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arXiv 1804.02403astro-ph.GA
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高$z$星系中作为分子ISM质量探针的亚毫米通量

Submillimeter flux as a probe of molecular ISM mass in high-$z$ galaxies

Lichen Liang, Robert Feldmann, Claude-André Faucher-Giguère, Dušan Kereš, Philip F. Hopkins, Christopher C. Hayward, Eliot Quataert, Nick Z. Scoville

摘要:

最近对热尘埃连续体的长波长观测表明,瑞利-金斯(RJ)尾可以作为高$z$星系中尘埃和ISM质量的时间有效的定量探测器。我们使用高分辨率的宇宙学模拟的反馈在现实环境(FIRE)项目分析的尘埃排放的$M_*>10^{10}\;M_{\odot}$星系在$z=2-4$。我们的模拟(MassiveFIRE)明确包括各种形式的恒星反馈,它们产生的恒星质量和恒星形成率的高$z$星系与观测一致。使用辐射转移建模,我们表明,亚毫米(亚毫米)光度和分子ISM质量是紧密相关的,整体归一化与观测定量一致。值得注意的是,即使在星爆期间,亚毫米光度也能追踪分子ISM质量,因为尘埃质量和质量加权温度在$z=4$和$z=2$之间只有适度的变化,包括在星爆期间。我们的发现支持了经验的方法,使用宽带亚毫米流量作为代理的分子气体含量在高$z$星系。因此,我们期望单波段亚毫米观测ALMA显着增加高$z$星系的样本大小与可靠的ISM质量在不久的将来。

英文摘要:

Recent long wavelength observations on the thermal dust continuum suggest that the Rayleigh-Jeans (RJ) tail can be used as a time-efficient quantitative probe of the dust and ISM mass in high-$z$ galaxies. We use high-resolution cosmological simulations from the Feedback in Realistic Environment (FIRE) project to analyze the dust emission of $M_*>10^{10}\;M_{\odot}$ galaxies at $z=2-4$. Our simulations (MassiveFIRE) explicitly include various forms of stellar feedback, and they produce the stellar masses and star formation rates of high-$z$ galaxies in agreement with observations. Using radiative transfer modelling, we show that sub-millimeter (sub-mm) luminosity and molecular ISM mass are tightly correlated and that the overall normalization is in quantitative agreement with observations. Notably, sub-mm luminosity traces molecular ISM mass even during starburst episodes as dust mass and mass-weighted temperature evolve only moderately between $z=4$ and $z=2$, including during starbursts. Our finding supports the empirical approach of using broadband sub-mm flux as a proxy for molecular gas content in high-$z$ galaxies. We thus expect single-band sub-mm observations with ALMA to dramatically increase the sample size of high-$z$ galaxies with reliable ISM masses in the near future.

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