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arXiv 1912.00366cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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将无序设计成晶体材料

Designing Disorder into Crystalline Materials

Arkadiy Simonov, Andrew L. Goodwin

摘要:

晶体是以周期性顺序为特征的物质状态。然而,晶体材料可以以许多形式隐藏无序,例如组成、原子位移、键合排列、分子取向、构象、电荷状态、轨道占位或磁性结构的非重复变化。疾病有时可能是随机的,但更常见的是相关的。对无序晶体的前沿研究现在试图控制和利用这些相关无序状态中持续存在的不寻常模式,以获得常规晶体无法获得的功能反应。在这篇评论中,我们调查的核心设计原则,在材料化学家的处置,允许有针对性的控制相关的障碍。我们展示了这些原则-通常由长期研究的统计力学模型提供信息-可以应用于出乎意料的广泛材料,包括有机物,超分子组装,氧化物陶瓷和金属-有机框架。最后,我们与一个前瞻性的讨论令人兴奋的链接功能在响应媒体,热电,拓扑阶段,和信息存储。

英文摘要:

Crystals are a state of matter characterised by periodic order. Yet crystalline materials can harbour disorder in many guises, such as non-repeating variations in composition, atom displacements, bonding arrangements, molecular orientations, conformations, charge states, orbital occupancies, or magnetic structure. Disorder can sometimes be random, but more usually it is correlated. Frontier research into disordered crystals now seeks to control and exploit the unusual patterns that persist within these correlated disordered states in order to access functional responses inaccessible to conventional crystals. In this review we survey the core design principles at the disposal of materials chemists that allow targeted control over correlated disorder. We show how these principles---often informed by long-studied statistical mechanical models---can be applied across an unexpectedly broad range of materials, including organics, supramolecular assemblies, oxide ceramics, and metal--organic frameworks. We conclude with a forward-looking discussion of the exciting link to function in responsive media, thermoelectrics, topological phases, and information storage.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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