A New Family of Boundary-Domain Integral Equations for the Dirichlet Problem of the Diffusion Equation in Inhomogeneous Media with $H^{-1}(Ω)$ Source Term on Lipschitz Domains
The interior Dirichlet boundary value problem for the diffusion equation in non-homogeneous media is reduced to a system of Boundary-Domain Integral Equations (BDIEs) employing the parametrix obtained in (Fresneda-Portillo, 2019) different from (Chkadua et. al 2009). We further extend the results obtained in (Fresneda-Portillo, 2019) for the mixed problem in a smooth domain with $L^{2}(Ω)$ right hand side to Lipschitz domains and source term $f$ in the Sobolev space $H^{-1}(Ω)$, where neither the classical nor the canonical co-normal derivatives are well defined. Equivalence between the system of BDIEs and the original BVP is proved along with their solvability and solution uniqueness in appropriate Sobolev spaces.
We establish two commutator estimates for the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map associated with a second-order elliptic system in divergence form in Lipschitz domains. Our approach is based on Dahlberg's bilinear estimates.
The Dirichlet-to-Neumann map associated to an elliptic partial differential equation becomes multivalued when the underlying Dirichlet problem is not uniquely solvable. The main objective of this paper is to present a systematic study of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map and its inverse, the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map, in the framework of linear relations in Hilbert spaces. Our treatment is inspired by abstract methods from extension theory of symmetric operators, utilizes the general theory of linear relations and makes use of some deep results on the regularity of the solutions of boundary value pr…
We introduce the class of quasiconvex Lipschitz domains, which covers both $C^1$ and convex domains, to the study of boundary unique continuation for elliptic operators. In particular, we prove the upper bound of the size of nodal sets for Dirichlet eigenfunctions of general elliptic equations in bounded quasiconvex Lipschitz domains. Our result is new even for Laplace operator in convex domains.
Using a distributed representation formula of the Gateaux derivative of the Dirichlet to Neumann map with respect to movements of a polygonal conductivity inclusion, [11], we extend the results obtained in [8] proving global Lipschitz stability for the determination of a polygonal conductivity inclusion embedded in a layered medium from knowledge of the Dirichlet to Neumann map.
We study spectral estimates of the divergence form uniform elliptic operators $-\textrm{div}[A(z) \nabla f(z)]$ with the Dirichlet boundary condition in bounded non-Lipschitz simply connected domains $Ω\subset \mathbb C$. The suggested method is based on the quasiconformal composition operators on Sobolev spaces with applications to the weighted Poincaré-Sobolev inequalities.
In the paper, we establish commutator estimates for the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map of Stokes systems in Lipschitz domains. The approach is based on Dahlberg's bilinear estimates, and the results may be regarded as an extension of [Dahlberg, Poisson semigroups and singular integrals, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 97(1986), no.1, 41-48.] and [Shen, Commutator estimates for the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map in Lipschitz domains, Some topics in harmonic analysis and applications, 369C384, Adv. Lect. Math. (ALM)34, Int. Press, Somerville, MA, 2016.] to Stokes systems.
In this work we study the inhomogeneous Muskat problem, \emph{i.e.} the evolution of an internal wave between two different fluids in a porous medium with discontinuous permeability. In particular, under precise conditions on the initial datum and the physical quantities of the problem, our results ensure the decay of the solutions towards the equilibrium state in the Lipschitz norm. In addition, we establish the global existence and decay of Lipschitz solutions.
We study the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for the Stokes system on Lipschitz domains. For any fixed $p>2$, we show that a reverse Hölder condition with exponent $p$ is sufficient for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem with boundary data in $L^p_N(\partialΩ,\rn{d})$. Then we obtain a much simpler condition which implies the reverse Hölder condition. Finally, we establish the solvability ofthe $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for $d\geq 4$ and $2-\varepsilon<p<\frac{2(d-1)}{d-3}+\varepsilon$.
We consider second order uniformly elliptic operators of divergence form in $\R^{d+1}$ whose coefficients are independent of one variable. Under the Lipschitz condition on the coefficients we characterize the domain of the Poisson operators and the Dirichlet-Neumann maps in the Sobolev space $H^s(\R^d)$ for each $s\in [0,1]$. Moreover, we also show a factorization formula for the elliptic operator in terms of the Poisson operator.
In this paper, we study a Dirichlet problem of a fractional Laplace equation in a bounded Lipschitz domain in $ \R, n \geq 2$. Our main result is that for the given data $F \in \dot H^s(\Om^c), 0 < s<1$, we find the function which satisfies that $\De^s u =0$ in $\Om$, $u|_{\Om^c} =F$ and $|u|_{\dot{H}^s(\R)} \leq c |F|_{\dot H^s(\Om^c)}$. Furthermore, we represent the solution with an integral operator.
We study the Dirichlet problem in Lipschitz domains and with boundary data in Besov spaces, for divergence form strongly elliptic systems of arbitrary order, with bounded, complex-valued coefficients. Our main result gives a sharp condition on the local mean oscillations of the coefficients of the differential operator and the unit normal to the boundary (which is automatically satisfied if these functions belong to space VMO) guaranteeing that the solution operator associated with this problem is an isomorphism.
We study generalized Robin boundary conditions, Robin-to-Dirichlet maps, and Krein-type resolvent formulas for Schrödinger operators on bounded Lipschitz domains in $\bbR^n$, $n\ge 2$. We also discuss the case of bounded $C^{1,r}$-domains, $(1/2)<r<1$.
Let $\mathcal{L}$ be a second-order linear elliptic operator with complex coefficients. We show that if the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for the elliptic system $\mathcal{L}(u)=0$ in a fixed Lipschitz domain $Ω$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ is solvable for some $1<p=p_0< \frac{2(d-1)}{d-2}$, then it is solvable for all $p$ satisfying $$ p_0<p< \frac{2(d-1)}{d-2} +\varepsilon. $$ The proof is based on a real-variable argument. It only requires that local solutions of $\mathcal{L}(u)=0$ satisfy a boundary Cacciopoli inequality.
We settle the issue of well-posedness for the Dirichlet problem for a higher order elliptic system ${\mathcal L}(x,D_x)$ with complex-valued, bounded, measurable coefficients in a Lipschitz domain $Ω$, with boundary data in Besov spaces. The main hypothesis under which our principal result is established is in the nature of best possible and requires that, at small scales, the mean oscillations of the unit normal to $\partialΩ$ and of the coefficients of the differential operator ${\mathcal L}(x,D_x)$ are not too large.
We consider global in time solutions of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier system describing the motion of a general compressible, viscous and heat conducting fluid far from equilibirum. Using a new concept of weak solution suitable to accommodate the inhomogeneous Dirichlet time dependent data we find sufficient conditions for the global in time weak solutions to be ultimately bounded.
Fractional-order elliptic problems are investigated in case of inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary data. The boundary integral form is proposed as a suitable mathematical model. The corresponding theory is completed by sharpening the mapping properties of the corresponding potential operators. Also a mild condition is provided to ensure the existence of the classical solution of the boundary integral equation.
In this paper, we first prove the global existence of weak solutions to the d-dimensional incompressible inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes equations with initial data in critical Besov spaces, which satisfies a non-linear smallness condition. The regularity of the initial velocity is critical to the scaling of this system and is general enough to generate non-Lipschitz velocity field. Furthermore, with additional regularity assumption on the initial velocity or on the initial density, we can also prove the uniqueness of such solution. We should mention that the classical maximal regularity theorem f…
We develop a new approach to the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem via $L^2$ estimates and reverse Holder inequalities. We apply this approach to second order elliptic systems and the polyharmonic equation on a bounded Lipschitz domain $Ω$ in $R^n$. For $n\ge 4$ and $2-ε<p<2(n-1)/(n-3)+ε$, we establish the solvability of the Dirichlet problem with boundary value data in $L^p(\partialΩ)$. In the case of the polyharmonic equation $Δ^{\ell}u=0$ with $\ell\ge 2$, the range of $p$ is sharp if $4\le n \le 2\ell +1$.
We consider the Dirichlet and Neumann problems for second-order linear elliptic equations: \[ -\triangle u +\mathrm{div}(u\mathbf{b}) =f \quad\text{ and }\quad -\triangle v -\mathbf{b} \cdot \nabla v =g \] in a bounded Lipschitz domain $Ω$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ $(n\geq 3)$, where $\mathbf{b}:Ω\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n$ is a given vector field. Under the assumption that $\mathbf{b} \in L^{n}(Ω)^n$, we first establish existence and uniqueness of solutions in $L_α^{p}(Ω)$ for the Dirichlet and Neumann problems. Here $L_α^{p}(Ω)$ denotes the Sobolev space (or Bessel potential space) with the pair $(α,p…
The time-periodic Stokes problem in a half-space with fully inhomogeneous right-hand side is investigated. Maximal regularity in a time-periodic Lp setting is established. A method based on Fourier multipliers is employed that leads to a decomposition of the solution into a steady-state and a purely oscillatory part in order to identify the optimal function spaces.
We study the homogeneous elliptic systems of order $2\ell$ with real constant coefficients on Lipschitz domains in $R^n$, $n\ge 4$. For any fixed $p>2$, we show that a reverse Hölder condition with exponent $p$ is necessary and sufficient for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem with boundary data in $L^p$. We also obtain a simple sufficient condition. As a consequence, we establish the solvability of the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for $n\ge 4$ and $2-\e< p<\frac{2(n-1)}{n-3} +\e$. The range of $p$ is known to be sharp if $\ell\ge 2$ and $4\le n\le 2\ell +1$. For the polyharmonic equation, th…
In this paper, we investigate some properties to solutions $f$ to the Yukawa PDE: $Δf=λf$ in the unit ball $\mathbb{B}^n$ of $\mathbb{C}^n$, where $λ$ is a nonnegative constant. First, we prove that the answer to an open problem of Girela and Peláez, concerning such solutions, is positive. Then we study relationships on such solutions between the bounded mean oscillation and Lipschitz-type spaces. At last, we discuss Dirichlet-type energy integrals on such solutions in the unit ball of $\mathbb{C}^{n}$ and give an application.
Our purpose in this paper is to provide a self contained account of the inhomogeneous Dirichlet problem $Δ_\infty u=f(x,u)$ where $u$ takes a prescribed continuous data on the boundary of bounded domains. We employ a combination of Perron's method and a priori estimates to give general sufficient conditions on the right hand side $f$ that would ensure existence of viscosity solutions to the Dirichlet problem. Examples show that these sufficient conditions may not be relaxed. We also identify a class of inhomogeneous terms for which the corresponding Dirichlet problem has no solution in any dom…
In this paper we consider second order parabolic partial differential equations subject to the Dirichlet boundary condition on smooth domains. We establish weighted $L_{q}$-maximal regularity in weighted Triebel-Lizorkin spaces for such parabolic problems with inhomogeneous boundary data. The weights that we consider are power weights in time and space, and yield flexibility in the optimal regularity of the initial-boundary data, allow to avoid compatibility conditions at the boundary and provide a smoothing effect. In particular, we can treat rough inhomogeneous boundary data.
We consider the problem of describing the traces of functions in $H^2(Ω)$ on the boundary of a Lipschitz domain $Ω$ of $\mathbb R^N$, $N\geq 2$. We provide a definition of those spaces, in particular of $H^{\frac{3}{2}}(\partialΩ)$, by means of Fourier series associated with the eigenfunctions of new multi-parameter biharmonic Steklov problems which we introduce with this specific purpose. These definitions coincide with the classical ones when the domain is smooth. Our spaces allow to represent in series the solutions to the biharmonic Dirichlet problem. Moreover, a few spectral properties of…
In this paper we consider the problem of determining an unknown pair $λ$, $μ$ of piecewise constant Lamé parameters inside a three dimensional body from the Dirichlet to Neumann map. We prove uniqueness and Lipschitz continuous dependence of $λ$ and $μ$ from the Dirichlet to Neumann map.
In this paper, it is investigated for an inhomogeneous Dirichlet problem with $L^p$ boundary data for polyharmonic equation in the upper half-plane. By using higher order Poisson kernels and Pompeiu operators, which are respectively due to Du, Qian and Wang [Z. Du, T. Qian and J. Wang, {\it $L^{p}$ polyharmonic Dirichlet problems in regular domains II: The upper half plane}, J. Differential Equations 252(2012), 1789-1812] as well as Begehr and Hile [H. Begehr and G. Hile, {\it A hierarchy of integral operators}, Rocky Mountain J. Math. 27(1997), 669-706], it is given that the unique integral r…
We consider a two-component competition-diffusion system with equal diffusion coefficients and inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. When the interspecific competition parameter tends to infinity, the system solution converges to that of a freeboundary problem. If all stationary solutions of this limit problem are non-degenerate and if a certain linear combination of the boundary data does not identically vanish, then for sufficiently large interspecific competition, all non-negative solutions of the competition-diffusion system converge to stationary states as time tends to infinity. S…
This paper is build around the stationary anisotropic Stokes and Navier-Stokes systems with an $L^\infty$-tensor coefficient satisfying an ellipticity condition in terms of symmetric matrices in ${\mathbb R}^{n\times n}$ with zero matrix traces. We analyze, in $L^2$-based Sobolev spaces, the non-homogeneous boundary value problems of Dirichlet-transmission type for the anisotropic Stokes and Navier-Stokes systems in a compressible framework in a bounded Lipschitz domain with a Lipschitz interface in ${\mathbb R}^n$, $n\ge 2$ ($n=2,3$ for the nonlinear problems). The transversal interface inter…
We consider the mixed Dirichlet-conormal problem on irregular domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Two types of regularity results will be discussed: the $W^{1,p}$ regularity and a non-tangential maximal function estimate. The domain is assumed to be Reifenberg-flat, and the interfacial boundary is either Reifenberg-flat of co-dimension $2$ or is locally sufficiently close to a Lipschitz function of $m$ variables, where $m=1,\ldots,d-2$. For the non-tangential maximal function estimate, we also require the domain to be Lipschitz.
We prove Besov regularity estimates for the solution of the Dirichlet problem involving the integral fractional Laplacian of order $s$ in bounded Lipschitz domains $Ω$: \[ \begin{aligned} \|u\|_{\dot{B}^{s+r}_{2,\infty}(Ω)} \le C \|f\|_{L^2(Ω)}, & \quad r = \min\{s,1/2\}, & \quad \mbox{if } s \neq 1/2, \\ \|u\|_{\dot{B}^{1-ε}_{2,\infty}(Ω)} \le C \|f\|_{L^2(Ω)}, & \quad ε\in (0,1), & \quad \mbox{if } s = 1/2, \end{aligned} \] with explicit dependence of $C$ on $s$ and $ε$. These estimates are consistent with the regularity on smooth domains and show that there is no loss of regularity due to L…
A Characterization of Solvability of the Parabolic $L^p$ Dirichlet Problem on Lipschitz Graph Domains Via Carleson Measure Estimates of Bounded Solutions
Given a Schrödinger differential expression on an exterior Lipschitz domain we prove strict inequalities between the eigenvalues of the corresponding selfadjoint operators subject to Dirichlet and Neumann or Dirichlet and mixed boundary conditions, respectively. Moreover, we prove a strict inequality between the eigenvalues of two different elliptic differential operators on the same domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions.
Using Maz'ya type integral identities with power weights, we obtain new boundary estimates for biharmonic functions on Lipschitz and convex domains in $R^n$. For $n\ge 8$, combined with a result in \cite{S2}, these estimates lead to the solvability of the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem for the biharmonic equation on Lipschitz domains for a new range of $p$. In the case of convex domains, the estimates allow us to show that the $L^p$ Dirichlet problem is uniquely solvable for any $2-\e<p<\infty$ and $n\ge 4$.
We consider the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator in strip-like and half-space domains with Lipschitz boundary. It is shown that the quadratic form generated by the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator controls some sharp homogeneous fractional Sobolev norm. As an application, we prove that the global Lipschitz solutions constructed in \cite{DGN} for the one-phase Muskat problem decays exponentially in time in any Hölder norm $C^α$, $α\in (0, 1)$.
For a second order formally symmetric elliptic differential expression we show that the knowledge of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map or Robin-to-Dirichlet map for suitably many energies on an arbitrarily small open subset of the boundary determines the self-adjoint operator with a Dirichlet boundary condition or with a (possibly non-self-adjoint) Robin boundary condition uniquely up to unitary equivalence. These results hold for general Lipschitz domains, which can be unbounded and may have a non-compact boundary, and under weak regularity assumptions on the coefficients of the differential expre…
We give a quantization analysis to an elliptic system (Gelfand-Liouville type system) with Dirichlet condition. An application, we have a com-pactness result for an elliptic system with Lipschitz condition.
We develop a sharp boundary trace theory in arbitrary bounded Lipschitz domains which, in contrast to classical results, allows "forbidden" endpoints and permits the consideration of functions exhibiting very limited regularity. This is done at the (necessary) expense of stipulating an additional regularity condition involving the action of the Laplacian on the functions in question which, nonetheless, works perfectly with the Dirichlet and Neumann realizations of the Schrödinger differential expression $-Δ+V$. In turn, this boundary trace theory serves as a platform for developing a spectral …
We apply new results on free boundary regularity of one-phase almost minimizers in periodic media to obtain a quantitative convergence rate for the shape optimizers of the first Dirichlet eigenvalue in periodic homogenization. We obtain a linear (with logarithmic factors) convergence rate for the optimizing eigenvalue. Large scale Lipschitz free boundary regularity of almost minimizers is used to apply the optimal $L^2$ homogenization theory in Lipschitz domains of Kenig, Lin and Shen. A key idea, to deal with the hard constraint on the volume, is a combination of a large scale almost dilation…
End-point maximal $L^1$-regularity for parabolic initial-boundary value problems is considered. For the inhomogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann data, maximal $L^1$-regularity for initial-boundary value problems is established in time end-point case upon the homogeneous Besov space $\dot B_{p,1}^s({\mathbb R}^n_+)$ with $1< p< \infty$ and $-1+1/p<s\le 0$ as well as optimal trace estimates. The main estimates obtained here are sharp in the sense of trace estimates and it is not available by known theory on the class of UMD Banach spaces. We utilize a method of harmonic analysis, in particular, the a…
We show that a bilinear estimate for biharmonic functions in a Lipschitz domain $Ω$is equivalent to the solvability of the Dirichlet problem for the biharmonic equationin $Ω$. As a result, we prove that for any given bounded Lipschitz domain $Ω$ in $\rn{d}$ and $1<q<\infty$, the solvability of the $L^{q}$ Dirichlet problem for $Δ^2 u=0$ in $Ω$ with boundary data in ${\emph{WA}}^{1,q}(\partialΩ)$ is equivalent to that of the $L^p$ regularity problem for $Δ^2 u=0$ in $Ω$ with boundary data in ${\emph{WA}}^{2,p}(\partialΩ)$, where $\frac{1}{p} +\frac{1}{q}=1$. This duality relation, together with…
Suppose that $f$ is a $K$-quasiconformal ($(K,K')$-quasiconformal resp.) self-mapping of the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$, which satisfies the following: $(1)$ the inhomogeneous polyharmonic equation $Δ^{n}f=Δ(Δ^{n-1} f)=φ_{n}$ $(φ_{n}\in \mathcal{C}(\overline{\mathbb{D}}))$, (2) the boundary conditions $Δ^{n-1}f|_{\mathbb{T}}=φ_{n-1},~\ldots,~Δ^{1}f|_{\mathbb{T}}=φ_{1}$ ($φ_{j}\in\mathcal{C}(\mathbb{T})$ for $j\in\{1,\ldots,n-1\}$ and $\mathbb{T}$ denotes the unit circle), and $(3)$ $f(0)=0$, where $n\geq2$ is an integer and $K\geq1$ ($K'\geq0$ resp.). The main aim of this paper is to prove that $f…
In this paper we study the resolvent of wave operators on open and bounded Lipschitz domains of $\mathbb{R}^N$ with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. We give results on existence and estimates of the resolvent for the real and complex cases.
We consider the mixed boundary value problem or Zaremba's problem for the Laplacian in a bounded Lipschitz domain in R^n. We specify Dirichlet data on part of the boundary and Neumann data on the remainder of the boundary. We assume that the boundary between the sets where we specify Dirichlet and Neumann data is a Lipschitz surface. We require that the Neumann data is in L^p and the Dirichlet data is in the Sobolev space of functions having one derivative in L^p for some p near 1. Under these conditions, there is a unique solution to the mixed problem with the non-tangential maximal function …
Let $Ω\subset {\bf R}^d$ be an open bounded set with Lipschitz boundary $Γ$. Let $D_V$ be the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator with respect to a purely second-order symmetric divergence form operator with real Lipschitz continuous coefficients and a positive potential $V$. We show that the semigroup generated by $-D_V$ leaves $C(Γ)$ invariant and that the restriction of this semigroup to $C(Γ)$ is a $C_0$-semigroup. We investigate positivity and spectral properties of this semigroup. We also present results where $V$ is allowed to be negative. Of independent interest is a new criterium for semigr…
The purpose of this paper is to study the mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary value problem for the semilinear Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman system in $L_p$-based Besov spaces on a bounded Lipschitz domain in ${\mathbb R}^3$, with $p$ in a neighborhood of $2$. This system is obtained by adding the semilinear term $|{\bf u}|{\bf u}$ to the linear Brinkman equation. {First, we provide some results about} equivalence between the Gagliardo and non-tangential traces, as well as between the weak canonical conormal derivatives and the non-tangential conormal derivatives. Various mapping and invertibility p…
