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arXiv 1909.04670astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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矮星系中(游荡)大质量黑洞的高分辨率射电观测新样本

A New Sample of (Wandering) Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies from High Resolution Radio Observations

Amy Reines, James Condon, Jeremy Darling, Jenny Greene

摘要:

我们提出了一个样本的矮星系与无线电选择吸积大质量黑洞(BH),其中大多数是无核的。我们观察了111个星系使用敏感,高分辨率的观测从卡尔G。Jansky甚大阵列(VLA)在X波段(~8-12 GHz)采用最扩展的A配置,典型角分辨率约为0.25”,均方根噪声约为15 uJy。我们的目标是通过交叉匹配NASA-斯隆图集中恒星质量M_stellar < 3 x 10^9 M_sun且红移z<0.055的星系与20厘米射电天VLA微弱图像(FIRST)巡天中的星系来选择的。通过我们新的高分辨率VLA观测,我们探测到了39个星系的致密射电源,并仔细评估了射电源发射的可能来源,包括热HII区域,超新星遗迹,年轻的射电超新星,背景闯入者和目标星系中的AGN。我们发现,13个矮星系几乎可以肯定的主机活跃的大规模黑洞,尽管事实上,只有一个对象以前被确定为具有光学签名的活动星系核。我们还确定了一个候选的双射电活动星系核在一个更大的星系系统。大多数射电探测到的黑洞偏离宿主星系的中心,有些系统显示出相互作用/合并的迹象。我们的研究结果表明,大质量黑洞不需要总是生活在矮星系的核,证实了模拟预测。此外,搜索试图限制BH种子形成矮星系的观测需要考虑到这样一个人口的“流浪”BH。

英文摘要:

We present a sample of nearby dwarf galaxies with radio-selected accreting massive black holes (BHs), the majority of which are non-nuclear. We observed 111 galaxies using sensitive, high-resolution observations from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its most extended A-configuration at X-band (~8-12 GHz), yielding a typical angular resolution of ~0.25" and rms noise of ~15 uJy. Our targets were selected by cross matching galaxies with stellar masses M_stellar < 3 x 10^9 M_sun and redshifts z<0.055 in the NASA-Sloan Atlas with the VLA Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimeters (FIRST) Survey. With our new high-resolution VLA observations, we detect compact radio sources towards 39 galaxies and carefully evaluate possible origins for the radio emission including thermal HII regions, supernova remnants, younger radio supernovae, background interlopers, and AGNs in the target galaxies. We find that 13 dwarf galaxies almost certainly host active massive BHs despite the fact that only one object was previously identified as having optical signatures of an AGN. We also identify a candidate dual radio AGN in a more massive galaxy system. The majority of the radio-detected BHs are offset from the center of the host galaxies with some systems showing signs of interactions/mergers. Our results indicate that massive BHs need not always live in the nuclei of dwarf galaxies, confirming predictions from simulations. Moreover, searches attempting to constrain BH seed formation using observations of dwarf galaxies need to account for such a population of "wandering" BHs.

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