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arXiv 1901.02016astro-ph.GA
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局部高速尾和银河系逃逸速度

The local high velocity tail and the Galactic escape speed

Alis J. Deason, Azadeh Fattahi, Vasily Belokurov, Wyn Evans, Robert J. Grand, Federico Marinacci, Rudiger Pakmor

摘要:

我们利用宇宙学模拟和6维盖亚数据模拟了运动最快(v_tot > 300 km/s)的本地(D < 3 kpc)晕星。我们的方法是使用我们的知识的组装历史和相空间分布的晕星,以限制的形式的高速尾巴的恒星晕。利用简单的分析模型和宇宙学模拟,我们发现高速尾的形状强烈依赖于晕星的速度各向异性和数密度分布-高偏心轨道和/或浅密度分布有更多的扩展的高速尾。已知太阳附近的晕星具有强烈的径向速度各向异性,最近的研究表明,这些高偏心率轨道的起源是一颗大质量(M_star ~ 10^9 M_Sun)矮卫星的早期吸积。我们利用这些知识来构造高速尾翼形状的先验知识。此外,我们使用模拟来定义一个适当的外边界2r_200,超过该边界恒星可以逃逸。在将我们的方法应用于盖亚数据之后,我们发现局部(r_0=8.3 kpc)逃逸速度v_esc(r_0)= 528(+24,-25)km/s。我们用我们对逃逸速度的测量来估计银河系的总质量和暗晕浓度:M_200,tot = 1.00(+0.31,-0.24)x 10^12 M_Sun,c_200 = 10.9(+4.4,-3.3)。我们估计的质量与最近文献中的结果一致,这些结果似乎集中在银河系质量为M_200,tot ~ 10^12 M_Sun。

英文摘要:

We model the fastest moving (v_tot > 300 km/s) local (D < 3 kpc) halo stars using cosmological simulations and 6-dimensional Gaia data. Our approach is to use our knowledge of the assembly history and phase-space distribution of halo stars to constrain the form of the high velocity tail of the stellar halo. Using simple analytical models and cosmological simulations, we find that the shape of the high velocity tail is strongly dependent on the velocity anisotropy and number density profile of the halo stars --- highly eccentric orbits and/or shallow density profiles have more extended high velocity tails. The halo stars in the solar vicinity are known to have a strongly radial velocity anisotropy, and it has recently been shown the origin of these highly eccentric orbits is the early accretion of a massive (M_star ~ 10^9 M_Sun) dwarf satellite. We use this knowledge to construct a prior on the shape of the high velocity tail. Moreover, we use the simulations to define an appropriate outer boundary of 2r_200, beyond which stars can escape. After applying our methodology to the Gaia data, we find a local (r_0=8.3 kpc) escape speed of v_esc(r_0) = 528(+24,-25) km/s. We use our measurement of the escape velocity to estimate the total Milky Way mass, and dark halo concentration: M_200,tot = 1.00(+0.31,-0.24) x 10^12 M_Sun, c_200 = 10.9(+4.4,-3.3). Our estimated mass agrees with recent results in the literature that seem to be converging on a Milky Way mass of M_200,tot ~ 10^12 M_Sun.

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