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arXiv 1802.01374math.COmath.NT
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欧拉积幂系数的同余

Congruences for the Coefficients of the Powers of the Euler Product

Julia Q. D. Du, Edward Y. S. Liu, Jack C. D. Zhao

摘要:

令$p_k(n)$由欧拉乘积$\prod _{n=1}^{\infty}(1-q^n)^k=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}p_k(n)q^{n}$的$k$次幂给出。通过研究二阶和三阶模方程在AtkinPDMATHABMP-算子作用下的性质,确定了$p_{8k}(2^{2α} n +\frac{k(2^{2α}-1)}{3})$ $(1\leq k\leq 3)$和$p_{3k} (3^{2β}n+\frac{k(3^{2β}-1)}{8})$ $(1\leq k\leq 8)$关于某些线性递归序列的生成函数.结合Engstrom关于模$m$的线性递归序列的周期性的一个结果,我们得到了$p_k(n)$模任何$m\geq2$的同余的无限族,其中$1\leq k\leq 24$和$3|k$或$8|k$ .基于这些$p_k(n)$的同余式,可以很容易地得到许多配分函数如过配分函数、$t$ -核配分函数和$\ell$ -正则配分函数的无穷族同余式.

英文摘要:

Let $p_k(n)$ be given by the $k$-th power of the Euler Product $\prod _{n=1}^{\infty}(1-q^n)^k=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}p_k(n)q^{n}$. By investigating the properties of the modular equations of the second and the third order under the Atkin $U$-operator, we determine the generating functions of $p_{8k}(2^{2α} n +\frac{k(2^{2α}-1)}{3})$ $(1\leq k\leq 3)$ and $p_{3k} (3^{2β}n+\frac{k(3^{2β}-1)}{8})$ $(1\leq k\leq 8)$ in terms of some linear recurring sequences. Combining with a result of Engstrom about the periodicity of linear recurring sequences modulo $m$, we obtain infinite families of congruences for $p_k(n)$ modulo any $m\geq2$, where $1\leq k\leq 24$ and $3|k$ or $8|k$. Based on these congruences for $p_k(n)$, infinite families of congruences for many partition functions such as the overpartition function, $t$-core partition functions and $\ell$-regular partition functions are easily obtained.

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