In the integer case, the Smarandache function of a positive integer $n$ is defined to be the smallest positive integer $k$ such that $n$ divides the factorial $k!$. In this paper, we first define a natural order for polynomials in $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ and then define the Smarandache function of a non-zero polynomial $f \in \mathbb{F}_q[t]$, denoted by $S(f)$, to be the smallest polynomial $g$ such that $f$ divides the Carlitz factorial of $g$. In particular, we establish an analogue of a problem of Erd{\H o}s, which implies that for almost all polynomials $f$, $S(f)=t^d$, where $d$ is the maximal degree of the irreducible factors of $f$.
In the present article, we introduce a $(p,q)$-analogue of the poly-Euler polynomials and numbers by using the $(p,q)$-polylogarithm function. These new sequences are generalizations of the poly-Euler numbers and polynomials. We give several combinatorial identities and properties of these new polynomials. Moreover, we show some relations with the $(p,q)$-poly-Bernoulli polynomials and $(p,q)$-poly-Cauchy polynomials. The $(p,q)$-analogues generalize the well-known concept of the $q$-analogue.
In this paper, we consider an analogue of Catalan polynomials and give some identities of symmetry for those polynomials by using fermionic $p$-adic integrals on the ring of $p$-adic integers
In this paper, we consider the q-extensions of Boole polynomials. From those polynomials, we derive some new and interesting properties and identities related to special polynomials.
Catalan-Daehee numbers and polynomials, generating functions of which can be expressed as p-adic Volkenborn integrals on Zp, were studied previously. The aim of this paper is to introduce q-analogues of the catalan-Daehee numbers and polynomials with the help of p-adic q-integrals von Zp. We derive, among other thing, some explicit expressions for the q-analogues of the Catalan-Daehee numbers and polynomials.
Given a polynomial $g$ of positive degree over a finite field, we show that the proportion of polynomials of degree $n$, which can be written as $h+g^k$, where $h$ is an irreducible polynomial of degree $n$ and $k$ is a nonnegative integer, has order of magnitude $1/°g$.
We examine the polynomial analogues of McMullen's and Zaremba's conjectures on continued fractions with bounded partial quotients. It has already been proved by Blackburn that if the base field is infinite, then the polynomial analogue of Zaremba's conjecture holds; we will prove this again with a different method and examine some known results for finite base fields. Translating to the polynomial setting a result of Mercat, we will prove that the polynomial analogue of McMullen's conjecture holds over infinite algebraic extensions of finite fields and that, over finite fields, it would be a c…
In this paper, we give p-adic q-integral representation for the Kim's q-Bernstein polynomials and we give some interesting formulae realted to Carlitz's q-Bernoulli numbers.
In this paper, we define the constant $D(φ, p)$, an analogue for the Davenport constant, for sequences on the finite field $\mathbb{F}_p$, defined via quadratic symmetric polynomials. Next, we state a series of results presenting either the exact value of $D(φ, p)$, or lower and upper bounds for this constant.
In 1971, Ruzsa conjectured that if $f:\ \mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}$ with $f(n+k)\equiv f(n)$ mod $k$ for every $n,k\in\mathbb{N}$ and $f(n)=O(θ^n)$ with $θ<e$ then $f$ is a polynomial. In this paper, we investigate the analogous problem for the ring of polynomials over a finite field.
We construct a family of harmonic Maass forms of polynomial growth of any level corresponding to any cusp whose shadows are Eisenstein series of integral weight. We further consider Dirichlet series attached to a harmonic Maass form of polynomial growth, study its analytic properties, and prove an analogue of Weil's converse theorem.
In this work, we consider the generating function of Kim's q-Euler polynomials and introduce new generalization of q-Genocchi polynomials and numbers of higher order. Also, we give surprising identities for studying in Analytic Numbers Theory and especially in Mathematical Physics. Moreover, by applying q-Mellin transformation to generating function of q-Genocchi polynomials of higher order and so we define q-Hurwitz-Zeta type function which interpolates of this polynomials at negative integers.
The Collatz conjecture (also known as the $3x+1$ problem) concerns the behavior of the discrete dynamical system on the positive integers defined by iteration of the so-called $3x + 1$ function. We investigate analogous dynamical systems in rings of functions of algebraic curves over $\mathbb{F}_2$ . We prove in this setting a generalized analogue of a theorem of Terras concerning the asymptotic distribution of stopping times. We also present experimental data on the behavior of these dynamical systems.
Given an integer base $b\geq 2$, a number $ρ\geq 1$ of colors, and a finite sequence $Λ=(λ_1,\ldots,λ_ρ)$ of positive integers, we introduce the concept of a $Λ$-restricted $ρ$-colored $b$-ary partition of an integer $n\geq 1$. We also define a sequence of polynomials in $λ_1+\cdots+λ_ρ$ variables, and prove that the $n$th polynomial characterizes all $Λ$-restricted $ρ$-colored $b$-ary partitions of $n$. In the process we define a recurrence relation for the polynomials in question, obtain explicit formulas and identify a factorization theorem.
For each positive integer n, we determine the set of symmetric functions f for which the congruence f(p/1,p/2,...,p/(p-1)) \equiv 0 mod p^n holds for all sufficiently large primes p. Our determination is conditional on a conjecture regarding the modulo p independence of Bernoulli numbers. In a recent work the author introduced a new truncated analogue of the multiple zeta function and investigated a class of relations among values of this function at positive integers. The question answered in the present work is equivalent to the determination of the relations satisfied by values of the corre…
We present explicit formulas for Hecke eigenforms as linear combinations of q-analogues of modified double zeta values. As an application, we obtain period polynomial relations and sum formulas for these modified double zeta values. These relations have similar shapes as the period polynomial relations of Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier and the usual sum formulas for classical double zeta values.
We study the number of ways to decompose a monic polynomial in F_q[t] of degree n as a sum of two monic irreducible polynomials in F_q[t]. Our principal result is an asymptotic formula for the number of such representations in the case when q is large compared to n. In its range of validity, this formula agrees with what is suggested by heuristic arguments from the rational setting. We also present similar results towards an analogue of the twin prime conjecture.
In this paper, we derive eight basic identities of symmetry in three variables related to $q$-Bernoulli polynomials and the $q$-analogue of power sums. These and most of their corollaries are new, since there have been results only about identities of symmetry in two variables. These abundance of symmetries shed new light even on the existing identities so as to yield some further interesting ones. The derivations of identities are based on the $p$-adic integral expression of the generating function for the $q$-Bernoulli polynomials and the quotient of integrals that can be expressed as the ex…
We find analogues of the primitive divisor results of Zsigmondy, Bang, Bilu-Hanrot-Voutier, and Carmichael in polynomial rings, following the methods of Carmichael.
In this paper, we derive eight basic identities of symmetry in three variables related to $q$-Euler polynomials and the $q$-analogue of alternating power sums. These and most of their corollaries are new, since there have been results only about identities of symmetry in two variables. These abundance of symmetries shed new light even on the existing identities so as to yield some further interesting ones. The derivations of identities are based on the $p$-adic integral expression of the generating function for the $q$-Euler polynomials and the quotient of integrals that can be expressed as th…
We know at least two ways to generalize multiple zeta(-star) values, or MZ(S)Vs for short, which are $q$-analogue and $t$-interpolation. The $q$-analogue of MZ(S)Vs, or $q$MZ(S)Vs for short, was introduced by Bradley, Okuda and Takeyama, Zhao, etc. On the other hand, the polynomials interpolating MZVs and MZSVs using a parameter $t$ were introduced by Yamamoto. We call these $t$-MZVs. In this paper, we consider such two generalizations simultaneously, that is, we compose polynomials, called $t$-$q$MZVs, interpolating $q$MZVs and $q$MZSVs using a parameter $t$ which are reduced to $q$MZVs as $t…
In this paper, we obtain analogues of Zsigmondy's theorem and the primitive divisor results for the Lucas and Lehmer sequences in polynomial rings of several variables.
In this paper, we consider the Carlitz's type q-analogue of Changhee numbers and polynomials and we give some explicit formulae for these numbers and polynomials.
In this paper, we study the polynomial Gauss sums over finite fields, and present an analogue of Davenport-Hasse's theorem for the entire polynomial Gauss sums, which is a generalization of the previous result obtained by Hayes.
This article considers the eta power $\prod {(1-q^k)}^{b-1}$. It is proved that the coefficients of $\frac{q^n}{n!}$ in this expression, as polynomials in $b$, exhibit equidistribution of the coefficients in the nonzero residue classes mod 5 when $n=5j+4$. Other symmetries, as well as symmetries for other primes and prime powers, are proved, and some open questions are raised.
We introduce a multivariate analogue of Bernoulli polynomials and give their fundamental properties: difference and differential relations, symmetry, explicit formula, inversion formula, multiplication theorem, and binomial type formula. Further, we consider a multivariate analogue of the multiple Bernoulli polynomials and give their fundamental properties.
We define an overpartition analogue of Gaussian polynomials (also known as $q$-binomial coefficients) as a generating function for the number of overpartitions fitting inside the $M \times N$ rectangle. We call these new polynomials over Gaussian polynomials or over $q$-binomial coefficients. We investigate basic properties and applications of over $q$-binomial coefficients. In particular, via the recurrences and combinatorial interpretations of over q-binomial coefficients, we prove a Rogers-Ramaujan type partition theorem.
In this paper, we present a $q$-analogue of the polynomial reduction which was originally developed for hypergeometric terms. Using the $q$-Gosper representation, we describe the structure of rational functions that are summable when multiplied with a given $q$-hypergeometric term. The structure theorem enables us to generalize the $q$-polynomial reduction to the rational case, which can be used in the automatic proof and discovery of $q$-identities. As applications, several $q$-analogues of series for $π$ are presented.
This article considers some q-analogues of classical results concerning the Ehrhart polynomials of Gorenstein polytopes, namely properties of their q-Ehrhart polynomial with respect to a good linear form. Another theme is a specific linear form Ψ (involving Carlitz' q-analogues of Bernoulli numbers) on the space of polynomials, for which one shows interesting behaviour on these q-Ehrhart polynomials. A third point is devoted to some related zeta-like functions associated with polynomials
We prove an analogue of the Lagrange Inversion Theorem for Dirichlet series. The proof is based on studying properties of Dirichlet convolution polynomials, which are analogues of convolution polynomials introduced by Knuth in [4].
In a previous paper, we studied an overpartition analogue of Gaussian polynomials as the generating function for overpartitions fitting inside an $m \times n$ rectangle. Here, we add one more parameter counting the number of overlined parts, obtaining a two-parameter generalization $\overline{m+n \brack n}_{q,t}$ of Gaussian polynomials, which is also a $(q,t)$-analogue of Delannoy numbers. First we obtain finite versions of classical $q$-series identities such as the $q$-binomial theorem and the Lebesgue identity, as well as two-variable generalizations of classical identities involving Gauss…
We develop a polynomial analogue of Meinardus' Thoerem for bivariate Euler products and apply it to the study of complex multiplicatively weighted partitions.
