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arXiv 1707.02936astro-ph.GA
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平动分子云中亚毫米波偏振谱的首次观测

First Observation of the Submillimeter Polarization Spectrum in a Translucent Molecular Cloud

Peter C. Ashton, Peter A. R. Ade, Francesco E. Angilè, Steven J. Benton, Mark J. Devlin, Bradley Dober, Laura M. Fissel, Yasuo Fukui, Nicholas Galitzki, Natalie… 展开作者

Peter C. Ashton, Peter A. R. Ade, Francesco E. Angilè, Steven J. Benton, Mark J. Devlin, Bradley Dober, Laura M. Fissel, Yasuo Fukui, Nicholas Galitzki, Natalie N. Gandilo, Jeffrey Klein, Andrei K. Korotkov, Zhi-Yun Li, Peter G. Martin, Tristan G. Matthews, Lorenzo Moncelsi, Fumitaka Nakamura, Calvin B. Netterfield, Giles Novak, Enzo Pascale, Frédéric Poidevin, Fabio P. Santos, Giorgio Savini, Douglas Scott, Jamil A. Shariff, Juan D. Soler, Nicholas E. Thomas, Carole E. Tucker, Gregory S. Tucker, Derek Ward-Thompson

摘要:

来自排列尘埃的偏振辐射是ISM中研究磁性的重要工具,也是研究CMB偏振的麻烦污染物。在每一种情况下,要理解偏振信号的重要性,都需要对尘埃颗粒进行良好校准的物理模型。尽管在理论和观测方面取得了数十年的进展,但偏振尘埃模型在很大程度上仍然缺乏约束。在2012年的飞行中,球载望远镜BLASTPol同时获得了250、350和500微米的半透明分子云的宽带偏振图。将这些数据与普朗克850微米波段的偏振测量相结合,我们首次为这种类型的云产生了亚毫米偏振光谱。我们发现,偏振度在很大程度上是恒定的四个波段。这一结果引入了一个新的观察与潜在的ISM灰尘极化模型在以前无法访问的密度制度的经验约束。与Draine和Fraisse(2009)的模型相比,我们的结果不支持他们的两个模型,其中所有的极化都是由于对齐的硅酸盐颗粒引起的。通过创建一个简单的模型,在半透明的云偏振发射,我们验证了消光云内的偏振光谱形状相比,扩散ISM只有很小的影响。因此,我们期望测量的偏振光谱是一个有效的检查扩散ISM灰尘模型。所观察到的偏振光谱的一般平坦度提出了一个挑战的模型,其中温度和对准度是强烈相关的主要尘埃成分。

英文摘要:

Polarized emission from aligned dust is a crucial tool for studies of magnetism in the ISM and a troublesome contaminant for studies of CMB polarization. In each case, an understanding of the significance of the polarization signal requires well-calibrated physical models of dust grains. Despite decades of progress in theory and observation, polarized dust models remain largely underconstrained. During its 2012 flight, the balloon-borne telescope BLASTPol obtained simultaneous broad-band polarimetric maps of a translucent molecular cloud at 250, 350, and 500 microns. Combining these data with polarimetry from the Planck 850 micron band, we have produced a submillimeter polarization spectrum for a cloud of this type for the first time. We find the polarization degree to be largely constant across the four bands. This result introduces a new observable with the potential to place strong empirical constraints on ISM dust polarization models in a previously inaccessible density regime. Comparing with models by Draine and Fraisse (2009), our result disfavors two of their models for which all polarization arises due only to aligned silicate grains. By creating simple models for polarized emission in a translucent cloud, we verify that extinction within the cloud should have only a small effect on the polarization spectrum shape compared to the diffuse ISM. Thus we expect the measured polarization spectrum to be a valid check on diffuse ISM dust models. The general flatness of the observed polarization spectrum suggests a challenge to models where temperature and alignment degree are strongly correlated across major dust components.

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