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arXiv 2002.02567cs.DCcs.ITcs.SImath.IT
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区块链系统的稳定性和Scalability

Stability and Scalability of Blockchain Systems

Aditya Gopalan, Abishek Sankararaman, Anwar Walid, Sriram Vishwanath

摘要:

区块链范式提供了一种用于对等(P2P)网络上的内容传播和分布式共识的机制。虽然这种模式已被广泛采用的行业,它还没有被仔细分析,在其网络规模方面的对等点的数量。区块链系统的应用,如加密货币和物联网,需要这种形式的网络扩展。在本文中,我们提出了一个新的随机网络模型的区块链系统。我们确定了一个称为\emph{one-endedness}的结构属性,我们证明这在任何区块链系统中都是可取的,因为它与对等体之间的分布式共识直接相关。我们证明了网络的随机稳定性足以证明区块链的一端性。我们进一步确定,我们的模型属于一类网络模型,称为单调可分模型。这使我们能够建立稳定区域的上界和下界。稳定性的界限取决于P2P网络通过其电导的连通性,并允许我们分析区块链系统在大型P2P网络上的可扩展性。我们使用来自比特币网络的合成数据和真实数据来验证我们的理论见解。

英文摘要:

The blockchain paradigm provides a mechanism for content dissemination and distributed consensus on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks. While this paradigm has been widely adopted in industry, it has not been carefully analyzed in terms of its network scaling with respect to the number of peers. Applications for blockchain systems, such as cryptocurrencies and IoT, require this form of network scaling. In this paper, we propose a new stochastic network model for a blockchain system. We identify a structural property called \emph{one-endedness}, which we show to be desirable in any blockchain system as it is directly related to distributed consensus among the peers. We show that the stochastic stability of the network is sufficient for the one-endedness of a blockchain. We further establish that our model belongs to a class of network models, called monotone separable models. This allows us to establish upper and lower bounds on the stability region. The bounds on stability depend on the connectivity of the P2P network through its conductance and allow us to analyze the scalability of blockchain systems on large P2P networks. We verify our theoretical insights using both synthetic data and real data from the Bitcoin network.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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