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arXiv 1806.01699astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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确定星前核重力坍缩化学演化的一种有效方法

An efficient method for determining the chemical evolution of gravitationally collapsing prestellar cores

F. D. Priestley, S. Viti, D. A. Williams

摘要:

我们开发的星前核的密度演化的解析近似,流体动力学模拟的结果的基础上。我们使用这些近似值作为随时间变化的气体颗粒化学代码的输入,以研究不同的崩溃模式对核心中分子丰度的影响。我们确认,我们的方法可以提供合理的协议与流体力学和化学的精确数值解,同时显着降低计算成本,允许运行一个大网格的模型变化的多个输入参数。我们目前的结果使用这种方法来说明化学是如何影响的,不仅通过崩溃模型,但也通过大量的未知的物理和化学参数。最初的重力不稳定的模型预测类似的丰度,尽管不同的密度和崩溃的时间尺度,而双极扩散产生更广泛的内部耗尽区,这是没有看到星前核心的观测。尽管各种输入参数的值是未知的,但分子观测能够区分塌陷模式。我们还研究了双极扩散时间尺度的演变范围内的崩溃模式,金属丰度和宇宙射线电离率,发现它仍然可比或大于崩溃的时间尺度在初始阶段,我们考虑的所有模型,但在后来的演变阶段变得更小。这证实了双极扩散是扩散气体的一个重要过程,但随着核心塌陷到更高的密度而变得不那么重要。

英文摘要:

We develop analytic approximations to the density evolution of prestellar cores, based on the results of hydrodynamical simulations. We use these approximations as input for a time-dependent gas-grain chemical code to investigate the effects of differing modes of collapse on the molecular abundances in the core. We confirm that our method can provide reasonable agreement with an exact numerical solution of both the hydrodynamics and chemistry while being significantly less computationally expensive, allowing a large grid of models varying multiple input parameters to be run. We present results using this method to illustrate how the chemistry is affected not only by the collapse model adopted, but also by the large number of unknown physical and chemical parameters. Models which are initially gravitationally unstable predict similar abundances despite differing densities and collapse timescales, while ambipolar diffusion produces more extended inner depleted regions which are not seen in observations of prestellar cores. Molecular observations are capable of discriminating between modes of collapse despite the unknown values of various input parameters. We also investigate the evolution of the ambipolar diffusion timescale for a range of collapse modes, metallicities and cosmic ray ionization rates, finding that it remains comparable to or larger than the collapse timescale during the initial stages for all models we consider, but becomes smaller at later evolutionary stages. This confirms that ambipolar diffusion is an important process for diffuse gas, but becomes less significant as cores collapse to higher densities.

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