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arXiv 1812.07445hep-th
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无穷远处无质量标量场及其对偶二型场的渐近结构

Asymptotic structure of a massless scalar field and its dual two-form field at spatial infinity

Marc Henneaux, Cedric Troessaert

摘要:

由于洛伦兹不变性,在空间无穷远处$r^{-k}$中具有幂律衰减的相对论场论一般具有无穷多个守恒量。这些电荷中的大多数与对称变换没有任何明显的关系,而对称变换就是诺特电荷。我们在无质量标量场的情况下讨论这个问题。通过使用$2$形式的对偶公式(正如最近在零无穷分析中所做的那样),我们将一些标量电荷与作用于$2$形式和必须在空间无穷大处添加的表面自由度的对称变换联系起来。这些新的自由度对于在对偶图像中得到一致的相对论性描述是必要的,因为否则的话,助推将不能成为正则变换。我们提供了明确的边界条件上的$2$ -形式和它的共轭动量,其中涉及宇称条件的扭曲,在电磁和重力的情况下。空间无限远的对称群是由“不适当的规范变换”组成的。它是阿贝尔的和无限维的。我们还简要地讨论了渐近对称性的实现,其特征在于一个非平凡的中心扩张,并指出真空简并。

英文摘要:

Relativistic field theories with a power law decay in $r^{-k}$ at spatial infinity generically possess an infinite number of conserved quantities because of Lorentz invariance. Most of these are not related in any obvious way to symmetry transformations of which they would be the Noether charges. We discuss the issue in the case of a massless scalar field. By going to the dual formulation in terms of a $2$-form (as was done recently in a null infinity analysis), we relate some of the scalar charges to symmetry transformations acting on the $2$-form and on surface degrees of freedom that must be added at spatial infinity. These new degrees of freedom are necessary to get a consistent relativistic description in the dual picture, since boosts would otherwise fail to be canonical transformations. We provide explicit boundary conditions on the $2$-form and its conjugate momentum, which involves parity conditions with a twist, as in the case of electromagnetism and gravity. The symmetry group at spatial infinity is composed of `improper gauge transformations'. It is abelian and infinite-dimensional. We also briefly discuss the realization of the asymptotic symmetries, characterized by a non trivial central extension and point out vacuum degeneracy.

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