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arXiv 1810.12596cs.DC
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VAPOR:一个以价值为中心的区块链,具有横向扩展、分散和灵活的设计

VAPOR: a Value-Centric Blockchain that is Scale-out, Decentralized, and Flexible by Design

Zhijie Ren, Zekeriya Erkin

摘要:

区块链是一种特殊类型的分布式系统,在不安全的网络中运行。在大多数区块链中,所有节点都应该通过拜占庭容错算法在所有状态转换上达成共识,这会造成性能瓶颈。在本文中,我们提出了一种新型的区块链,即以价值为中心的区块链(VCB),其中状态被指定为具有所有者的值(或更全面地说,硬币),然后将状态转换记录指定为单个值的所有权的证明。然后,我们将大多数区块链中使用的“理性”假设形式化。我们进一步提出了一个VCB,VAPOR,保证安全的价值转移,如果所有的节点是理性的,并保持他们拥有的价值,这只是整个状态转移记录的一部分的证明。因此,我们表明,VAPOR在不影响安全性的情况下,在吞吐量,分散性和灵活性方面享有显着的优势。

英文摘要:

Blockchains is a special type of distributed systems that operates in unsafe networks. In most blockchains, all nodes should reach consensus on all state transitions with Byzantine fault tolerant algorithms, which creates bottlenecks in performance. In this paper, we propose a new type of blockchains, namely Value-Centric Blockchains (VCBs), in which the states are specified as values (or more comprehensively, coins) with owners and the state transition records are then specified as proofs of the ownerships of individual values. We then formalize the "rational" assumptions that have been used in most blockchains. We further propose a VCB, VAPOR, that guarantees secure value transfers if all nodes are rational and keep the proofs of the values they owned, which is merely parts of the whole state transition record. As a result, we show that VAPOR enjoys significant benefits in throughput, decentralization, and flexibility without compromising security.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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