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arXiv 1902.01276cond-mat.stat-mech
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在动态相变中对罕见事件进行采样

Sampling rare events across dynamical phase transitions

Carlos Pérez-Espigares, Pablo I. Hurtado

摘要:

具有多个自由度的相互作用粒子系统可能经历相变以维持动力学可观测量(例如电流或活动)的非典型波动。在某些情况下,这会导致破碎的时空轨迹,由于有序结构的出现,这些时空轨迹增加了此类事件的概率。尽管它们的概念和实际的重要性,这些动态相变(DPT)在轨迹水平是难以表征,由于其发生的概率低。然而,在过去的十年中,先进的计算技术已经发展到测量罕见的事件在模拟多粒子系统,允许第一次直接观察和表征这些DPT。在这里,我们回顾了一个特定的稀有事件模拟技术的应用,克隆蒙特卡罗方法的基础上,表征DPTs在范例随机晶格气体。特别是,我们详细描述了一些技巧和技巧的贸易,特别注意测量的序参量捕捉不同的DPT的物理,以及有限大小的影响(无论是在系统的大小和数量的克隆)的测量。总的来说,我们提供了一个一致的图片的现象与DPT及其测量。

英文摘要:

Interacting particle systems with many degrees of freedom may undergo phase transitions to sustain atypical fluctuations of dynamical observables such as the current or the activity. This leads in some cases to symmetry-broken space-time trajectories which enhance the probability of such events due to the emergence of ordered structures. Despite their conceptual and practical importance, these dynamical phase transitions (DPTs) at the trajectory level are difficult to characterize due to the low probability of their occurrence. However, during the last decade advanced computational techniques have been developed to measure rare events in simulations of many-particle systems that allow for the first time the direct observation and characterization of these DPTs. Here we review the application of a particular rare-event simulation technique, based on cloning Monte Carlo methods, to characterize DPTs in paradigmatic stochastic lattice gases. In particular, we describe in detail some tricks and tips of the trade, paying special attention to the measurement of order parameters capturing the physics of the different DPTs, as well as to the finite-size effects (both in the system size and number of clones) that affect the measurements. Overall, we provide a consistent picture of the phenomenology associated with DPTs and their measurement.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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