AI 中文总结
该研究在闵氏时空中，确定了与带电无质量标量场耦合的U(1)规范场的三个散射守恒渐近荷，推测其中一个新荷与 retarded 时间线性发散的大规范变换相关。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了闵氏时空中与带电无质量标量场耦合的U(1)规范场的次领头渐近荷。我们考虑的相空间中，类光无穷远上的标量场初值具有紧支集，而规范场初值允许 retarded（超前）时间的逆幂次渐近展开，我们称之为初值尾项。我们在类光无穷远处确定了三个有限的散射守恒荷：第一个是标准次领头软荷的重整化版本；第二个是对数荷，为类光无穷远未来端与过去端领头阶尾项系数之差；第三个是探测尾项系数平均值的新荷。我们推测该新荷与一类在 retarded 时间线性发散的新型大规范变换相关。
英文摘要
We study subleading asymptotic charges of a U(1) gauge field coupled to a charged massless scalar field in Minkowski spacetime. We consider a phase space for which the scalar-field initial data on null infinity have compact support, while the gauge-field initial data admit an asymptotic expansion with inverse-power tails in retarded (advanced) time, which we refer to as initial-data tails. We identify three finite charges at the null infinities which are conserved under scattering. One is a renormalized version of the standard subleading soft charge. The second is a logarithmic charge which is the difference of the coefficients of the leading order tails at the future and past ends of null infinity. The third is a new charge that probes the average of the tail coefficients. We conjecture that the third charge is associated with a new class of large gauge transformations which diverge linearly in retarded time.
