A New Signal Injection-based Method for Estimation of Position in Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, CNRS - CentraleSupélec（信号与系统实验室，法国国家科学研究中心-中央理工-高等电力学院）；University of Belgrade（贝尔格莱德大学）；ITMO University（ITMO大学）；Tufts University（塔夫茨大学）
Bowen Yi, Slobodan N. Vukosavic, Romeo Ortega, Aleksandar M. Stankovic, Weidong Zhang
文献中已报告了几种启发式程序，用于通过信号注入估计永磁同步电机（PMSM）的转子位置。使用平均理论，最近提出了一种分析此类方案的框架。然而，据我们所知，文献中尚未报告对传统线性时不变滤波方法性能的理论分析，这些方法在工业中被广泛使用。本文的目的是提出一种新方法，一方面能够进行严格的理论分析，另一方面能确保位置估计的改进精度。新方法的另一个优点是它依赖于线性算子的使用，可以通过简单的计算实现。所提出方案的有效性通过在521 V DC总线和5 kHz PWM驱动的内PMSM平台上进行的实验来评估。
英文摘要：
Several heuristic procedures to estimate the rotor position of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) via signal injection have been reported in the literature. Using averaging theory, a framework to analyse such schemes has been recently proposed. However, to the best of our knowledge, no theoretical analysis of the performance of the conventional linear time invariant filtering methods, which are widely used as standard industrial practice, has been reported in the literature. The objective of this note is to propose a new method that, on one hand, is amenable to a rigorous theoretical analysis and, on the other hand, ensures an improved accuracy in the position estimation. An additional advantage of the new method is that it relies on the use of linear operators, implementable with simple computations. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is assessed by experiments on an interior PMSM platform driven by a 521 V DC bus with 5-kHz PWM.
This paper presents a nonlinear control algorithm for speed control of a permanent magnet motor. The idea relies on a feedback linearization technique which also ensures adherence to current and voltage bounds. These bounds arise from practical limitations of the power source. The feedback linearization law is computed using a convex optimization routine to minimize response time as well. The aid of convex optimization leads to computational efficiency. Moreover, the mathematical tractability of the approach also aids analysis of the system performance under model uncertainty and feedback meas…
Interior permanent magnet synchronous machine drives are widely employed in electric traction systems and various industrial processes. However, prolonged exposure to high temperatures while operating can demagnetize the permanent magnets to the point of irreversible demagnetization. In addition, direct measurements with infrared sensors or contact-type sensors with wireless communication can be expensive and intrusive to the motor drive systems. This paper thus proposes a nonintrusive thermal monitoring scheme for the permanent magnets inside the direct-torque-controlled interior permanent ma…
A resonance and an antiresonance peak characterize many industrial mechanisms dynamics driven by a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The presence of the resonance peak can lead to vibrations and instability of the system. On that account, advanced methods exist to tune the speed Proportional Integral (PI) controller based on adaptive or fuzzy theory. However, those methods require expertise in control theory and are not available in commercial drives. For that, this paper proposes a Bode-based method for PI parameters selection in combination with a notch filter that can be easily set…
A new strategy is proposed to control interior permanent magnet generators in dc microgrids interfaced through an active rectifier. The controller design is based on the decomposition of the system dynamics into slow and fast modes using singular perturbation theory. An inner current controller is developed based on output regulation techniques and an outer voltage controller is proposed using Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC). The NMPC regulates the dc bus voltage and minimizes the ac side losses. Simulation results are then presented based on realistic conditions for aircraft power s…
In this paper, we present a Nonlinear-Proportional Integrator (N-PI) disturbance observer (DOB) to enhance the motion tracking of the performance of a surface-mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SPMSM) in rapidly speed varying regions. By presenting an N-PI-DOB for load torque estimation with torque modulation technique, we show that the tracking error dynamics of angular position/velocity are coupled with tracking errors of currents loop and estimation errors. After analyzing disturbances of currents tracking error dynamics, we design the N-PI-DOB and Lyapunov-based nonlinear currents…
A globally exponentially stable position observer for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors
ITMO University（圣彼得堡信息、光学和机械大学）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；University of Belgrade（贝尔格莱德大学）；Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)（韩国科学技术院）
This paper investigates the design of a robust output-feedback linear parameter-varying (LPV) gain-scheduled controller for the speed regulation of a surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM). Motor dynamics is defined in the $α- β$ stationary reference frame and a parameter-varying model formulation is provided to describe the SPMSM nonlinear dynamics. In this context, a robust gain-scheduled LPV output-feedback dynamic controller is designed to satisfy the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system and meet desired performance requirements, as well as, guarantee robustness again…
In this study, a new approach based on adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) is proposed to control permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The objective of this paper is to control the torque and consequently the speed of a PMSM when an unknown load torque is applied to it. The proposed controller achieves a fast transient response, low ripples and small steady-state error. The control algorithm uses two neural networks, called critic and actor. The former is utilized to evaluate the cost and the latter is used to generate control signals. The training is done once offline and the calculate…
The performance of model predictive controllers (MPC) strongly depends on the model quality. In the field of electric drive control, white-box (WB) modeling approaches derived from first-order physical principles are most common. This procedure typically does not cover parasitic effects and parameter deviations are frequent. These issues are particularly crucial in the domain of self-commissioning drives when a hand-tailored, accurate WB plant model is not available. In order to compensate for such modeling errors and, therefore, to improve the control performance during transients and steady-…
In this paper, we present a hybrid sensorless observer for Permanent Magnets Synchronous Machines, with no a priori knowledge of the mechanical dynamics and without the typical assumption of constant or slowly-varying speed. Instead, we impose the rotor speed to have a constant (unknown) sign and a non-zero magnitude at all times. For the design of the proposed scheme, meaningful Lie group formalism is adopted to describe the rotor position as an element of the unit circle. This choice, however, leads to a non-contractible state space, and therefore it introduces topological constraints that c…
Monitoring the magnet temperature in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) for automotive applications is a challenging task for several decades now, as signal injection or sensor-based methods still prove unfeasible in a commercial context. Overheating results in severe motor deterioration and is thus of high concern for the machine's control strategy and its design. Lack of precise temperature estimations leads to lesser device utilization and higher material cost. In this work, several machine learning (ML) models are empirically evaluated on their estimation accuracy for the task of …
