Let $ψ$ be a conformal map of $\mathbb{D}$ onto an unbounded domain and, for $α>0$, let ${F_α}=\left\{ {z \in \mathbb{D}:\left| {ψ\left( z \right)} \right| = α} \right\}$. If $ω_\mathbb{D}\left( {0,{F_α}} \right)$ denotes the harmonic measure at $0$ of $F_α$ and $d_\mathbb{D} {\left( {0,{F_α}} \right)}$ denotes the hyperbolic distance between $0$ and $F_α$ in $\mathbb{D}$, then an application of the Beurling-Nevanlinna projection theorem implies that ${ω_\mathbb{D}}\left( {0,{F_α}} \right) \ge \frac{2}{π}{e^{ - {d_\mathbb{D}}\left( {0,{F_α}} \right)}}$. Thus a natural question, first stated by P. Poggi-Corradini, is the following: Does there exist a positive constant $K$ such that for every $α>0$, ${ω_\mathbb{D}}\left( {0,{F_α}} \right) \le K{e^{ - {d_\mathbb{D}}\left( {0,{F_α}} \right)}}$? In general, we prove that the answer is negative by means of two different examples. However, under additional assumptions involving the number of components of $F_α$ and the hyperbolic geometry of the domain $ψ\left( \mathbb{D} \right)$, we prove that the answer is positive.
In this paper, we investigate the properties of hyperbolic harmonic mappings in the unit ball $\mathbb{B}^{n}$ in $\IR^n$ $(n\geq 2)$. Firstly, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a hyperbolic harmonic mapping to be in the Bloch space $\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{B}^{n})$ and the generalized Bloch space $\mathcal{L}_{\infty,ω}\mathcal{B}_{α,\mathrm{a}}^{0}(\mathbb{B}^{n})$, respectively. Secondly, we discuss the relationship between the integral means of hyperbolic harmonic mappings and that of their gradients. The obtained results are the generalizations of Hardy and Littlewood's rel…
In this paper, we discuss some properties on hyperbolic-harmonic mappings in the unit ball of $\mathbb{C}^{n}$. First, we investigate the relationship between the weighted Lipschitz functions and the hyperbolic-harmonic Bloch spaces. Then we establish the Schwarz-Pick type theorem for hyperbolic-harmonic mappings and apply it to prove the existence of Landau-Bloch constant for mappings in $α$-Bloch spaces.
Motivated by some recent results of Kalaj and Vuorinen (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 2012), we prove that positive harmonic functions defined in the upper half--plane are contractions w.r.t. hyperbolic metrics of half--plane and positive part of the real line, respectively
In this paper, we first establish the Schwarz-Pick lemma of higher-order and apply it to obtain a univalency criteria for planar harmonic mappings. Then we discuss distortion theorems, Lipschitz continuity and univalency of planar harmonic mappings defined in the unit disk with linearly connected images.
A sufficient condition for a cluster point of a planar harmonic function to be an asymptotic value is given, based on a partitioning into regions of constant valence. A sufficient condition for the cluster set of a planar harmonic function to have non-empty interior is given. An example is given of a planar harmonic function where the image of the critical set is not closed and such that the cluster set has non-empty interior and is a proper subset of the image.
In this paper, we investigate the properties of locally univalent and multivalent planar harmonic mappings. First, we discuss the coefficient estimates and Landau's Theorem for some classes of locally univalent harmonic mappings, and then we study some Lipschitz-type spaces for locally univalent and multivalent harmonic mappings.
In this paper, we investigate some properties of planar harmonic mappings. First, we generalize the main results in \cite{CPW3} and \cite{HT}, and then discuss the relationship between area integral means and harmonic Hardy spaces or harmonic weighted Bergman spaces. At the end, coefficient estimates of mappings in weighted Bergman spaces are obtained.
In this paper, we show that harmonic Bloch mappings are Lipschitz continuous with respect to the pseudo-hyperbolic metric. This result improves the corresponding result of Theorem 1 of [P. Ghatage, J. Yan, and D. Zheng, Composition operators with closed range on the Bloch space, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 129 (2000), 2039-2044]. Furthermore, we prove the similar property for harmonic quasiregular Bloch-type mappings.
Let \Fc be a holomorphic foliation by curves defined in a neighborhood of 0 in \C^2 having 0 as a hyperbolic singularity. Let T be a harmonic current directed by \Fc which does not give mass to any of the two separatrices. Then we show that the Lelong number of T at 0 vanishes. Next, we apply this local result to investigate the global mass-distribution for directed harmonic currents on singular holomorphic foliations living on compact complex surfaces. Finally, we apply this global result to study the recurrence phenomenon of a generic leaf.
We establish some inequalities of Schwarz-Pick type for harmonic and hyperbolic harmonic functions on the unit ball of and we disprove a recent conjecture of Liu [Schwarz-Pick Lemma for Harmonic Functions, International Mathematics Research Notices, 2021].
In this paper, we give a negative answer to a problem presented by Bharanedhar and Ponnusamy (Rocky Mountain J. Math. 44: 753--777, 2014) concerning univalency of a class of harmonic mappings. More precisely, we show that for all values of the involved parameter, this class contains a non-univalent function. Moreover, several results on a new subclass of close-to-convex harmonic mappings, which is motivated by work of Ponnusamy and Sairam Kaliraj (Mediterr. J. Math. 12: 647--665, 2015), are obtained.
A sharp version of a recent inequality of Kovalev and Yang on the ratio of the $(H^1)^\ast$ and $H^4$ norms for certain polynomials is obtained. The inequality is applied to establish a sharp and tractable sufficient condition for the Wirtinger derivatives at the origin for harmonic self-maps of the unit disc which fix the origin.
In this paper, we prove the Khavinson conjecture for hyperbolic harmonic functions on the unit ball. This conjecture was partially solved in \cite{JKM2020}.
In a work in 1992, Lyzzaik studies local properties of light harmonic mappings. More precisely, he classifies their critical points and accordingly studies their topological and geometrical behaviours. We will focus our study on smooth critical points of light harmonic maps. We will establish several relationships between miscellaneous local invariants, and show how to connect them to Lyzzaik's models. With a crucial use of Milnor fibration theory, we get a fundamental and yet quite unexpected relation between three of the numerical invariants, namely the complex multiplicity, the local order …
In this paper, we establish a three circles type theorem, involving the harmonic area function, for harmonic mappings. Also, we give bounds for length and area distortion for harmonic quasiconformal mappings. Finally, we will study certain Lipschitz-type spaces on harmonic mappings.
For a quasi-compact Kähler manifold $U$ endowed with a nilpotent harmonic bundle whose Higgs field is injective at one point, we prove that $U$ is pseudo-algebraically hyperbolic, pseudo-Picard hyperbolic, and is of log general type. Moreover, we prove that there is a finite unramified cover $\tilde{U}$ of $U$ from a quasi-projective manifold $\tilde{U}$ so that any projective compactification of $\tilde{U}$ is pseudo-algebraically hyperbolic, pseudo-Picard hyperbolic and is of general type. As a byproduct, we establish some criterion of pseudo-Picard hyperbolicity and pseudo-algebraic hyperbo…
We give simple proofs of various versions of the Schwarz lemma for real valued harmonic functions and for holomorphic (more generally harmonic quasi\-re\-gu\-lar, shortly HQR) mappings with the strip codomain. Along the way using the principle of subordination and the corresponding conformal mapping, depicted on the Figure 1, we get a simple proof of a new version of the Schwarz lemma for real valued harmonic functions (see Theorems 4 and 5) and Theorem 6 related to holomorphic mappings. Using the Schwarz-Pick lemma related to distortion for harmonic mappings and the elementary properties of t…
We discuss various representations of planar $p$-harmonic systems of equations and their solutions. For coordinate functions of $p$-harmonic maps we analyze signs of their Hessians, the Gauss curvature of $p$-harmonic surfaces, the length of level curves as well as we discuss curves of steepest descent. The isoperimetric inequality for the level curves of coordinate functions of planar $p$-harmonic maps is proven. Our main techniques involve relations between quasiregular maps and planar PDEs. We generalize some results due to P. Lindqvist, G. Alessandrini, G. Talenti and P. Laurence.
If $Ω$ is a simply connected domain in $\overline{\mathbb C}$ then, according to the Ahlfors-Gehring theorem, $Ω$ is a quasidisk if and only if there exists a sufficient condition for the univalence of holomorphic functions in $Ω$ in relation to the growth of their Schwarzian derivative. We extend this theorem to harmonic mappings by proving a univalence criterion on quasidisks. We also show that the mappings satisfying this criterion admit a homeomorphic extension to $\overline{\mathbb C}$ and, under the additional assumption of quasiconformality in $Ω$, they admit a quasiconformal extension …
In this paper, we first study the bounded mean oscillation of planar harmonic mappings, then a relationship between Lipschitz-type spaces and equivalent modulus of real harmonic mappings is established. At last, we obtain sharp estimates on Lipschitz number of planar harmonic mappings in terms of bounded mean oscillation norm, which shows that the harmonic Bloch space is isomorphic to $BMO_{2}$ as a Banach space..
We consider the point process of zeroes of certain Gaussian analytic functions and find the asymptotics for the probability that there are more than m points of the process in a fixed disk of radius r, as m-->infinity. For the Planar Gaussian analytic function, sum_n a_n z^n/sqrt(n!), we show that this probability is asymptotic to exp(-0.5 m^2 log(m)). For the Hyperbolic Gaussian analytic functions, sum_n sqrt({-rho choose n}) a_n z^n, rho>0, we show that this probability decays like exp(-cm^2). In the planar case, we also consider the problem posed by Mikhail Sodin on moderate and very large …
For $α>-1$ and $0<p<\infty$, we study weighted Bergman spaces $\mathcal B^p_α$ of harmonic functions on the real hyperbolic ball and obtain an atomic decomposition of these spaces in terms of reproducing kernels. We show that an $r$-separated sequence $\{a_m\}$ with sufficiently large $r$ is an interpolating sequence for $\mathcal B^p_α$. Using these we determine precisely when a Bergman space $\mathcal B^p_α$ is included in another Bergman space $\mathcal B^q_β$.
Assume that $p\in[1,\infty]$ and $u=P_{h}[ϕ]$, where $ϕ\in L^{p}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1},\mathbb{R}^n)$ and $u(0) = 0$. Then we obtain the sharp inequality $|u(x)|\le G_p(|x|)\|ϕ\|_{L^{p}}$ for some smooth function $G_p$ vanishing at $0$. Moreover, we obtain an explicit form of the sharp constant $C_p$ in the inequality $\|Du(0)\|\le C_p\|ϕ\|_{L^{p}}$. These two results generalize and extend some known result from harmonic mapping theory (\cite[Theorem 2.1]{kalaj2018}) and hyperbolic harmonic theory (\cite[Theorem 1]{bur}).
We develop basic properties of solutions to the Dirac-Hodge and Laplace equations in upper half space endowed with the hyperbolic metric. Solutions to the Dirac-Hodge equation are called hypermonogenic functions while solutions to this version of Laplace's equation are called hyperbolic harmonic functions. We introduce a Borel-Pompeiu formula and a Green's formula for hyperbolic harmonic functions. Using a Cauchy Integral formula we are able to introduce Hardy spaces of solutions to the Dirac-Hodge equation. We also provide new arguments describing the conformal covariance of hypermonogenic fu…
Shortest paths in planar domains with hyperbolic type metrics
Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology（广东以色列理工学院）；Technion - Israel Institute of Technology（以色列理工学院）；Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology (TCSMT), University of Turku（图尔库科学与技术医学学院）；Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku（图尔库大学数学与统计系）
This paper is about hyperbolic properties on planar graphs. First, we study the relations among various kinds of strong isoperimetric inequalities on planar graphs and their duals. In particular, we show that a planar graph satisfies a strong isoperimetric inequality if and only if its dual has the same property, if the graph satisfies some minor regularity conditions and we choose an appropriate notion of strong isoperimetric inequalities. Second, we consider planar graphs where negative combinatorial curvatures dominate, and use the outcomes of the first part to strengthen the results of Hig…
Assume that $p\in(1,\infty]$ and $u=P_{h}[ϕ]$, where $ϕ\in L^{p}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1},\mathbb{R}^{n})$. Then for any $x\in \mathbb{B}^{n}$, we obtain the sharp inequalities $$ |u(x)|\leq \frac{\mathbf{C}_{q}^{\frac{1}{q}}(x)}{(1-|x|^2)^{\frac{n-1 }{p}}} \|ϕ\|_{L^{p}} \quad\text{and}\quad |u(x)|\leq \frac{\mathbf{C}_{q}^{\frac{1}{q}} }{(1-|x|^2)^{\frac{n-1 }{p}}} \|ϕ\|_{L^{p} } $$ for some function $\mathbf{C}_{q}(x)$ and constant $\mathbf{C}_{q}$ in terms of Gauss hypergeometric and Gamma functions, where $q$ is the conjugate of $p$. This result generalize and extend some known result from harmoni…
