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arXiv 1908.09684hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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封闭宇宙中实标量场扭结(反扭结)及其微扰谱

Real scalar field kink(-antikink)s and their perturbation spectra in a closed universe

Betti Hartmann, Gabriel Luchini, Clisthenis P. Constantinidis, Carlos F. S. Pereira

摘要:

在本文中,我们证明了一个简单的实标量场模型,是{ \it静态和线性稳定}孤子存在时,考虑在(3+1)维,空间紧凑的时空背景,静态爱因斯坦宇宙,这是一个很好的近似观测宇宙足够小的时间间隔。我们研究了这些解决方案的$Φ^4$潜在的性质,并证明,旁边的基本解决方案,激发配置存在。我们还研究了孤子的一般扰动,确定了它们的本征频谱,并将它们与模型真空的扰动进行了比较。我们发现,退化相对于多极的扰动,这是目前的真空,不再存在的孤子的存在。此外,特定的扰动对应于系统的零模式。我们的结果可应用于凝聚态物理以及存在类孤立子物体的空间紧凑时空中的量子效应(例如卡西米尔能量)的计算。

英文摘要:

In this paper we demonstrate that solitons of a simple real scalar field model that are {\it static and linearly stable} do exist when considered in a (3+1)-dimensional, spatially compact space-time background, the static Einstein universe, which is a good approximation to the observed universe for sufficiently small time intervals. We study the properties of these solutions for a $Φ^4$-potential and demonstrate that next to the fundamental solutions, excited configurations exist. We also investigate general perturbations about the solitons, determine their eigenfrequency spectra and compare them with those of the perturbations about the vacua of the model. We find that the degeneracy with respect to the multipoles of the perturbation, which is present for the vacua, does no longer exist in the presence of the soliton. Moreover, specific perturbations correspond to zero modes of the system. Our results have applications in condensed matter physics as well as computations of quantum effects (e.g. the Casimir energy) in spatially compact space-times in the presence of soliton-like objects.

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