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arXiv 1807.09735cs.DSmath.OC
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改善多向切割的完整性间隙

Improving the Integrality Gap for Multiway Cut

Kristóf Bérczi, Karthekeyan Chandrasekaran, Tamás Király, Vivek Madan

摘要:

在多路切割问题中,我们给出了一个无向图,它的边权值为非负,且图中有一组$k$终端节点,目标是将图中的节点集划分为$k$非空部分,每个非空部分只包含一个终端,使得穿过划分的边的总权值最小. $k\ge 3$的多路切割问题是APX困难的。对于任意$k$,最知名的近似因子是$1.2965$,源于[Sharma and Vondrák,2014],而最知名的不可近似因子是$1.2$,源于[Angelidakis,Makarychev and Manurangsi,2017]。在这项工作中,我们通过构造CKR松弛的完整性间隙实例来改进$1.20016$的下限。在改善差距的技术挑战是缺乏几何工具来理解高维单纯形。我们的实例是一个非平凡的$3$维实例,它克服了这个技术挑战。我们分析的差距的情况下,将其视为一个凸组合的$2$维的实例和一个统一的3维实例。我们相信,这种技术可以进一步利用,以构建更大的完整性差距的实例。我们的证明技术的一个组成部分是对[Mirzakhani and Vondrák,2015]中关于\emph{Sperner admissible labelings}的结果的推广,该结果可能具有独立的组合兴趣。

英文摘要:

In the multiway cut problem, we are given an undirected graph with non-negative edge weights and a collection of $k$ terminal nodes, and the goal is to partition the node set of the graph into $k$ non-empty parts each containing exactly one terminal so that the total weight of the edges crossing the partition is minimized. The multiway cut problem for $k\ge 3$ is APX-hard. For arbitrary $k$, the best-known approximation factor is $1.2965$ due to [Sharma and Vondrák, 2014] while the best known inapproximability factor is $1.2$ due to [Angelidakis, Makarychev and Manurangsi, 2017]. In this work, we improve on the lower bound to $1.20016$ by constructing an integrality gap instance for the CKR relaxation. A technical challenge in improving the gap has been the lack of geometric tools to understand higher-dimensional simplices. Our instance is a non-trivial $3$-dimensional instance that overcomes this technical challenge. We analyze the gap of the instance by viewing it as a convex combination of $2$-dimensional instances and a uniform 3-dimensional instance. We believe that this technique could be exploited further to construct instances with larger integrality gap. One of the ingredients of our proof technique is a generalization of a result on \emph{Sperner admissible labelings} due to [Mirzakhani and Vondrák, 2015] that might be of independent combinatorial interest.

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