Some necessary and sufficient conditions are found for Banach function lattices to have the Radon-Nikodým property. Consequently it is shown that an Orlicz space $L_φ$ over a non-atomic $σ$-finite measure space $(Ω, Σ,μ)$, not necessarily separable, has the Radon-Nikodým property if and only if $φ$ is an $N$-function at infinity and satisfies the appropriate $Δ_2$ condition. For an Orlicz sequence space $\ell_φ$, it has the Radon-Nikodým property if and only if $φ$ satisfies condition $Δ_2^0$. In the second part the relationships between uniformly $\ell_1^2$ points of the unit sphere of a Banach space and the diameter of the slices are studied. Using these results, a quick proof is given that an Orlicz space $L_φ$ has the Daugavet property only if $φ$ is linear, so when $L_φ$ is isometric to $L_1$. The other consequence is that the Orlicz spaces equipped with the Orlicz norm generated by $N$-functions never have local diameter two property, while it is well-known that when equipped with the Luxemburg norm, it may have that property. Finally, it is shown that the local diameter two property, the diameter two property, the strong diameter two property are equivalent in function and sequence Orlicz spaces with the Luxemburg norm under appropriate conditions on $φ$.
The aim of this note is to establish two Radon--Nikodym type theorems for nonnegative Hermitian forms defined on a real or complex vector space. We apply these results to prove the known Radon--Nikodym theorems of the theory of representable positive functionals, $σ$-additive and finitely additive measures.
Given an Orlicz $N$-function $φ$ and a positive decreasing weight $w$, we present criteria of the diameter two property and of the Radon-Nikodým property in Orlicz-Lorentz function and sequence spaces $Λ_{φ,w}$ and $λ_{φ,w}$. We show that in the spaces $Λ_{φ,w}$ or $λ_{φ,w}$ equipped with the Luxemburg norm, the diameter of any relatively weakly subset of the unit ball in these spaces is two if and only if $φ$ does not satisfy the appropriate $Δ_2$ condition, while they have the Radon-Nikodým property if and only if $φ$ satisfies the appropriate $Δ_2$ condition.
Let X be a separable Banach space and Y a space which has the Radon-Nikodym property. In this work, we show that L(X, Y) has the Radon-Nikodym property, if L(X, Y) is weakly locally uniformly convex or if L(X, Y) is a weakly compactly gen- erated space.
Let $X$ be a Banach space $E$ a Köthe function space that does not contain $c_0$. It is shown that the vector valued function space $E(X)$ has the Near Radon Nikodym property if and only if $X$ does.
It is well known that every bounded below and non increasing sequence in the real line converges. We give a version of this result valid in Banach spaces with the Radon-Nikodym property, thus extending a former result of A. Procházka.
We extend the well-known criterion of Lotz for the dual Radon-Nikodym property (RNP) of Banach lattices to finitely generated Banach $C(K)$-modules and Banach $C(K)$-modules of finite multiplicity. Namely, we prove that if $X$ is a Banach space from one of these classes then its Banach dual $X^\star$ has the RNP iff $X$ does not contain a closed subspace isomorphic to $\ell^1$.
Some topics concerning the Gould integral are presented here: new results of integrability on finite measure spaces with values in an M-space are given, together with a Radon-Nikodym theorem relative to a Gould-type integral of real functions with respect to a multisubmeasure.
If $μ_1,μ_2,\dots$ are positive measures on a measurable space $(X,Σ)$ and $v_1,v_2, \dots$ are elements of a Banach space ${\mathbb E}$ such that $\sum_{n=1}^\infty \|v_n\| μ_n(X) < \infty$, then $ω(S)= \sum_{n=1}^\infty v_n μ_n(S)$ defines a vector measure of bounded variation on $(X,Σ)$. We show ${\mathbb E}$ has the Radon-Nikodym property if and only if every ${\mathbb E}$-valued measure of bounded variation on $(X,Σ)$ is of this form. As an application of this result we show that under natural conditions an operator defined on positive measures, has a unique extension to an operator defin…
We present a natural and simple proof of the Radon - Nikodym theorem for measures with values in the space of bounded linear operators on a separable Hilbert space. This space is not separable, that is why it is essential to assume in the theorem that the range of the measure is separable. We also discuss distinctions between uniform and strong operator measures (Remark 3.3 to Lemma 3.2, Theorem 3.5 and its Corollary 3.6). Proof of this version of the Radon - Nikodym theorem either is not presented in known literature, or given for special cases and with some inaccuracies (see Comment at the e…
A compact space is said to be weakly Radon-Nikodým if it is homeomorphic to a weak*-compact subset of the dual of a Banach space not containing an isomorphic copy of $\ell_1$. In this work we provide an example of a continuous image of a Radon-Nikodým compact space which is not weakly Radon-Nikodým. Moreover, we define a superclass of the continuous images of weakly Radon-Nikodým compact spaces and study its relation with Corson compacta and weakly Radon-Nikodým compacta.
We construct a continuous image of a Radon-Nikodým compact space which is not Radon-Nikodým compact, solving the problem posed in the 80ties by Isaac Namioka.
A compact space is said to be weakly Radon-Nikodým (WRN) if it can be weak*-embedded into the dual of a Banach space not containing $\ell_1$. We investigate WRN Boolean algebras, i.e. algebras whose Stone space is WRN compact. We show that the class of WRN algebras and the class of minimally generated algebras are incomparable. In particular, we construct a minimally generated nonWRN Boolean algebra whose Stone space is a separable Rosenthal compactum, answering in this way a question of W. Marciszewski. We also study questions of J. Rodríguez and R. Haydon concerning measures and the existenc…
Group equivariant Radon-Nikodým property and its characterizations
Czech Technical University in Prague（布拉格捷克理工大学）；Institute of Mathematics, Czech Academy of Sciences（捷克科学院数学研究所）；Hanyang University（汉阳大学）；Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University（查理大学数学与物理学院）
We introduce the symmetric-Radon-Nikodým property (sRN property) for finitely generated s-tensor norms $β$ of order $n$ and prove a Lewis type theorem for s-tensor norms with this property. As a consequence, if $β$ is a projective s-tensor norm with the sRN property, then for every Asplund space $E$, the canonical map $\widetilde{\otimes}_β^{n,s} E' \to \Big(\widetilde{\otimes}_{β'}^{n,s} E \Big)'$ is a metric surjection. This can be rephrased as the isometric isomorphism $\mathcal{Q}^{min}(E) = \mathcal{Q}(E)$ for certain polynomial ideal $\Q$. We also relate the sRN property of an s-tensor n…
In this paper we define the Radon-Nikodym class (RN class) of locally convex topological vector spaces. The RN class is characterized in terms of the Radon-Nikodym theorem for vector measures using integrable by seminorm derivatives. It is shown that the RNP class of all complete Hausdorff locally convex spaces possessing the Radon-Nikodym property is properly contained in the RN class. As an application we present a Radon-Nikodym theorem for multimeasures with respect to the Pettis integrable multifunctions in terms of the RN class.
We clarify the relation between inverse systems, the Radon-Nikodym property, the Asymptotic Norming Property of James-Ho, and the GFDA spaces introduced in our earlier paper on differentiability of Lipschitz maps into Banach spaces.
We prove that a continuous image of a Radon-Nikodým compact space of weight less than b is Radon-Nikodým compact. As a Banach space counterpart, subspaces of Asplund generated Banach spaces of density character less than b are Asplund generated. In this case, in addition, there exists a subspace of an Asplund generated space which is not Asplund generated which has density character exactly b.
We study dentable maps from a closed convex subset of a Banach space into a metric space as an attempt of generalize the Radon-Nikodým property to a "less linear" frame. We note that a certain part of the theory can be developed in rather great generality. Indeed, we establish that the elements of the dual which are "strongly slicing" for a given uniformly continuous dentable function form a dense $\mathcal{G}_δ$ subset of the dual. As a consequence, the space of uniformly continuous dentable maps from a closed convex bounded set to a Banach space is a Banach space. However some interesting ap…
We prove a Rademacher-type theorem for Lipschitz mappings from a subset of a Carnot group to a Banach homogeneous group, equipped with a suitably weakened Radon-Nikodym property. We provide a metric area formula that applies to these mappings and more generally to all almost everywhere metrically differentiable Lipschitz mappings defined on a Carnot group.
We show that a geodesic metric space which does not admit bilipschitz embeddings into Banach spaces with the Radon-Nikodým property does not necessarily contain a bilipschitz image of a thick family of geodesics. This is done by showing that any thick family of geodesics is not Markov convex, and comparing this result with results of Cheeger-Kleiner, Lee-Naor, and Li. The result contrasts with the earlier result of the author that any Banach space without the Radon-Nikodým property contains a bilipschitz image of a thick family of geodesics.
In this article, we introduce local completely positive $k$-linear maps between locally $C^{\ast}$-algebras and obtain Stinespring type representation by adopting the notion of "invariance" defined by J. Heo for $k$-linear maps between $C^{\ast}$-algebras. Also, we supply the minimality condition to make certain that minimal representation is unique up to unitary equivalence. As a consequence, we prove Radon-Nikodým theorem for unbounded operator-valued local completely positive invariant $k$-linear maps. The obtained Radon-Nikodým derivative is a positive contraction on some Hilbert space wit…
In this paper we extend the theory of Henstock-Orlicz spaces with respect to vector measure. We study the integral representation of operators. Lastly we study Uniformly convexity, reflexivity and the Radon-Nikodym property of the Henstock-Orlicz spaces
Johnson and Schechtman (2009) characterized superreflexivity in terms of finite diamond graphs. The present author characterized the Radon-Nikodým property (RNP) for dual spaces in terms of the infinite diamond. This paper is devoted to further study of relations between metric characterizations of superreflexivity and the RNP for dual spaces. The main result is that finite subsets of any set $M$ whose embeddability characterizes the RNP for dual spaces, characterize superreflexivity. It is also observed that the converse statement does not hold, and that $M=\ell_2$ is a counterexample.
We characterize Banach spaces with polynomial numerical index 1 when they have the Radon-Nikodým property. The holomorphic numerical index is introduced and the characterization of the Banach space with holomorphic numerical index 1 is obtained when it has the Radon-Nikodým property.
We prove the differentiability of Lipschitz maps X-->V, where X is a complete metric measure space satisfying a doubling condition and a Poincaré inequality, and V is a Banach space with the Radon Nikodym Property (RNP). The proof depends on a new characterization of the differentiable structure on such metric measure spaces, in terms of directional derivatives in the direction of tangent vectors to suitable rectifiable curves.
We find a class of metric structures which do not admit bilipschitz embeddings into Banach spaces with the Radon-Nikodým property. Our proof relies on Chatterji's (1968) martingale characterization of the RNP and does not use the Cheeger's (1999) metric differentiation theory. The class includes the infinite diamond and both Laakso (2000) spaces. We also show that for each of these structures there is a non-RNP Banach space which does not admit its bilipschitz embedding. We prove that a dual Banach space does not have the RNP if and only if it admits a bilipschitz embedding of the infinite dia…
Let $(Ω,Σ,μ)$ be a $σ$-finite complete measure space, $τ:Ω\rightarrowΩ$ be a measurable transformation and $ϕ$ be an Orlicz function. In this article, first a necessary and sufficient condition for the bounded multiplication operator $M_u$ on Orlicz space $L^ϕ(Ω)$ induced by measurable function $u$ to be completely continuous has been established. Next by using Radon-Nikodym derivative $ω= \frac{d μ\circ τ^{-1}}{d μ}$, the multiplication operator $M_u$ on weighted Orlicz space $L^ϕ_ω(Ω)$ have been characterized.
Banach spaces without the Radon-Nikodým property are characterized as spaces containing bilipschitz images of thick families of geodesics defined as follows. A family $T$ of geodesics joining points $u$ and $v$ in a metric space is called {\it thick} if there is $α>0$ such that for every $g\in T$ and for any finite collection of points $r_1,...,r_n$ in the image of $g$, there is another $uv$-geodesic $\widetilde g\in T$ satisfying the conditions: $\widetilde g$ also passes through $r_1,...,r_n$, and, possibly, has some more common points with $g$. On the other hand, there is a finite collectio…
We prove that every Banach space, not necessarily separable, can be isometrically embedded into a $\mathcal L_{\infty}$-space in a way that the corresponding quotient has the Radon-Nikodym and the Schur properties. As a consequence, we obtain $\mathcal L_\infty$ spaces of arbitrary large densities with the Schur and the Radon-Nikodym properties. This extents the a classical result by J. Bourgain and G. Pisier.
We study when the integration maps of vector measures can be computed as pointwise limits of their finite rank Radon-Nikodým derivatives. We will show that this can sometimes be done, but there are also principal cases in which this cannot be done. The positive cases are obtained using the circle of ideas of the approximation property for Banach spaces. The negative ones are given by means of an adequate use of the Daugavet property. As an application, we analyse when the norm in a space of integrable functions $L^1(m)$ can be computed as a limit of the norms of the spaces of integrable functi…
For a measure space $Ω$ we extend the theory of Orlicz spaces generated by an even convex integrand $φ\colon Ω\times X \to \left[ 0, \infty \right]$ to the case when the range Banach space $X$ is arbitrary. Besides settling fundamental structural properties such as completeness, we characterize separability, reflexivity and represent the dual space. This representation includes the cases when $X'$ has no Radon-Nikodym property or $φ$ is unbounded. We apply our theory to represent convex conjugates and Fenchel-Moreau subdifferentials of integral functionals, leading to the first general such re…
Let $X$ be a Banach space and $Γ\subseteq X^*$ a total linear subspace. We study the concept of $Γ$-integrability for $X$-valued functions $f$ defined on a complete probability space, i.e. an analogue of Pettis integrability by dealing only with the compositions $\langle x^*,f \rangle$ for $x^*\in Γ$. We show that $Γ$-integrability and Pettis integrability are equivalent whenever $X$ has Plichko's property ($\mathcal{D}'$) (meaning that every $w^*$-sequentially closed subspace of $X^*$ is $w^*$-closed). This property is enjoyed by many Banach spaces including all spaces with $w^*$-angelic dual…
We give a short proof of the recent results that, for every $1\leq p< \infty,$ the Ces{à}ro function space $Ces_p(I)$ is not a dual space, has the weak Banach-Saks property and does not have the Radon-Nikodym property.
We study the $H^1$-projective Banach spaces. We prove that they have the Analytic Radon-Nikodym Property, and that they are cotype 2 spaces which satisfy Grothendieck's Theorem. We show also that the ultraproduct of $H^1$-projective spaces is $H^1$-projective. Other results are also discussed.
A densely defined composition operator in an $L^2$-space induced by a measurable transformation $ϕ$ is shown to be quasinormal if and only if the Radon-Nikodym derivatives $h_{ϕ^n}$ attached to powers $ϕ^n$ of $ϕ$ have the multiplicative property: $h_{ϕ^n} = h_ϕ^n$ almost everywhere for n = 0, 1, 2, ....
We show that a minor refinement of the Bourgain-Rosenthal construction of a Banach space without the Radon-Nikodym property which contains no bounded $δ$-trees yields a space with the Daugavet property and the Schur property. Using this example we answer some open questions on the structure of such spaces; in particular we show that the Daugavet property is not inherited by ultraproducts.
We consider the "order" analogues of some classical notions of Banach space geometry: extreme points and convex hulls. A Hahn-Banach type separation result is obtained, which allows us to establish an "order" Krein-Milman Theorem. We show that the unit ball of any infinite dimensional reflexive space contains uncountably many order extreme points, and investigate the set of positive norm-attaining functionals. Finally,we introduce the "solid" version of the Krein-Milman Property, and show it is equivalent to the Radon-Nikodym Property.
We study the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for numerical radius (in short, BPBp-nu) and find sufficient conditions for Banach spaces ensuring the BPBp-nu. Among other results, we show that $L_1(μ)$-spaces have this property for every measure $μ$. On the other hand, we show that every infinite-dimensional separable Banach space can be renormed to fail the BPBp-nu. In particular, this shows that the Radon-Nikodým property (even reflexivity) is not enough to get BPBp-nu.
We prove that the Lipschitz free space over a certain type of discrete metric space has the Radon-Nikodým property. We also show that the Lipschitz free space over a complete, locally compact metric space has the Schur or approximation property whenever the Lipschitz free space over each compact subset also has this property.
