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arXiv 1802.07582physics.flu-dynastro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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低Ekman数球壳的轴对称惯性模态

Axisymmetric inertial modes in a spherical shell at low Ekman numbers

Michel Rieutord, Lorenzo Valdettaro

摘要:

研究了粘性趋于零时球壳中轴对称惯性模传播的渐近性质。我们确定了三种本征模,其本征值遵循非常不同的法律作为埃克曼数$E$变得非常小。第一种是与特征吸引子相关联的模式,该特征吸引子由紧密跟随特征吸引子所跟踪的周期轨道的薄剪切层制成。第二种是由剪切层组成的模态,它连接球壳内边界的两个半球的临界纬度奇点。三是拟正则模与频率相关的中性周期轨道的特征。我们彻底分析了吸引子模式的数值解的一个子集的渐近法管辖的特征值。我们发现,三个长度尺度成比例的$E^{1/6}$,$E^{1/4}$和$E^{1/3}$控制的形状与这些模式相关联的剪切层。这些尺度指出了小参数$E^{1/12}$在这些振荡流中的关键作用。用一个简化的粘性Poincaré方程模型,我们可以给出一个近似的解析公式,再现在这种剪切层的速度场。最后,我们还提出了一个分析的准正规模式,其频率接近$\sin(π/4)$和解释为什么一个球壳内的流体不能响应任何周期性的强迫在这个频率时,粘度消失。

英文摘要:

We investigate the asymptotic properties of axisymmetric inertial modes propagating in a spherical shell when viscosity tends to zero. We identify three kinds of eigenmodes whose eigenvalues follow very different laws as the Ekman number $E$ becomes very small. First are modes associated with attractors of characteristics that are made of thin shear layers closely following the periodic orbit traced by the characteristic attractor. Second are modes made of shear layers that connect the critical latitude singularities of the two hemispheres of the inner boundary of the spherical shell. Third are quasi-regular modes associated with the frequency of neutral periodic orbits of characteristics. We thoroughly analyse a subset of attractor modes for which numerical solutions point to an asymptotic law governing the eigenvalues. We show that three length scales proportional to $E^{1/6}$, $E^{1/4}$ and $E^{1/3}$ control the shape of the shear layers that are associated with these modes. These scales point out the key role of the small parameter $E^{1/12}$ in these oscillatory flows. With a simplified model of the viscous Poincaré equation, we can give an approximate analytical formula that reproduces the velocity field in such shear layers. Finally, we also present an analysis of the quasi-regular modes whose frequencies are close to $\sin(π/4)$ and explain why a fluid inside a spherical shell cannot respond to any periodic forcing at this frequency when viscosity vanishes.

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