We are concerned with non-constant positive radial solutions of the system $$ \left\{ \begin{aligned} S_k(D^2 u)&=|\nabla u|^{m} v^{p}&&\quad\mbox{ in }Ω,\\ S_k(D^2 v)&=|\nabla u|^{q} v^{s} &&\quad\mbox{ in }Ω, \end{aligned} \right. $$ where $S_k(D^2u)$ is the $k$-Hessian operator of $u\in C^2(Ω)$ ($1\leq k\leq N$) and $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ $(N\geq 2)$ is either a ball or the whole space. The exponents satisfy $q>0$, $m,s\geq 0$, $p\geq s\geq 0$ and $(k-m)(k-s)\neq pq$. In the case where $Ω$ is a ball, we classify all the positive radial solutions according to their behavior at the boundary. Further, we consider the case $Ω=\mathbb{R}^N$ and find that the above system admits non-constant positive radial solutions if and only if $0\leq m<k$ and $pq < (k-m)(k-s)$. Using arguments from three component cooperative and irreducible dynamical systems we deduce the behavior at infinity of such solutions.
In this article we consider the existence of positive radial solutions for Hessian equations and systems with weights and we give a necessary condition as well as a sufficient condition for a positive radial solution to be large. The method of proving theorems is essentially based on a successive approximation. Our results complete and improve a recently work published by Zhang and Zhou (Existence of entire positive k-convex radial solutions to Hessian equations and systems with weights, Applied Mathematics Letters, Volume 50, December 2015, Pages 48--55).
We characterize semistable radial solutions of the equation $S_k\left(D^2u\right)=g(u)\;\mbox{in } B_1$, where $B_1$ is the unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^n$, $D^2u$ is the Hessian matrix of $u,\,g$ is a positive $C^1$ nonlinearity and $S_k\left(D^2u\right)$ denotes the $k$-Hessian operator of $u$. This class of radial solutions has been recently introduced by the authors in [8]. The proofs are new relative to those given in [8] and focus on the structure of the equation directly, thereby improving some previous results.
We treat the exterior Dirichlet problem for a class of fully nonlinear elliptic equations of the form $$f(λ(D^2u))=g(x),$$ with prescribed asymptotic behavior at infinity. The equations of this type had been studied extensively by Caffarelli--Nirenberg--Spruck \cite{Caffarelli1985}, Trudinger \cite{Trudinger1995} and many others, and there had been significant discussions on the solvability of the classical Dirichlet problem via the continuity method, under the assumption that $f$ is a concave function. In this paper, based on the Perron's method, we establish an exterior existence and uniquen…
In this paper we deduce a formula for the fractional Laplace operator $(-Δ)^{s}$ on radially symmetric functions useful for some applications. We give a criterion of subharmonicity associated with $(-Δ)^{s}$, and apply it to a problem related to the Hessian inequality of Sobolev type: $$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|(-Δ)^{\frac{k}{k+1}} u|^{k+1} dx \le C \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} - u \, F_k[u] \, dx, $$ where $F_k$ is the $k$-Hessian operator on $\mathbb{R}^n$, $1\le k < \frac{n}{2}$, under some restrictions on a $k$-convex function $u$. In particular, we show that the class of $u$ for which the above inequal…
In this paper, we mainly establish the existence and uniqueness theorem for solutions of the exterior Dirichlet problem for a class of fully nonlinear second-order elliptic equations related to the eigenvalues of the Hessian, with prescribed generalized symmetric asymptotic behavior at infinity. Moreover, we give some new results for the Hessian equations, Hessian quotient equations and the special Lagrangian equations, which have been studied previously.
We devote this paper to study semi-stable nonconstant radial solutions of $S_k(D^2u) = w(|x|)g(u)$ on the Euclidean space $R^n$. We establish pointwise estimates and necessary conditions for the existence of such solutions (not necessarily bounded) for this equation. For bounded solutions we estimate their asymptotic behavior at infinity. All the estimates are given in terms of the spatial dimension $n$, the values of $k$ and the behavior at infinity of the growth rate function of $w$.
In this paper, we prove that any $W^{2,1}$ strong solution to second-order non-divergence form elliptic equations is locally $W^{2,\infty}$ and piecewise $C^{2}$ when the leading coefficients and data are of piecewise Dini mean oscillation and the lower-order terms are bounded. Somewhat surprisingly here the interfacial boundaries are only required to be $C^{1,\text{Dini}}$. We also derive global weak-type $(1,1)$ estimates with respect to $A_{1}$ Muckenhoupt weights. The corresponding results for the adjoint operator are established. Our estimates are independent of the distance between these…
In this paper, the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial radial convex solutions to general coupled system of $k_i$-Hessian equations in a unit ball are studied via a fixed-point theorem. In particular, we obtain the uniqueness of nontrivial radial convex solution and nonexistence of nontrivial radial $\boldsymbol{k}$-admissible solution to a power-type system coupled by $k_i$-Hessian equations in a unit ball. Moreover, using a generalized Krein-Rutman theorem, the existence of $\boldsymbol{k}$-admissible solutions to an eigenvalue problem in a general strictly $(k-1)$-convex domain is also…
We show that for any $δ\in [0,1)$ there exists a homogeneous order $2-δ$ analytic outside zero solution to a uniformly elliptic Hessian equation in R^5.
We derive a priori estimates for second order derivatives of solutions to a wide calss of fully nonlinear elliptic equations on Riemannian manifolds. The equations we consider naturally appear in geometric problems and other applications such as optimal transportation. There are some fundamental assumptions in the literature to ensure the equations to be elliptic and that one can apply Evans-Krylov theorem once estimates up to second derivatives are derived. However, in previous work one needed extra assumptions which are more technical in nature to overcome various difficulties. In this paper…
We consider the problem of existence and uniqueness of strong solutions $u: Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n \longrightarrow \mathbb{R}^N$ in $(H^{2}\cap H^{1}_0)(Ω)^N$ to the problem \[\label{1} \tag{1} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} F(\cdot,D^2u ) \,=\, f, \ \ \text{ in }Ω,\\ \hspace{31pt} u\,=\, 0, \ \ \text{ on }\partial Ω, \end{array} \right. \] when $ f\in L^2(Ω)^N$, $F$ is a Carathéodory map and $Ω$ is convex. \eqref{1} has been considered by several authors, firstly by Campanato and under Campanato's ellipticity condition. By employing a new weaker notion of ellipticity introduced in recent work of the…
We study Hessian fully nonlinear uniformly elliptic equations and show that the second derivatives of viscosity solutions of those equations (in 12 or more dimensions) can blow up in an interior point of the domain. We prove that the optimal interior regularity of such solutions is no more than C^{1+ε}, showing the optimality of the known interior regularity result. The same is proven for Isaacs equations. We prove the existence of non-smooth solutions to fully nonlinear Hessian uniformly elliptic equations in 11 dimensions. We study also the possible singularity of solutions of Hessian equati…
We use the octonion algebra to construct singular solutions of Hessian fully nonlinear uniformly elliptic equations in 21 or more dimensions. The regularity of these solutions is the least possible one. The same is proven for Isaacs equtions.
In this paper we give a new, less restrictive condition for removability of singular sets, $E$, of smooth solutions to the m-Hessian equation (and also for more general fully nonlinear elliptic equations) in $Ω\setminus E$, $Ω\subset \mathbb R^n$. Besides the existence and regularity results for these equations, the proof only makes use of the classical elliptic theory, i.e. the classical maximum principles and a Hopf lemma.
The curvature estimates of quotient curvature equation do not always exist even for convex setting \cite{GRW}. Thus it is natural question to find other type of elliptic equations possessing curvature estimates. In this paper, we discuss the existence of curvature estimate for fully nonlinear elliptic equations defined by symmetric polynomials, mainlly, the linear combination of elementary symmetric polynomials.
In this paper we prove Holder regularity of the derivative of radial solutions to fully nonlinear equations when the operator is hessian, homogenous of degree 1 in the Hessian, homogenous of some degree $α>-1$ in the gradient and which is elliptic when the gradient is not null.
We establish sharp $W^{2,p}$ regularity estimates for viscosity solutions of fully nonlinear elliptic equations under minimal, asymptotic assumptions on the governing operator $F$. By means of geometric tangential methods, we show that if the {\it recession} of the operator $F$ -- formally given by $F^*(M):=\infty^{-1} F(\infty M)$ -- is convex, then any viscosity solution to the original equation $F(D^2u) = f(x)$ is locally of class $W^{2,p}$, provided $f\in L^p$, $p>d$, with appropriate universal estimates. Our result extends to operators with variable coefficients and in this setting they a…
In this paper, we study negative classical solutions and stable solutions of the following $k$-Hessian equation $$ F_k(D^2V)=(-V)^p \quad in~R^n $$ with radial structure, where $n \geq 3$, $1<k<n/2$ and $p>1$. This equation is related to the extremal functions of the Hessian Sobolev inequality on the whole space. Several critical exponents including the Serrin type, the Sobolev type, and the Joseph-Lundgren type, play key roles in studying existence and decay rates. We believe that these critical exponents still come into play to research $k$-Hessian equations without radial structure.
Established in the 30's, Schauder {\it a priori} estimates are among the most classical and powerful tools in the analysis of problems ruled by 2nd order elliptic PDEs. Since then, a central problem in regularity theory has been to understand Schauder type estimates fashioning particular borderline scenarios. In such context, it has been a common accepted aphorism that the continuity of the Hessian of a solution could never be superior than the continuity of the medium. Notwithstanding, in this article we show that solutions to uniformly elliptic, linear equations with $C^{0,\barε}$ coefficien…
In this paper, we prove the existence of $C^{1,1}$-solution to the Dirichlet problem for degenerate elliptic $k$-Hessian equations $S_{k}[u]=f$ under a condition which is weaker than the condition $f^{1/k}\in C^{1,1}(\barΩ)$.
We show that for any $ε\in ]0,1[$ there exists an analytic outside zero solution to a uniformly elliptic conformal Hessian equation in a ball $B\subset\R^5$ which belongs to $C^{1,ε} (B)\setminus C^{1,ε+} (B)$.
We propose a least-squares method involving the recovery of the gradient and possibly the Hessian for elliptic equation in nondivergence form. As our approach is based on the Lax--Milgram theorem with the curl-free constraint built into the target (or cost) functional, the discrete spaces require no inf-sup stabilization. We show that standard conforming finite elements can be used yielding apriori and aposteriori convergnece results. We illustrate our findings with numerical experiments with uniform or adaptive mesh refinement.
Applying ideas of fractional analogue of Monge-Ampére operator by L. Caffarelli and F. Charro, we consider an analogue of fractional k-Hessian operators expressed as concave envelopes of fractional linear operators, and reproduce the same regularity results when k=2. Under the set up of global solutions prescribing data at infinity and global barriers, the key estimate is to prove that fractional 2-Hessian operator is strictly elliptic. Then we can apply nonlocal Evans-Krylov theorem to prove such solutions are classical.
This article is concerned with uniform $C^{1,α}$ and $C^{1,1}$ estimates in periodic homogenization of fully nonlinear elliptic equations. The analysis is based on the compactness method, which involves linearization of the operator at each approximation step. Due to the nonlinearity of the equations, the linearized operators involve the Hessian of correctors, which appear in the previous step. The involvement of the Hessian of the correctors deteriorates the regularity of the linearized operator, and sometimes even changes its oscillating pattern. These issues are resolved with new approximat…
In this note, we prove some non-existence results for Dirichlet problems of complex Hessian equations. The non-existence results are proved using the Pohozaev method. We also prove existence results for radially symmetric solutions. The main difference of the complex case with the real case is that we don't know if a priori radially symmetric property holds in the complex case.
This work presents the construction of the existence theory of radial solutions to the elliptic equation \begin{equation}\nonumber Δ^2 u = (-1)^k S_k[u] + λf(x), \qquad x \in B_1(0) \subset \mathbb{R}^N, \end{equation} provided either with Dirichlet boundary conditions \begin{eqnarray}\nonumber u = \partial_n u = 0, \qquad x \in \partial B_1(0), \end{eqnarray} or Navier boundary conditions \begin{equation}\nonumber u = Δu = 0, \qquad x \in \partial B_1(0), \end{equation} where the $k-$Hessian $S_k[u]$ is the $k^{\mathrm{th}}$ elementary symmetric polynomial of eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix…
We consider nonlinear fourth order elliptic equations of double divergence type. We show that for a certain class of equations where the nonlinearity is in the Hessian, solutions that are C^{2,alpha} enjoy interior estimates on all derivatives.
We establish new quantitative Hessian integrability estimates for viscosity supersolutions of fully nonlinear elliptic operators. As a corollary, we show that the optimal Hessian power integrability $\varepsilon = \varepsilon(λ, Λ, n)$ in the celebrated $W^{2, \varepsilon}$-regularity estimate satisfies $$\frac{ \left (1+ \frac{2}{3}\left(1- \fracλΛ \right )\right )^{n-1}}{\ln n^4} \cdot \left( \fracλΛ \right) ^{n-1} \le \varepsilon \le \frac{nλ}{(n-1)Λ+λ}, $$ where $n\ge 3$ is the dimension and $0< λ< Λ$ are the ellipticity constants. In particular, $\left( \fracΛλ \right) ^{n-1} \varepsilon(…
In this paper, two new results and short proofs are given for the existence of positive entire large and bounded radial positive solutions for a nonlinear system with gradient term. Our results complete and improve a recently work published by Zhang and Zhou. The main difficulty in dealing with our system is the presence of the convection term.
In this paper, we study Hessian equations and complex quotient equations on closed Hermitian manifolds. We directly derive the uniform estimate for the admissible solution. As an application, we solve general Hessian equations on closed Kähler manifolds.
We show how to construct a non-smooth solution to Hessian fully nonlinear second-order uniformly elliptic equation using the Cartan isoparametric cubic in 5 dimensions.
In this paper, we obtain the strong comparison principle and Hopf Lemma for locally Lipschitz viscosity solutions to a class of nonlinear degenerate elliptic operators of the form $\nabla^2 ψ+ L(x,\nabla ψ)$, including the conformal hessian operator.
We give a new proof of Bian-Guan's constant rank theorem for nonlinear elliptic equations. Our approach is to use a linear expression of the eigenvalues of the Hessian instead of quotients of elementary symmetric functions.
We study radial symmetry of large solutions of the semi-linear elliptic problem Δu + \nabla h.\nabla u = f(|x|,u), and we provide sharp conditions under which the problem has a radial solution. The result is independent of the rate of growth of the solution at infinity.
In this paper we prove existence of radial solutions for the nonlinear elliptic problem \[ -\mathrm{div}(A(|x|)\nabla u)+V(|x|)u=K(|x|)f(u) \quad \text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}, \] \noindent with suitable hypotheses on the radial potentials $A,V,K$. We first get compact embeddings of radial weighted Sobolev spaces into sum of weighted Lebesgue spaces, and then we apply standard variational techniques to get existence results.
In this paper, we study the exterior Dirichlet problem for the fully nonlinear elliptic equation $f(λ(D^{2}u))=1$. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions of existence of radial solutions with prescribed asymptotic behavior at infinity.
A delicate problem is to obtain existence of solutions to the boundary blow-up elliptic equation% \begin{equation*} σ_{k}^{1/k}\left( λ\left( D^{2}u\right) \right) =g\left( u\right) \text{ in }Ω\text{, }\underset{x\rightarrow x_{0}}{\lim }% u\left( x\right) =+\infty \text{ }\forall x_{0}\in \partial Ω\text{,} \end{equation*}% where $σ_{k}^{1/k}\left( λ\left( D^{2}u\right) \right) $ is the $k$-Hessian operator and $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{N}$ is a smooth bounded domain. Our goal is to provide a necessary and sufficient condition on $g$ to ensure existence of at least one positive blow-up solution.…
We obtain asymptotic mean-value formulas for solutions of second-order elliptic equations. Our approach is very flexible and allows us to consider several families of operators obtained as an infimum, a supremum, or a combination of both infimum and supremum, of linear operators. The families of equations that we consider include well-known operators such as Pucci, Issacs, and $k$-Hessian operators.
