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arXiv 2005.06665cs.DCcs.CRcs.DS
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在不放弃去中心化和安全性的情况下扩展区块链

Scaling Blockchains Without Giving up Decentralization and Security

Gianmaria Del Monte, Diego Pennino, Maurizio Pizzonia

摘要:

公共区块链应该能够在节点数量和交易工作负载方面进行扩展。区块链可扩展性三难困境已经被非正式地证实。这与可扩展性,安全性和分散性有关,指出这些方面的任何改进都应该对其他两个方面中的至少一个产生负面影响。事实上,尽管有大量的研究和实验努力,所有已知的方法都是权衡。我们从理论上描述了一种新的区块链架构,只要提供相应的节点比例增量,该架构就可以扩展到任意高的工作负载。我们表明,在合理的假设下,我们的方法不需要权衡安全性或分散。据我们所知,这是第一个反驳三难推理的结果,考虑到区块链的所有架构元素的可扩展性,而不仅仅是共识协议。虽然我们的结果目前只是理论上的,但我们相信,我们的方法可能会激发显着的实际贡献。

英文摘要:

Public blockchains should be able to scale with respect to the number of nodes and to the transactions workload. The blockchain scalability trilemma has been informally conjectured. This is related to scalability, security and decentralization, stating that any improvement in one of these aspects should negatively impact on at least one of the other twos. In fact, despite the large research and experimental effort, all known approaches turn out to be tradeoffs. We theoretically describe a new blockchain architecture that scales to arbitrarily high workload provided that a corresponding proportional increment of nodes is provisioned. We show that, under reasonable assumptions, our approach does not require tradeoffs on security or decentralization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result that disprove the trilemma considering the scalability of all architectural elements of a blockchain and not only the consensus protocol. While our result is currently only theoretic, we believe that ot our approach may stimulate significant practical contributions.

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