In general, the non-conservative approximation of coagulation-fragmentation equations (CFEs) may lead to the occurrence of gelation phenomenon. In this article, it is shown that the non-conservative approximation of CFEs can also provide the existence of mass conserving solutions to CFEs for large classes of unbounded coagulation and fragmentation kernels.
A specific class of coagulation and fragmentation coefficients is considered for which the strength of the coagulation is balanced by that of the multiple fragmentation. Existence and uniqueness of mass-conserving solutions are proved when the initial total mass is sufficiently small.
Existence of mass-conserving self-similar solutions with a sufficiently small total mass is proved for a specific class of homogeneous coagulation and fragmentation coefficients. The proof combines a dynamical approach to construct such solutions for a regularised coagulation-fragmentation equation in scaling variables and a compactness method.
Existence of global weak solutions to the continuous Oort-Hulst-Safronov (OHS) coagulation equation is investigated for coagulation kernels capturing a singularity near zero and growing linearly at infinity. The proof mainly relies on a relation, between classical Smoluchowski coagulation equation (SCE) and OHS coagulation equation, which is introduced in [16] as generalized coagulation equation. Moreover, all weak solutions formulated in a suitable sense are demonstrated to be mass-conserving. We obtain here a similar result for OHS coagulation equation as the one in [6] for SCE.
In this article, the existence of mass-conserving solutions is investigated to the continuous coagulation and collisional breakage equation with singular coagulation kernels. Here, the probability distribution function attains singularity near the origin. The existence result is constructed by using both conservative and non-conservative truncations to the continuous coagulation and collisional breakage equation. The proof of the existence result relies on a classical weak L1 compactness method.
We study a critical case of Coagulation-Fragmentation equations with multiplicative coagulation kernel and constant fragmentation kernel. Our method is based on the study of viscosity solutions to a new singular Hamilton-Jacobi equation, which results from applying the Bernstein transform to the original Coagulation-Fragmentation equation. Our results include wellposedness, regularity and long-time behaviors of viscosity solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in certain regimes, which have implications to wellposedness and long-time behaviors of \emph{mass-conserving} solutions to the Coagu…
The critical coagulation-fragmentation equation with multiplicative coagulation and constant fragmentation kernels is known to not have global mass-conserving solutions when the initial mass is greater than $1$. We show that for any given positive initial mass with finite second moment, there is a time $T^*>0$ such that the equation possesses a unique mass-conserving solution up to $T^*$. The novel idea is to singularly perturb the constant fragmentation kernel by small additive terms and study the limiting behavior of the solutions of the perturbed system via the Bernstein transform.
In this article, the uniqueness of weak solutions to the continuous coagulation and multiple fragmentation equation is proved for a large range of unbounded coagulation and multiple fragmentation kernels. The multiple fragmentation kernels may have a singularity at origin. This work generalizes the preceding ones, by including some physically relevant coagulation and fragmentation kernels which were not considered before.
The existence of weak solutions to the continuous coagulation equation with multiple fragmentation is shown for a class of unbounded coagulation and fragmentation kernels, the fragmentation kernel having possibly a singularity at the origin. This result extends previous ones where either boundedness of the coagulation kernel or no singularity at the origin for the fragmentation kernel were assumed.
Global weak solutions to the continuous Smoluchowski coagulation equation (SCE) are constructed for coagulation kernels featuring an algebraic singularity for small volumes and growing linearly for large volumes, thereby extending previous results obtained in Norris (1999) and Cueto Camejo \& Warnecke (2015). In particular, linear growth at infinity of the coagulation kernel is included and the initial condition may have an infinite second moment. Furthermore, all weak solutions (in a suitable sense) including the ones constructed herein are shown to be mass-conserving, a property which was pr…
In this paper, a partial integro-differential equation modeling of coagulation and multiple fragmentation events is studied. Our purpose is to investigate the global existence of gelling weak solutions to the continuous coagulation and multiple fragmentation equation for a certain class of coagulation rate, linear selection rate and breakage function. Here, the coagulation rate has singularity for small mass (size) and growing as polynomial function of mass for large particles whereas the breakage function attains singularity near the origin. Moreover, a weak fragmentation process is considere…
Local and global solutions to continuous fragmentation-coagulation equations with vanishing diffusion and unbounded fragmentation and coagulation rates
School of Agriculture and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal（夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学农业科学学院）
In this paper we study the continuous coagulation and multiple fragmentation equation for the mean-field description of a system of particles taking into account the combined effect of the coagulation and the fragmentation processes in which a system of particles growing by successive mergers to form a bigger one and a larger particle splits into a finite number of smaller pieces. We demonstrate the global existence of mass-conserving weak solutions for a wide class of coagulation rate, selection rate and breakage function. Here, both the breakage function and the coagulation rate may have alg…
Local and global well-posedness of the coagulation-fragmentation equation with size diffusion are investigated. Owing to the semilinear structure of the equation, a semigroup approach is used, building upon generation results previously derived for the linear fragmentation-diffusion operator in suitable weighted $L^1$-spaces.
The present paper deals with the existence and uniqueness of global classical solutions to the continuous coagulation and nonlinear multiple fragmentation equations for large classes of unbounded coagulation, collision and breakup kernels. In addition, it is shown that solutions are mass conserving. The coagulation and breakup kernels may have singularities on both the co-ordinate axes whereas the collision kernel grows up to bilinearity.
In this paper we prove the existence of global classical solutions to continuous coagulation-fragmentation equations with unbounded coefficients under the sole assumption that the coagulation rate is dominated by a power of the fragmentation rate, thus improving upon a number of recent results by not requiring any polynomial growth bound for either rate. This is achieved by proving a new result on the analyticity of the fragmentation semigroup and then using its regularizing properties to prove the local and then, under a stronger assumption, the global classical solvability of the coagulation…
Existence of stationary solutions to the coagulation-fragmentation equation is shown when the coagulation kernel $K$ and the overall fragmentation rate $a$ are given by $K(x, y) = x^αy^β+ x^βy^α$ and $a(x) = x^γ$, respectively, with $0\le α\le β\le1$, $α+β\in [0, 1)$, and $γ> 0$. The proof requires two steps: a dynamical approach is first used to construct stationary solutions under the additional assumption that the coagulation kernel and the overall fragmentation rate are bounded from below by a positive constant. The general case is then handled by a compactness argument.
In this paper, we investigate the use of so called "duality lemmas" to study the system of discrete coagulation-fragmentation equations with diffusion. When the fragmentation is strong enough with respect to the coagulation, we show that we have creation and propagation of superlinear moments. In particular this implies that strong enough fragmentation can prevent gelation even for superlinear coagulation, a statement which was only known up to now in the homogeneous setting. We also use this control of superlinear moments to extend a recent result about the regularity of the solutions in the …
We study the large time behavior of the sublinear viscosity solution to a singular Hamilton-Jacobi equation that appears in a critical Coagulation-Fragmentation model with multiplicative coagulation and constant fragmentation kernels. Our results include complete characterizations of stationary solutions and optimal conditions to guarantee large time convergence. In particular, we obtain convergence results under certain natural conditions on the initial data, and a nonconvergence result when such conditions fail.
The dynamics of a coagulation-fragmentation equation with multiplicative coagulation kernel and critical singular fragmentation is studied. In contrast to the coagulation equation, it is proved that fragmentation prevents the occurrence of the gelation phenomenon and a mass-conserving solution is constructed. The large time behavior of this solution is shown to be described by a self-similar solution. In addition, the second moment is finite for positive times whatever its initial value. The proof relies on the Laplace transform which maps the original equation to a first-order nonlinear hyper…
The aim of this paper is to show an existence theorem for a kinetic model of coagulation-fragmentation with initial data satisfying the natural physical bounds, and assumptions of finite number of particles and finite $L^p$-norm. We use the notion of renormalized solutions introduced dy DiPerna and Lions, because of the lack of \textit{a priori} estimates. The proof is based on weak-compactness methods in $L^1$, allowed by $L^p$-norms propagation.
We investigate a coagulation-fragmentation equation with boundary data, establishing the well-posedness of the initial value problem when the coagulation kernels are bounded at zero and showing existence of solutions for the singular kernels relevant in the applications. We determine the large time asymptotic behavior of solutions, proving that solutions converge exponentially fast to zero in the absence of fragmentation and stabilize toward an equilibrium if the boundary value satisfies a detailed balance condition. Incidentally, we obtain an improvement in the regularity of solutions by show…
The aim of this two-part paper is to investigate the stability properties of a special class of solutions to a coagulation-fragmentation equation. We assume that the coagulation kernel is close to the diagonal kernel, and that the fragmentation kernel is diagonal. We construct a two-parameter family of stationary solutions concentrated in Dirac masses. We carefully study the asymptotic decay of the tails of these solutions, showing that this behaviour is stable. In a companion paper we prove that for initial data which are sufficiently concentrated, the corresponding solutions approach one of …
The aim of this two-part paper is to investigate the stability properties of a special class of solutions to a coagulation-fragmentation equation. We assume that the coagulation kernel is close to the diagonal kernel, and that the fragmentation kernel is diagonal. In a companion paper we constructed a two-parameter family of stationary solutions concentrated in Dirac masses, and we carefully studied the asymptotic decay of the tails of these solutions, showing that this behaviour is stable. In this paper we prove that for initial data which are sufficiently concentrated, the corresponding solu…
In this paper, existence and uniqueness of solutions to a non-linear, initial value problem is studied. In particular, we consider a special type of problem which physically represents the time evolution of particle number density resulted due to the coagulation and fragmentation process. The coagulation kernel is chosen from a huge class of functions, both singular and non-singular in nature. On the other hand, fragmentation kernel includes practically relevant non-singular unbounded functions. Moreover, both the kernels satisfy a linear growth rate of particles at infinity. The existence the…
The article presents the existence and mass conservation of solution for the discrete Safronov-Dubovski coagulation equation for the product coalescence coefficients $ϕ$ such that $ϕ_{i,j} \leq ij$ $\forall$ $i,j \in \mathbb{N}$. Both conservative and non-conservative truncated systems are used to analyse the infinite system of ODEs. In the conservative case, Helly's selection theorem is used to prove the global existence while for the non-conservative part, we make use of the refined version of De la Vallée-Poussin theorem to establish the existence. Further, it is shown that these solutions …
Uniqueness of mass-conserving self-similar solutions to Smoluchowski's coagulation equation is shown when the coagulation kernel $K$ is given by $K(x,x\_*)=2(x x\_*)^{-α}$, $(x,x\_*)\in (0,\infty)^2$, for some $α>0$.
An existence result on weak solutions to the continuous coagulation equation with collision-induced multiple fragmentation is established for certain classes of unbounded coagulation, collision and breakup kernels. In this model, a pair of particles can coagulate into a larger one if their confrontation is a completely inelastic collision; otherwise, one of them will split into many smaller particles due to a destructive collision. In the present work, both coagulation and fragmentation processes are considered to be intrinsically nonlinear. The breakup kernel may have a possibility to attain …
Existence and uniqueness of mass-conserving classical solutions to the continuous coagulation equation with collisional breakage are investigated for an unbounded class of collision kernels and a particular case of the distribution function. The distribution function may have a possibility to attain singularity at the origin. The proof of the existence result relies on the compactness method. Moreover, a uniqueness result is shown. In addition, it is observed that the uniqueness solution is mass-conserving.
In this paper we prove the global in time solvability of the continuous growth--fragmentation--coagulation equation with unbounded coagulation kernels, in spaces of functions having finite moments of sufficiently high order. The main tool is the recently established result on moment regularization of the linear growth--fragmentation semigroup that allows us to consider coagulation kernels whose growth for large clusters is controlled by how good the regularization is, in a similar manner to the case when the semigroup is analytic.
We present a new a-priori estimate for discrete coagulation-fragmentation systems with size-dependent diffusion within a bounded, regular domain confined by homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. Following from a duality argument, this a-priori estimate provides a global $L^2$ bound on the mass density and was previously used, for instance, in the context of reaction-diffusion equations. In this paper we demonstrate two lines of applications for such an estimate: On the one hand, it enables to simplify parts of the known existence theory and allows to show existence of solutions for generali…
Existence of mass-conserving weak solutions to the coagulation-fragmentation equation is established when the fragmentation mechanism produces an infinite number of fragments after splitting. The coagulation kernel is assumed to increase at most linearly for large sizes and no assumption is made on the growth of the overall fragmentation rate for large sizes. However, they are both required to vanish for small sizes at a rate which is prescribed by the (non-integrable) singularity of the fragment distribution.
The possible occurrence of instantaneous gelation to Oort-Hulst-Safronov (OHS) coagulation equation is investigated for a certain class of unbounded coagulation kernels. The existence of instantaneous gelation is confirmed by showing the nonexistence of mass-conserving weak solutions. Finally, it is shown that for such kernels, there is no weak solution to the OHS coagulation equation at any time interval.
We consider a coagulation multiple-fragmentation equation, which describes the concentration $c\_t(x)$ of particles of mass $x \in (0,\infty)$ at the instant $t \geq 0$ in a model where fragmentation and coalescence phenomena occur. We study the existence and uniqueness of measured-valued solutions to this equation for homogeneous-like kernels of homogeneity parameter $λ\in (0,1]$ and bounded fragmentation kernels, although a possibly infinite total fragmentation rate, in particular an infinite number of fragments, is considered. This work relies on the use of a Wasserstein-type distance, whic…
We consider mass-conserving self-similar solutions of Smoluchowski's coagulation equation with multiplicative kernel of homogeneity $2lλ\in (0,1)$. We establish rigorously that such solutions exhibit a singular behavior of the form $x^{-(1+2λ)}$ as $x \to 0$. This property had been conjectured, but only weaker results had been available up to now.
This article deals with the convergence of finite volume scheme (FVS) for solving coagulation and multiple fragmentation equations having locally bounded coagulation kernel but singularity near the origin due to fragmentation rates. Thanks to the Dunford-Pettis and De La Vall$\acute{e}$e-Poussin theorems which allow us to have the convergence of numerically truncated solution towards a weak solution of the continuous model using a weak $L^1$ compactness argument. A suitable stable condition on time step is taken to achieve the result. Furthermore, when kernels are in $W^{1,\infty}_{loc}$ space…
We study coagulation-fragmentation equations inspired by a simple model proposed in fisheries science to explain data for the size distribution of schools of pelagic fish. Although the equations lack detailed balance and admit no $H$-theorem, we are able to develop a rather complete description of equilibrium profiles and large-time behavior, based on recent developments in complex function theory for Bernstein and Pick functions. In the large-population continuum limit, a scaling-invariant regime is reached in which all equilibria are determined by a single scaling profile. This universal pro…
We prove that the spatial coagulation equation with bounded coagulation rate is well-posed for all times in a given class of kernels if the convection term of the underlying particle dynamics has divergence bounded below by a positive constant. Multiple coagulations, fragmentation and scattering are also considered.
Existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to the collision-induced breakage and coag-ulation equation are shown when coagulation is the dominant mechanism for small volumes. The collision kernel may feature a stronger singularity for small volumes than the ones considered in previous contributions. In addition, when the collision kernel is locally bounded, the class of fragment daughter distribution functions included in the analysis is broader. Mass-conserving solutions are also constructed when the collision kernel grows at most linearly at infinity and are proved to be unique for initial c…
This article is devoted to the study of existence of a mass conserving global solution for the collision-induced nonlinear fragmentation model which arises in particulate processes, with the singular type of collision kernel. The above mentioned form includes many practical oriented kernels of both singular and non-singular types. The singularity of the unbounded collision kernel at coordinate axes extends the previous existence result and also exhibits at most quadratic growth at infinity. Finally, uniqueness of solution is also investigated.
The global existence of mass-conserving weak solutions to the Safronov-Dubovskii coagulation equation is shown for the coagulation kernels satisfying the at most linear growth for large sizes. In contrast to previous works, the proof mainly relies on the de la Vallee-Poussin theorem [8, Theorem 7.1.6], which only requires the finiteness of the first moment of the initial condition. By showing the necessary regularity of solutions, it is shown that the weak solutions con-structed herein are indeed classical solutions. Under additional restrictions on the initial data, the uniqueness of solution…
We investigate the connection between two classical models of phase transition phenomena, the (discrete size) stochastic Becker-Döring, a continous time Markov chain model, and the (continuous size) deterministic Lifshitz-Slyozov model, a nonlinear transport partial differential equation. For general coefficients and initial data, we introduce a scaling parameter and prove that the empirical measure associated to the stochastic Becker-Döring system converges in law to the weak solution of the Lifshitz-Slyozov equation when the parameter goes to 0. Contrary to previous studies, we use a weak to…
We consider mass-conserving self-similar solutions for Smoluchowski's coagulation equation with kernel $K(ξ,η)= (ξη)^λ$ with $λ\in (0,1/2)$. It is known that such self-similar solutions $g(x)$ satisfy that $x^{-1+2λ} g(x)$ is bounded above and below as $x \to 0$. In this paper we describe in detail via formal asymptotics the qualitative behavior of a suitably rescaled function $h(x)=h_λ x^{-1+2λ} g(x)$ in the limit $λ\to 0$. It turns out that $h \sim 1+ C x^{λ/2} \cos(\sqrtλ \log x)$ as $x \to 0$. As $x$ becomes larger $h$ develops peaks of height $1/λ$ that are separated by large regions wher…
