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arXiv 1907.03066hep-thmath-phmath.MP
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四维Minkowski空间中大质量自旋粒子的几何模型

Geometrical model of massive spinning particle in four-dimensional Minkowski space

D. S. Kaparulin, S. L. Lyakhovich, I. A. Retuntsev

摘要:

提出了四维Minkowski空间中大质量自旋粒子的运动模型。粒子的运动方程是根据这样一个事实得出的:粒子的所有经典路径都位于一个圆柱体上,该圆柱体在闵可夫斯基空间中的位置由粒子的线动量和总角动量决定。同一个圆柱体上的所有路径都是规格等效的。对于一般的类时路径,运动方程是隐式的,并且是非拉格朗日的。对于小曲率和螺旋线的轨迹,得到了显式的运动方程。在所有情况下,动量和总角动量都用路径的特性表示。所构造的自旋粒子模型具有几何特征,在自旋态空间中没有引入额外的变量。

英文摘要:

We propose the model of massive spinning particle traveling in four-dimensional Minkowski space. The equations of motion of the particle follow from the fact that all the classical paths of the particle lie on a cylinder whose position in Minkowski space is determined by the particle's linear momentum and total angular momentum. All the paths on one and the same cylinder are gauge equivalent. The equations of motion are found in implicit form for general time-like paths, and they are non-Lagrangian. The explicit equations of motion are found for trajectories with small curvature and helices. The momentum and total angular momentum are expressed in terms of characteristics of the path in all the cases. The constructed model of the spinning particle has geometrical character, with no additional variables in the space of spin states being introduced.

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