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arXiv 1904.07151gr-qc
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再论外尔变换下的时空热力学

More on spacetime thermodynamics in the light of Weyl transformations

Fayçal Hammad, Daniel Dijamco

摘要:

最近发现,在进行外尔共形变换后,黑洞力学和黑洞热力学之间熟悉的类比变得模糊不清。有人认为,这一事实可以追溯到物质和几何之间的基本二分法,这是爱因斯坦场方程的核心。作为对这个问题的进一步研究,我们在这里从另外两个角度研究时空热力学和外尔变换之间的一般联系。我们首先基于$pure$几何的基本微分同胚对称性来研究Wald方法中视界熵的共形行为。然后,我们重温$-$使用外尔变换$-$雅各布森的推导爱因斯坦的场方程,其出发点正是建立在物质和几何之间的基本二分法。因此,我们表明,为了使雅各布森的方法能够产生正确的爱因斯坦场方程的共形框架,一个特定的共形行为的视界温度和熵$-$不同的沃尔德的方法意味着$-$是必需的。因此,时空热力学的两种方法在共形框架中变得不相容。此外,我们显示$-$在更详细的共形框架$-$,在存在一个空尘的热力学方法提取爱因斯坦的场方程必然失败。对整个问题进行了广泛的讨论。

英文摘要:

It was recently found that, after performing a Weyl conformal transformation, the familiar analogy between black hole mechanics and black hole thermodynamics becomes ambiguous. It was argued that this fact can be traced back to the fundamental dichotomy between matter and geometry, which is at the heart of Einstein's field equations. As a further study of this issue, we investigate here the general link between spacetime thermodynamics and Weyl transformations from two other angles. We first examine the conformal behaviour of the horizon entropy within Wald's approach based on the fundamental diffeomorphism symmetry of $pure$ geometry. We then revisit $-$ using Weyl transformations $-$ Jacobson's derivation of Einstein's field equations, the starting point of which is precisely built on the fundamental dichotomy between matter and geometry. As a result, we show that in order for Jacobson's approach to be able to yield the right Einstein field equations in the conformal frame, a specific conformal behavior of the horizon temperature and its entropy $-$ different from what Wald's approach implies $-$ is required. The two approaches to spacetime thermodynamics become thus incompatible in the conformal frame. In addition, we show $-$ in greater detail in the conformal frame $-$ that in the presence of a null dust the thermodynamics approach for extracting Einstein's field equations necessarily fails. An extensive discussion of the whole issue is given.

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