential electrodynamics. It has no horizon and curvature except one conical singularity at $r=0$ with a deficit angle $δϕ$. Also we found the counterterm which removes non-logarithmic divergences for the static quintic quasitopological gravity. Using this counterterm one can calc…
Calculations of the two-loop $β$-function for N=1 supersymmetric electrodynamics are compared for regularizations by higher derivatives and by the dimensional reduction. The renormalized effective action are found to be the same for both regularizations. However, unlike the dimensional reduction, the higher derivative regularization does not lead to anomaly puzzle, because it allows to perform correct calculation of diagrams with insertions of counterterms. In particular, using this method a contribution of diagrams with insertions of counterterms is calculated exactly to all orders. This cont…
The construction of an alternative electromagnetic theory that preserves Lorentz and gauge symmetries, is considered. We start off by building up Maxwell electrodynamics in (3+1)D from the assumption that the associated Lagrangian is a gauge-invariant functional that depends on the electron and photon fields and their first derivatives only. In this scenario, as well-known, it is not possible to set up a Lorentz invariant gauge theory containing a massive photon. We show nevertheless that there exist two radically different electrodynamics, namely, the Chern-Simons and the Podolsky formulation…
In the present article we study the Inverse Electrodynamics Model. This model is a gauge and parity invariant non-linear Electrodynamics theory, which respects the conformal invariance of standard Electrodynamics. This modified Electrodynamics model, when minimally coupled to General Relativity, is compatible with static and spherically symmetric Reissner-Nordstrom-like black-hole solutions. However, these black-hole solutions present more complex thermodynamic properties than their Reissner-Nordstrom black-hole solutions counterparts in standard Electrodynamics. In particular, in the Inverse …
We discuss the thermodynamics of a general nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) asymptotically flat black hole enclosed in a finite spherical cavity. A canonical ensemble is considered, which means that the temperature and the charge on the wall of the cavity are fixed. After the free energy is obtained by computing the Euclidean action, it shows that the first law of thermodynamics is satisfied at the locally stationary points of the free energy. Focusing on a Born-Infeld (BI) black hole in a cavity, the phase structure and transition in various regions of the parameter space are investigated. In…
We study the dynamical behavior of spinor particles, and get the energy-momentum relation of charged particles by solving the Dirac equation. Based on the energy-momentum relation, we investigate the laws of thermodynamics and the weak cosmic censorship conjecture for the (2+1)-dimensional regular black hole with nonlinear electrodynamics sources in the normal phase space and the extended phase space. Our results show that the first law of thermodynamics as well as the weak cosmic censorship conjecture are valid in both the phase spaces. However, the second law of thermodynamics is violated in…
In this paper we consider some new classical effects obtained for a planar electrodynamics with the presence of a higher order derivatives term. The model can be interpreted as a kind of extension for the $3d$ Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics with higher order derivatives. We consider setups with stationary field sources describing point-like charges and Dirac points. We also investigate this model with the presence of a conducting line (in $3d$ dimensions, it is the equivalent of a conducting plate in $4d$ dimensions). In this case we calculate the propagator for the gauge field and the i…
We first obtain the $D$-dimensional asymptotically AdS charged black hole solution in general nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED). We then use the Hamilton-Jacobi method to describe the motion in curved spacetime of a scalar particle and a fermion, which, as we show, satisfy the same Hamilton-Jacobi equation. With absorbing a charged particle, the variation of the generic charged NLED black hole is calculated in the normal and extended phase spaces. In the normal phase space, where the cosmological constant and dimensionful parameters in NLED are fixed, the first and second laws of thermodynamics…
For the N=1 supersymmetric massless electrodynamics, regularized by higher derivatives, we describe a method, by which one can try to prove the new identity for the Green functions, which was proposed earlier. Using this method we show that some contribution to the new identity are really 0.
We consider a higher-derivative extension of QED modified by the addition of a gauge-invariant dimension-6 kinetic operator in the U(1) gauge sector. The Feynman diagrams at one-loop level are then computed. The modification in the spin-1 sector leads the electron self-energy and vertex corrections diagrams finite in the ultraviolet regime. Indeed, no regularization prescription is used to calculate these diagrams because the modified propagator always occurs coupled to conserved currents. Moreover, besides the usual massless pole in the spin-1 sector, there is the emergence of a massive one, …
The aim of this work is to discuss some aspects of the reduction of order formalism in the context of the Fadeev-Jackiw symplectic formalism, both at the classical and the quantum level. We start by reviewing the symplectic analysis in a regular theory (a higher derivative massless scalar theory), both using the Ostrogradsky prescription and also by reducing the order of the Lagrangian with an auxiliary field, showing the equivalence of these two approaches. The interpretation of the degrees of freedom is discussed in some detail. Finally, we perform the similar analysis in a singular higher d…
In an effective field theory approach to gravity, the Einstein-Hilbert action is supplemented by higher derivative terms. In the absence of matter, four derivative terms can be eliminated by a field redefinition. We use the Euclidean action to calculate analytically the corrections to thermodynamic quantities of the Kerr solution arising from terms with six or eight derivatives. The eight derivative terms make a non-negative correction to the entropy (at fixed mass and angular momentum) if their coefficients have appropriate signs. The correction from the six derivative terms does not have a d…
We obtain an exact solution of $AdS$ black hole solution in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics. It interpolates with the $AdS$ regular black hole and $AdS$ EGB black hole in the absence of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant and both magnetic monopole charge and deviation parameter, respectively. Based on horizon thermodynamics, we study the thermodynamic properties of the obtained solution (e.g. mass, temperature, entropy, heat capacity and free energy). The Hawking temperature of the nonsingular black hole gets the maximum value at the point where speci…
We consider the Lee-Wick (LW) finite electrodynamics, i.e., the U(1) gauge theory where a (gauge-invariant) dimension-6 operator containing higher-derivatives is added to the free Lagrangian of the U(1) sector. Three bounds on the LW heavy photon mass are then estimated. It is amazing that one of these bounds, actually the most reliable one, is of the order of the vectorial bosons masses found in nature. The lowest order modification of the Coulomb potential due to the presence of the higher-derivative term is obtained afterward by means of two outstanding methods: one of them is based on the …
We have obtained an exact solution for a static black hole in the theory with nonminimal derivative coupling of a scalar field and gravity with a power-law Maxwell field minimally coupled to gravity. Supposing that the black hole might be topological we examined the obtained solution. We also investigated black hole thermodynamics using Wald procedure for calculation of entropy of the black hole.
Using Schwinger-Dyson equations and Ward identities in N=1 supersymmetric electrodynamics, regularized by higher derivatives, we find, that it is possible to calculate some contributions to the two-point Green function of the gauge field and to the beta-function exactly to all orders of the perturbation theory. The results are applied for the investigation of the anomaly puzzle in the considered theory.
We examine the $(n+1)$-dimensional $(n\geq3)$ action in which gravity is coupled to the Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamic and a dilaton field. We construct a new $(n+1)$-dimensional analytic solution of this theory in the presence of Liouville-type dilaton potentials. These solutions which describe charged topological dilaton black holes with nonlinear electrodynamics, have unusual asymptotics. They are neither asymptotically flat nor (anti)-de Sitter. The event horizons of these black holes can be an $(n-1)$-dimensional positive, zero or negative constant curvature hypersurface. We also an…
The electric and magnetic black hole solutions are found by coupling the recently introduced nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) model, called "double logharitmic nonlinear electrodynamics" with cosmological Einstein gravity. The solutions become Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black hole in the weak field limit and asymptotically. The electric solution is expressed as an integral equation while the magnetic black hole solution is expressed in terms of elementary functions. Hence, the thermodynamic structure of the magnetic black hole solution is analyzed by deriving the modified Smarr's formula and study…
In this work we consider black hole solutions to Einstein theory coupled to a nonlinear power-law electromagnetic field with a fixed exponent value. We study the extended phase space thermodynamics in canonical and grand canonical ensembles where the varying cosmological constant plays the role of an effective thermodynamic pressure. We examine thermodynamical phase transitions in such black hols and find that both first and second order phase transitions can occur in the canonical ensemble, while for the grand canonical ensemble the Hawking-Page and second order phase transitions are allowed.
Using functional derivatives with respect to free propagators and interactions we derive a closed set of Schwinger-Dyson equations in quantum electrodynamics. Its conversion to graphical recursion relations allows us to systematically generate all connected and one-particle irreducible Feynman diagrams for the $n$-point functions and the vacuum energy together with their correct weights.
We analyze the component structure of models for 4D N = 1 supersymmetric nonlinear electrodynamics that enjoy invariance under continuous duality rotations. The N = 1 supersymmetric Born-Infeld action is a member of this family. Such dynamical systems have a more complicated structure, especially in the presence of supergravity, as compared with well-studied effective supersymmetric theories containing at most two derivatives (including nonlinear Kahler sigma-models). As a result, when deriving their canonically normalized component actions, it becomes impractical and cumbersome to follow the …
In the superfield formalism, two higher-derivative kinetic operators (Lee-Wick operators) are implemented into the standard three dimensional supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics for improving its ultraviolet behavior. It is shown in particular that the ghosts associated with these Lee-Wick operators allow to remove all ultraviolet divergences in the scalar and gauge self-energies at two-loop level.
Causality Constraints on Black Hole Thermodynamics in Nonlinear Electrodynamics
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University（庆应义塾大学理工学研究科）；Keio University Sustainable Quantum Artificial Intelligence Center (KSQAIC), Keio University（庆应义塾大学可持续量子人工智能中心）；Quantum Computing Center, Keio University（庆应义塾大学量子计算中心）；Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo（东京大学大学院人文社会系研究科/理学研究科）；QAT team, DIENS, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, INRIA（法国国家科学研究中心、巴黎文理研究大学、高等师范学校、INRIA联合量子算法团队）；University of Tokyo（东京大学）
We obtain a slowly rotating black hole solution in the scalar-tensor theory of gravity with nonminimal derivative coupling to the Einstein tensor. Properties of the obtained solution have been examined carefully. We also investigate the thermodynamics of the given black hole. To obtain thermodynamic functions, namely its entropy we use the Wald procedure which is suitable for quite general diffeomorphism-invariant theories. The applied approach allowed us to obtain the expression for entropy and the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Having introduced thermodynamic pressure which is relat…
In this work, a new class of slowly rotating black hole solutions in dilaton gravity has been obtained where dilaton field is coupled with nonlinear Maxwell invariant. The background space-time is a stationary axisymmetric geometry. Here, it has been shown that the dilaton potential can be written in the form of generalized three Liouville-type potentials. In the presence of this three Liouville-type dilaton potential, the asymptotic behavior of the obtained solutions are neither flat nor (A)dS. One bizarre property of the electric field is that the electric field goes to zero when $r\rightarr…
We speculate on Dyson series for the $S$-matrix when the interaction depends on derivatives of the fields. We stick on two particular examples: the scalar electrodynamics and the renormalised $ϕ^4$ theory. We eventually give evidence that Lorentz invariance is satisfied and that usual Feynman rules can be applied to the interaction Lagrangian.
We consider the fermionic contributions to the free energy of noncommutative QED at finite temperature $T$. This analysis extends the main results of our previous investigation where we have considered the pure bosonic sector of the theory. For large values of $θT^2$ ($θ$ is the magnitude of the noncommutative parameters) the fermionic contributions decrease the value of the critical temperature, above which there occurs a thermodynamic instability.
